20 13 12 19 people's daily news: recently, what's the number? K980 1？ A tomb pit of Qin Shihuang Mausoleum with an area of over 13000 square meters is being excavated, which is probably a large arsenal of Qin Shihuang Mausoleum. This news once again focused people's attention on Xi Lintong.
The Terracotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shihuang Mausoleum are a paradise for archaeologists and a fascinating monument for tourists. As the first-hand data of archaeological excavation, Terracotta Warriors and Horses opened a window for us to explore the culture of Qin Dynasty. Qin figurines are a heavy historical book, which contains rich cultural knowledge.
The terracotta warriors and horses showed superb carving skills.
Before the excavation of Terracotta Warriors and Horses, most scholars believed that relief technology was introduced to China in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. The reappearance of terracotta warriors and horses proves that relief technology has developed to a considerable extent in the Qin Dynasty, while realistic sculpture has developed to a higher level in the same period.
Terracotta warriors and horses have extraordinary realistic artistic style. Life-size terracotta warriors and horses are arranged in an orderly way, very much like a huge underground army array, with great momentum. From the local point of view, each statue has been carefully carved and is very realistic. For example, the armor of terracotta warriors and horses, the size and overlapping direction of armor pieces are exactly the same as real ones. But it is different from western realistic works, with certain subjectivity and freehand brushwork. For example, the beards of Qin terracotta warriors and horses fly, tilt and roll up, which is obviously an exaggerated means; Another example is hair, many of which are shaved with tools, and many of which are wavy and have a strong texture like mud. This is freehand brushwork.
The Terracotta Warriors and Horses displayed the image beauty of China people on a large scale.
Technically, Qin Terracotta Warriors broke through the pattern of one thousand people and reached the realm of their own gods. The craftsman first made a shape out of mud and stood up with his hands. The heads of pottery figurines are also roughly outlined with the help of molds, and then carefully carved. ? Father of Terracotta Warriors? Mr. Yuan once spent three months photographing the terracotta warriors, but he didn't find anything exactly the same.
From the face, what is the face of the Terracotta Warriors? Eyes? Glyph,? Shen? Glyph,? Answer? Glyph,? Use? Font, etc. All sentient beings gather, which is a grand view. Even now, the faces of more than one billion people in China can basically be found in the Terracotta Warriors and Horses, in which the image of the Chinese nation is fully displayed and has a strong artistic appeal.
Terracotta Warriors and Horses are the treasure house of military knowledge in Qin Dynasty.
Three terracotta warriors and horses pits have been excavated, and the terracotta warriors and horses pits sit west to east. Product? Glyph arrangement. The Terracotta Warriors Pit is the largest underground military museum in the world. Like a resurrected legion, it shows the original appearance of the battlefield, cavalry, infantry and army in the Qin Dynasty.
For example, officials and soldiers of different ranks are distinguished by armor and crown. The armor of the senior officer figurines is very small and the pattern is very beautiful. The armor of junior officers has no pattern. For example, in the arrangement of the army, the array of Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit No.1 is square and orderly. The pit of Terracotta Warriors No.2 is more complicated, with many arms and postures, including kneeling figurines and vertical shooting figurines. The arrangement of Terracotta Warriors and Horses vividly shows the distribution of the left, middle and right armed forces in Qin Jun, and also enables us to know more about the battle formation in the battle. The second pit shows people how to solve the problem of cooperation between different arms and their different equipment in combat.
The technological level of the Terracotta Warriors is shocking.
The Terracotta Warriors Pit was also a huge armory of the Qin Dynasty. There are more than 10 kinds of weapons unearthed in Qin dynasty, reaching more than100000 pieces, which are well-made and basically bronze weapons. Divided into long weapons, short weapons and long-range weapons. Long weapons are spears, halberds and daggers, short weapons are swords and Wu Gou, and long weapons are bows and crossbows, especially the unearthed beryllium and Wu Gou, which are rare in the history of ancient weapons archaeology.
Qin terracotta warriors and horses are modeled after a complete army. Therefore, the weapons unearthed from the Qin Terracotta Warriors and Horses are the best in the Qin Dynasty. There are many mysteries in the technology of terracotta warriors and horses weapons that deserve further discussion. For example, why didn't bronze swords rust and shine after being buried underground for more than 2000 years? What technology is used to make the moire and flame pattern on the bronze dagger?
The excavation of these weapons proves that as far back as the Qin Dynasty, China's metal smelting technology has reached a considerable height, which is a miracle in the world metallurgical history.
Qin terracotta warriors also show unique value in architecture, clothing, system, especially tomb system.
Terracotta warriors and horses reflect the material achievements of that era and are the crystallization of the wisdom and creativity of the working people in Qin Dynasty. Jacques Chirac, former French Prime Minister, said: I have never been to China without seeing the Terracotta Warriors. What did Qin Terracotta Warriors do? Eight wonders of the world? Let people all over the world marvel and make people in China proud!
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About the author: Yuan, a high school teacher, a backbone teacher in Changchun, and a member of Changchun Writers Association. Engaged in teaching work 12 years, teaching and research work 10 years. Now, Changchun Jingyue Economic Development Zone Education Research Center is a junior high school history researcher. He has published many papers in Changchun Education, Journal of Jilin Education College, History Teaching in Middle School, and many articles in New Curriculum, History of Middle School and Zhuo Zhi Education Online. Author 100 articles on reading Oracle Bone Inscriptions.