New courses, new ideas. New teaching, new evaluation. "Based on process and promoting development" is the "developmental evaluation" advocated by the new curriculum. Next, the author combines his own practical experience and the dynamics of each experimental area to talk about how the "developmental evaluation" works in practice from the process of evaluation implementation.
I. Useful attempts and successful experiences of evaluation examination reform in pilot areas
In the first semester of the new curriculum experiment, the reform of evaluation and examination mainly focused on students. Deeply understand and implement the concept of evaluation and examination reform. Focusing on the developmental function of evaluation, teachers and teaching and research personnel have made many useful efforts and attempts in evaluation standards, evaluation contents, evaluation methods, evaluation tools and evaluation feedback, and accumulated many successful experiences, which are worth further promotion.
On the basis of changing ideas, educators in the experimental area have made various beneficial reform attempts.
1, pay attention to the evaluation of students' learning development process: teachers pay more attention to the evaluation of students' daily learning development, pay attention to students' progress and changes in the learning process, and give students evaluation and feedback in time; Pay attention to the development process of students by using some growth records; Many schools in the experimental area try to combine daily evaluation, stage evaluation and final evaluation organically; Many schools attach importance to the characteristics of subject learning and evaluation, and adopt the methods of sub-examination and decentralized examination.
2. Pay attention to the diversity of evaluation content and the evaluation of non-academic content.
3. Pay attention to the diversification of evaluation subjects.
4. Create opportunities for students to succeed, and promote students' learning through evaluation and examination.
5. Pay attention to cultivating students' exploration, innovation and practical ability through evaluation.
6. Pay attention to the incentive function of evaluation.
Second, the evaluation and assessment steps
(A), a clear evaluation of the content
To evaluate students, we must first make clear the content of evaluation. The content of evaluation is the concrete embodiment of educational goals. The overall goal of Chinese course is to improve students' Chinese literacy in an all-round way. Generally speaking, people's Chinese literacy can be divided into two categories: Chinese learning ability (including basic Chinese knowledge and skills, which is called "double basics" in traditional teaching) and Chinese literacy (including the qualities such as feelings, attitudes and values formed by students in the learning process).
1, the evaluation of Chinese learning ability can be divided into three categories:
Reading category: recitation, dictionary lookup, word accumulation, sentence appreciation, extracurricular reading. ...
Writing: diaries, narratives, short articles, and various practical articles. ...
Comprehensive categories: writing (hard pen, brush), oral (reading, reciting, speaking, debating, etc. ), performance (textbook drama, sketch, cross talk, etc. ), and data collection (books, newspapers, internet, movies, libraries, daily life).
Do a handwritten newspaper; Participate in Chinese subject competitions; China research activities ...
2. The evaluation of Chinese literacy can be divided into Chinese conventional habits (including reading and writing posture, eye hygiene, silent reading, thinking and speaking, homework writing, book and newspaper protection, information collection, etc.). ) and the effect of humanistic education (students' learning motivation, interest, emotion, attitude and the degree of ideological and moral education, values and outlook on life accepted through Chinese learning, etc. ).
Knowing this, it is necessary to determine whether it is a comprehensive evaluation or a separate evaluation. Both have their own strengths and should be determined according to needs. At present, individualized evaluation seems to have been highly valued by the experimental area of curriculum reform and achieved remarkable results. It provides every student with various opportunities for success. Short time and flexible form; Students are always in a good atmosphere, which lightens their psychological burden. Clear grades not only help students find their own shortcomings, but also help teachers to enhance the pertinence of teaching and counseling.
(B), the formulation of evaluation criteria
Without rules, there would be no Fiona Fang. How students learn is good and how they learn is poor, which requires a degree. This requires setting indicators for each evaluation project, otherwise it will be difficult to evaluate.
For example, Jinjiting Primary School in Kaiyuan District, Xiamen has formulated the evaluation standard of 12 Emotion, Attitude and Values:
① Correct reading and writing posture (habit);
2 Pay attention to eye hygiene when reading to prevent myopia (habit);
③ Reading the text every day, reading correctly, fluently and guessing accurately (habit);
④ Actively participate in classroom teaching activities, dare to ask questions, think independently and speak actively, and participate in discussions (attitudes);
(4) Homework writing is correct, correct, neat and clean (habit);
⑥ Always read extracurricular books, newspapers or children's programs (habit);
⑦ Ability to collect information through newspaper clippings, collecting pictures and making cards (habit and ability);
Can form a correct understanding of personal and social problems, a positive attitude towards life and correct values (values) through the knowledge learned;
Pet-name ruby have good learning motivation, strong thirst for knowledge, learning enthusiasm (emotion):
Attending has a strong interest in learning, and can share the fun (emotion) of learning with classmates;
⑾ Have a positive and enterprising spirit, full of self-confidence, will to overcome difficulties, and perseverance (emotion) in learning.
⑿ Have the spirit of unity and cooperation, listen to others' opinions with an open mind, and have a sincere and generous attitude (emotion and attitude).
Rating:
Excellent: can reach 9 of the above standards.
Good: Seven of the above criteria can be achieved.
Qualified: 1.2.3.5. 10 can meet the above standards.
Unqualified: can't meet the above standard 1.2.5, and has obvious bad habits.
(3), design evaluation tools
It is very important to evaluate this tool, which is equivalent to a teaching aid in our daily teaching. Well designed and used can stimulate students' interest and arouse their enthusiasm and enthusiasm for participation. At present, it seems that the design of evaluation tools in various places is quite ingenious, with rich types and diverse forms.
Commonly used are: homework evaluation books, various test papers, growth record bags, various checklists, questionnaires, record cards (writing cards, dictation cards, reading cards, accumulation cards, reading cards, expression cards ...), essays, handwritten newspapers, composition collections (essays, comments, essays) and so on.
Let's talk specifically about the reform of exam questions and the contents of learning portfolio.
1, test reform-humanities
L life
Life is full of Chinese, which is the biggest advantage of mother tongue teaching. So evaluation should extend to life. So I tried to talk about local knowledge, such as:
Choose words to fill in the blanks:
As a result of …, not only … but also …
1. Dongshan Port () has a fishing dock, an oil dock and a military dock, and () has a container dock with an annual throughput of 9,000 TEUs.
2. () The pneumatic stone has three characteristics, namely "strangeness, danger and suspension", and () it was called "the first strange stone in the world" by the ancients.
Discrimination of polyphonic words: Mark the correct pronunciation of polyphonic words with "√" according to the context.
Before liberation, Dongshan was full of sandstorms, and people lived a hungry life. Secretary Gu came. He went to villages and towns to observe people's feelings, investigate the disaster situation, find a way out, and finally found a way to control sandstorms. The villagers' hard days have finally come to an end, so they don't have to beg from door to door.
Modify the sick sentence:
There are seven crescent-shaped bays in Dongshan Sea, including Nanmen Bay, Maluan Bay, Shendong Bay, Donggu Bay, Aojiao Bay and Gongqian Bay.
Punctuate the following sentences:
Over the years, dozens of movies and TV series have been filmed in Dongshan, such as Spring in a Small Town, Crossing the Sea with Eight Immortals, Invincible Yuanyang Leg, The Journey to the West, Gu Wenchang, Tadashi and Across the Taiwan Strait. No wonder some directors and actors say that Dongshan Island is really an ideal natural studio.
Read the passage and answer as required.
Our hometown Dongshan used to be an island. Located in the southeast of Fujian Province, it is the second largest island in Fujian Province.
According to the introduction of Eight Min Tong Zhi and Reading Historical Records, there is an island in the east of Zhangzhou, and there is a green and towering mountain on the island called Dongshan. People love this mountain, so the island is named after it, so it is called "Dongshan Island". Because this mountain is also called "Lingchuan Mountain", some people later called our hometown "Lingdao".
Students, guess, do the "Dongshan" and "Ling Chuan" mentioned in the book refer to our present mountains?
(1) What is the main point of this passage?
(2) Please write a title for the essay according to its content: ""
(3) How can you say "people love this mountain"?
(4) Choice: According to your guess, the "Dongshan" and "Ling Chuan" mentioned in the article refer to:
1. Tai Mo Shan; ② Shuizhai Mountain (Jiuxian Mountain)
3. Su Fengshan; (4) Shimiao Mountain.
Oral communication
Xiaodong met a foreign tourist on the bus, and the two met soon. The guest suddenly asked Xiaodong, "Which place in Dongshan is the most worth going?" Students, if you are Xiaodong, how are you going to introduce yourself to the guests? Please write it down in a few words.
I would say this:
This is the author's reform in the content of the test paper. What I want to try is to make the test paper exude a strong local flavor, so that when students read the test questions, they seem to be reading a beautiful essay, which naturally produces feelings of loving their hometown, thus developing students' humanistic quality in an all-round way.
L, interesting
For example, Teacher Xie Qiyang of Changting once designed a crossword puzzle for the sixth grade paper:
"There is water to raise fish and shrimp, and there are crops planted in the soil. Some people are not you and me, and horses can do the world."
In the original work, the title he designed was "Add different radicals to the word' Ye' to become four new words, and then combine them." Results After the exam, the students enthusiastically asked Mr. Xie, this kind of question has a taste, and I hope there will be more interesting questions in the future.
L openness
Examination is not to limit students' thinking, but to let students give full play and create the best situation.
For example:
Add a stroke to a day to form a new word. How much can you write?
After learning this book, you will know Zhou Yu, Huang Gai, Cao Cao, Qi Weiwang, Tian Ji, Sun Bin, Yan Zi, Wang Chu and other historical figures. Which ones do you admire most? Select 1-2 to introduce. (You can use extracurricular books or dictionaries) (Chinese)
What books have you read recently? Focus on one of them. (You can bring extra-curricular books or notes)
Write an ancient poem (abbreviated) silently with a picture. (Chinese)
If you have just moved to a new home, please design matching household items for your new home. What would you do if you held a family concert? (seventh grade art)
Draw a magical night sky map, compare and say, and see who is interesting. (first-year art)
You can use relevant information to write a short essay of about 300 words on the topic of "The Earth and the Universe in My Heart". (seventh grade science)
What do you think of small advertisements? (Grade 7: Ideological and Political)
Please design a public service advertisement, (Grade 7: Ideological and Political) (can be grouped).
L selection: such as hierarchical classification of test papers for students to choose independently; Add additional questions.
L autonomy: students write their own test questions and give them to the teacher for selection, and the winning bidder is regarded as a collective test paper; Or ask questions, exchange tests and evaluate each other at the same table or in groups.
2. Introducing the growth record into Chinese learning has become a Chinese learning record bag, which contains: ① transcripts of individual Chinese assessments;
(2) all kinds of papers (including the best papers and final papers in the usual exams);
3. My composition collection (self-name);
4. My diary (self-name);
(4) Essays (the results of Chinese research-based learning):
6. The best writing assignment;
All landowners, award-winning materials (success record);
8. Excerpts from poems; Pet-name ruby handwritten newspaper ...