1, knowledge and ability: clarify the structure of the article, master the argumentation structure of the argumentative paper, and cultivate the writing ability of the argumentative paper; Learn the expressive functions of contrast and parallelism in the text, and experience the conciseness, preciseness and accuracy of argumentative language.

2. Process and method: reading aloud and dialing.

3. Emotion and value: Learn the author's thoughts and feelings of worrying about time and hurting the body, as well as his attitude and methods towards others and himself, observe the reality with the help of textbook knowledge, and sort out the correct moral values: be strict with yourself and be lenient with others.

Emphasis and difficulty in teaching

Clarify the structure of the article, deepen the understanding of the structure of argumentative writing, and cultivate the ability of argumentative writing.

Teaching time

2 class hours

teaching process

First, get close to the author.

Han Yu (768? 824), the word back, claiming to be the county looking Changli, known as Han Changli, posthumous title? Words? Later generations addressed Han Wengong respectfully. A writer and thinker in Tang Dynasty. Yang He, Henan. As a person who advocated the ancient prose movement with Liu Zongyuan, why? Eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties? The first one. Since the Six Dynasties, parallel prose has been opposed, and prose has been advocated in the pre-Qin and Han Dynasties. If you resign, you must keep your word, okay? . His articles are thorough in reasoning, full of momentum, rigorous in structure and concise in language, which have a great influence on prose creation at that time and later generations. Representative works include Rock, Mid-Autumn Festival to the Second Official Zhang, Seven Laws, Moving Left to the Orchid Crown to Show Grandchildren's Neck, Seven Juets, Zhang Shuixi's Assistant in Early Spring, etc.

Second, the interpretation of the topic

Sabotage: a style of slander, devoted to inferring the root of things.

Infer the root cause, infer

The Original Mourning explores the source of slanders among literati.

This article is a style devoted to inferring the root of things. Sabotage: slander, slander Original text: infer the source, infer. Is this article called the original nature, the original person and the original ghost? Wuyuan? It is a programmatic paper that comprehensively expounds Han Yu's thoughts and viewpoints. The Original Extinction explores the source of slanders among scholars and officials. what do you think? Idle? And then what? Avoid? At work, I am lazy in self-cultivation and jealous of others; If you don't be lazy or shy away, there will be no slander.

Third, the writing background

In the mid-Tang Dynasty when Han Yu lived, the hereditary aristocrats in the imperial court and the officials who passed the imperial examination crowded out each other, envied their talents, sought perfection from others, and sought tolerance from themselves, which eventually developed into a factional struggle. Ordinary people also criticize each other, and it is difficult for people with outstanding talents and noble morality not to be slandered. So-called? Things are transformed, and morality is ruined? ,? Is it difficult for a scholar to live in this world and look forward to fame and fortune and moral journey? . Han Yu stood on the side of the small and medium-sized landlords and sages and complained for them. I hope to attract the attention of the authorities and take measures to correct this bad style, so I wrote "Original Extinction".

Fourth, the overall perception of first reading.

(organize the content of the article and understand the argumentation structure of the article. )

The first paragraph: the attitude of ancient gentlemen towards others and themselves: towards themselves? Focus for a week? Treat people? Just make an appointment?

The second paragraph: the attitude of today's gentlemen towards others and themselves: blame others thoroughly and be honest with yourself.

The third paragraph: revealing the secret? Destroy? The social origin and harm of:

The root of laziness and taboo

Repair what hurts others and slander it, but high morality destroys it.

The fourth paragraph: the writing intention and eager desire to change this trend.

Raise the eradication of slander to the height of governing the country. )

Verb (abbreviation of verb) appreciation of reading sentences and paragraphs

(1) The ancient gentleman was responsible for himself, but also paid attention to the week and was light on others. Focus on a week, so don't be lazy; Light about, the old friend is charitable.

Ancient gentlemen demanded that they be strict and comprehensive, and that others be tolerant and generous. Strict and comprehensive, so I will not slack off; Tolerant and simple, so others are willing to do good.

Appreciation: this sentence summarizes the behavior of ancient gentlemen and the results caused by this behavior in concise language. Where to start? An ancient gentleman? Talking about it, writing far away, but hiding everywhere? Destroy? The cause of depression. It also implies the meaning of worshipping saints and reviving Confucianism.

(2) Although there are reasons for doing things, laziness and taboo are also called. Lazy people can't fix it, and jealous people are afraid of others.

Nevertheless, it has its roots, which are laziness and jealousy. Lazy people can't cultivate themselves, and jealous people are afraid of others' cultivation.

Appreciation: This is the central point of this article. The author hit the nail on the head? Destroy? The root cause of human nature is ugly things. ? Idle? That is, you don't make progress (you can't fix it); ? Avoid? I'm afraid of others' progress. ? Idle? 、? Avoid? Second, calligraphy and painting have made the faces of many mediocre people in the world!

Six, learning text research

1. Wu Chucai commented on "the original ruin" in "The View of Ancient China People". They all use the eight-character theory of attaching importance to the week, ignoring the contract, not expensive details and avoiding. But it is strange to use only one taboo word to express the feelings of the destroyer. ? How to understand this sentence in the context of this article? What is the main idea of this article (original text)?

Hint: Where to start? An ancient gentleman? Talking about it, writing far away, but hiding everywhere? Destroy? The cause of depression. Bow your head and blame others for building monuments. ? Today's gentleman is not? Still not involved? Destroy? But in the description of their speeches, every word was deducted? Primitive destruction? Ballistically. The first two paragraphs are ready with arrows and targets, and the third paragraph is naturally broken. Is that clear? Destroy? Words. First, put forward the central argument of the whole paper: People who do things have their roots, and lazy and taboo people also have their names. ? Roll call? Destroy? What is the root of? Idle? With what? Avoid? , from ok? Good people are not good people? Reflect the world wind and prove that the wind was rampant at that time.

2. The article is quoted twice? Speak to the public? What is the point of this example? What are the consequences?

Tip: When you praise or criticize a person, people will not respond with the correctness of the praise or criticism, but according to their relationship with someone. Respondents (friends, people without conflicts of interest, people who are afraid of him) should not behave differently. Thus forming a bad social atmosphere, repairing things, slandering things and ruining the social atmosphere.

3. Han Yu pinned his hope of changing the social atmosphere on? Will it matter? Body, what do you think?

Tip: What does Han Yu hope for? Will it matter? That is to say, leaders who make a difference in the ruling group hope that they will get rid of secular prejudice and not judge others by their social reputation. This expresses Han Yu's personal desire and the desire of the lower intellectuals to make progress by their own efforts.

4. What are the writing features of this article? Please make a brief summary.

Tip:

① This paper uses a lot of contrastive techniques.

For example: ancient and modern? Gentleman? contrast

Function: Contrast makes the nature and characteristics of things more distinct.

② Parallel method is also adopted in this paper.

Parallelism: How much is the third paragraph? Otherwise, otherwise, what if not? Sentences form parallelism.

Function: strengthen the tone of inference, expose the ugly face of today's gentlemen, make the article more imposing and enhance the demonstration effect.

③ This paper also uses rhetorical questions.

For example: yes, not only responsible for the body, but also responsible for the week! Don't treat others lightly! Treating others is already very cheap! It's no exaggeration to blame others!

Function: summarize the previous article, strengthen the tone and similar sentence patterns, form an echo relationship, make the argument more powerful and the article more rigorous.

Seven, problem exploration

1. Some people say that the ancient prose movement in the Tang and Song Dynasties was largely a revival movement of Confucianism. Let's talk about your opinion on the theme of destruction.

Tip: I think this statement makes sense. One of the most important things in Confucianism is that a gentleman should strengthen his moral cultivation and improve himself. In Mourning, what Han Yu wants to discuss is the change of social atmosphere, which is closely related to people, especially intellectuals (gentlemen), especially intellectuals with certain social influence. What if everyone can? Not lazy? 、? No taboos? Then the atmosphere of the whole society will soon become better.

2. The ancient prose movement advocated by Han Yu? What is the combination of literature and Taoism? The point of view. And advocated learning the excellent prose of the pre-Qin and Han dynasties. Talk about your opinion on this.

Tip: There were many Hanzhong in the pre-Qin period. Words are meaningful, words are valuable and innovative? Taking this as a model, the style of writing has been liberated from the flashy parallel prose since the Six Dynasties, and the flashy style of writing that only emphasizes form but not content has been resolutely abandoned, which has achieved fruitful results. Of course, we should not blindly cling to the past, but critically inherit it.

Eight, reading expansion

( 1)

Miss the ancients, Yizheng overseas Chinese. Courtesy to the country, people do not teach, swim in the countryside to learn, everyone clamors. Or children's birth: Destroying township schools will stop. ? Say: No matter what, you can be beautiful. Husband doesn't talk much, but also has his own ambitions. I do good things, but I avoid bad things. For better or worse, I saw it here. Sichuan cannot be prevented, and words cannot be said. If you are deaf, you will fall. ? Since the township schools have not been destroyed, Zheng Guo's statement is reasonable.

In Zhou zhixing, begging for the elderly. And it failed, and the slanderer made the prisoner. The trace of success or failure is impressive. Dimension is the form of children's production and governance. Stop a country if it doesn't meet the requirements. Honesty is the way, the king of the world, making friends and reaching out endlessly. Yuheng! Ignore the four seas, there are princes and no ministers. Who is the heir? I think of the ancients!

Han Yu, ode to a rural school that does not destroy property.

(2)

Mencius said? The problem with people is to be a good teacher? . Below Wei and Jin Dynasties, people benefit rather than be teachers. There are no teachers in this world. Yes, I laughed at it and thought it was crazy. Han Yu, a person, regardless of customs, laughed and scolded, and learned after receiving the phone call. He wrote On Teachers and became a teacher because of his resistance. The world is full of strange fruit and scolds it, pointing to the eyes and pulling it, adding it to the words. The more famous he became, he lived in Chang 'an, could not cook, and was banished to the East. If there is, count. Qu zifu said:? City dogs bark strangely. ? The servant went to the south of Wen Yongshu, where it rained continuously and the days were short, and the dogs barked at sunrise. I think this is an exaggeration. Six or seven years ago, the servant came to the south. In the winter of two years, fortunately, heavy snow crossed the mountains and was captured by several States in South Vietnam. Dogs in several States are yellow, barking incessantly, and crazy people are too tired to believe what they have heard before until there is no snow. Today, Han Yu thinks that it is the day of Shu, and his son wants me to snow. Isn't it sick? If you don't see a doctor alone, you will also disgust my son. However, snow and the sun never intersect, and dogs bark. How many people will scream today? Who dares to show off the crowd and get angry?

Liu Zongyuan's Response to Wei Zhongli's Theory of Teacher's Way

Nine, homework arrangement

With what? You have to succeed first? Write an argumentative essay of more than 800 words on the topic, imitating the argumentative essay structure of Mourning.