Lead: How to write the outline of the paper? This is a topic that most graduates care about, and it is also the key to thesis writing. The following is how to write the outline of the paper I shared. Welcome to read!

First determine the abstract of the paper, and then supplement the materials to form a summary of the full text.

Abstract is the prototype of content outline. Generally, books have abstracts that reflect the contents of the whole book, so that readers can know the general contents of the book as soon as they turn over the abstracts. Before writing a paper, you should also write an abstract of the paper. Before writing a paper, you should list the title, headline and subtitle of the paper, and then insert the selected materials to form a summary of the content of the paper.

Second, the distribution of the number of pages of the original paper.

After writing the abstract of graduation thesis, we should consider the length of the thesis and the number of words to be written in each part of the article according to the content of the thesis. If you plan to write a 50-page original paper (300 words per page), you can consider using 2 pages as the preface, 40 pages as the paper, 1 as the conclusion. 2 pages. This branch will be reissued. If there are five items in this part, the first item can be 3? Page 6, the second item is 7? Page 15, item 3 16? Page 30, item 4: 3 1? Page 40, Item 5: 4 1? 50 pages. With this distribution, it is convenient to equip and organize materials, and writing should be planned. The length of a master's thesis is generally 2.5? 30 thousand words, because it is too short, it is difficult to explain the problem thoroughly, and it should not be too long as a graduation thesis, which is determined by the theoretical basis and practical experience of ordinary master students.

Third, write an outline

Thesis outline can be divided into simple outline and detailed outline. A simple outline is highly generalized, which only shows the main points of the paper, and how to develop it is not involved. Although this outline is simple, it can be written fluently because of its thoughtfulness. Without this preparation, it is difficult to write fluently while thinking. Take "Thoughts on Cultivating and Perfecting the Construction Labor Market" as an example, you can write a simple outline as follows:

I. Introduction

Second, this theory

(A) the current situation of China's foreign trade and the development of cross-border electronic commerce.

(b) cross-border electronic commerce's advantages over traditional international trade.

(C) cross-border electronic commerce to promote the transformation of China's foreign trade resistance

(4) Suggestions on how to use cross-border electronic commerce to promote China's foreign trade transformation (which can also be included in the conclusion).

Three. conclusion

A detailed outline is a detailed list of the main arguments and expanding parts of the paper. If you prepare a detailed outline before writing, you will be able to write more fluently. Let's take "cross-border electronic commerce and China's Foreign Trade Transformation" as an example to introduce the writing of a detailed outline:

I. Introduction

1. Research background and literature review, etc

1. 1 put forward the central topic;

1.2 Explain the writing intention.

Second, this theory

2. The present situation of China's foreign trade and the development of cross-border electronic commerce.

2. 1 China's foreign trade development status

2.2 Development Status of cross-border electronic commerce in China

3. Advantages of cross-border electronic commerce compared with traditional international trade.

3. 1 Policy support

3.2 Optimize the transaction process and improve the transaction efficiency.

3.3 can effectively promote the development of small and medium-sized foreign trade enterprises.

3.3. 1 Increase the foreign trade opportunities of SMEs

cut the cost

3.3.3 Reducing barriers to trade

4. cross-border electronic commerce's resistance to China's foreign trade transformation

4. 1. The supporting system is not perfect.

4.2 Network security credit system needs to be established.

4.3 Lack of e-commerce talents

5. Countermeasures and suggestions for promoting China's foreign trade transformation by using cross-border electronic commerce (it can also be incorporated into the conclusion part, and the content of Chapter VI is slightly reduced)

5. 1 Strengthen the construction of trading platform

5.2 Strengthen the personnel training mechanism (training and introducing talents)

5.3. Establish brand awareness and carry out product innovation.

5.4 Improve the network credit security system

Three. Conclusion (Chapter 5 can also be included as a conclusion)

6. 1 summarizes the future research direction and tasks;

6.2 Echo the preface at the beginning.

The simple outline and detailed outline mentioned above are the skeleton and main points of the paper. Which one to choose depends on the author's needs. If you are thoughtful and meticulous, it is not a big problem to use a simple outline; However, if the investigation is not well thought out, a detailed outline must be used, otherwise it will be difficult to write a qualified graduation thesis. Write graduation anyway? It will be much more convenient to write an outline before the paper.

When drafting the outline of graduation thesis, we should also pay attention to the following questions:

(A) to have a global concept, starting from the whole to check the status and role of each part in the paper. See whether the proportion distribution of each part is appropriate, whether the length of each part is appropriate, and whether each part can serve the central argument.

(2) From the central point of view, decide the choice of materials, and abandon materials that have nothing to do with the theme or have little to do with it without regret, even if these materials are collected by yourself.

(c) Consider the logical relationship between the parts. Beginners often make mistakes in writing papers, that is, arguments and arguments are not necessarily related, and some are limited to repeatedly expounding arguments without practical and powerful arguments; Some materials are many and the arguments are not clear; Some parts do not form an organic logical relationship, so this graduation thesis can not meet the requirements, and this graduation thesis is not convincing. To be convincing, we must have arguments and examples, combine theory with practice, and have strict logic in the argumentation process. We should pay special attention to this point and check it when drafting the outline.

(d) Methods of writing the outline of graduation thesis:

1. Draft the title first;

Write a general argument;

3. Consider the overall arrangement of the whole paper: from several aspects, in what order to discuss the general argument, which is the skeleton of the paper structure;

4. After the big projects are arranged, consider the lower arguments of each project one by one until the paragraph level, and write the argument sentences of paragraphs (paragraphs);

5. Consider the arrangement of each paragraph in turn and code the materials to be used for writing;

6. Make a comprehensive investigation and make necessary additions and deletions.

Knowledge expansion: a model essay on the outline of the paper

subject

Teaching Methods of English Curriculum Reform in Senior High School

abstract

In order to really improve the efficiency of English classroom teaching in senior high schools and promote students' all-round healthy growth, teachers must work hard on teaching methods. This paper expounds senior high school English teaching methods from three aspects: improving teachers' own quality, strengthening the research and practice of teaching methods and students' learning methods, and problems needing attention when using teaching methods.

key word

High school English; Teaching methods; Teachers' quality; question

First of all, teachers should pay attention to improving their teaching quality.

Second, strengthen the research and practice of teaching methods and students' learning methods.

1. Teachers should create for students.

2. Teachers should strengthen students.

3. Teachers should cultivate students? Reading? To read accurately, students must master certain vocabulary and have a certain understanding of the cultural background knowledge of English-speaking countries.

4. Teachers should cultivate students

Third, the use of teaching methods need to pay attention to the problem

In a word, studying teaching methods and learning methods is the specific requirement of the new curriculum reform for senior high school English teachers. Every teacher should actively participate in it, strive to improve himself, create new teaching methods and learning methods, truly become the disseminator of knowledge and the giver of learning methods, and let every student develop in an all-round way and grow healthily.

References:

[1] Zhang Ni. A preliminary study on English classroom teaching in senior high school art classes [J]. Friends of middle school English, 20 1 1, (0 1): 17- 19.

[2] Changjun Zhang. Task-based teaching and autonomous learning? An attempt to combine teaching method with learning method in the new English textbook for senior high school [J]. Campus English, 20 12, (09):34.

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