Abstract: Opera has always occupied an important position in vocal music teaching, and the two complement each other. How to use opera to improve the quality of vocal music teaching has always been a hot issue in teaching. This paper expounds the role of opera in vocal music teaching, and on this basis, discusses three measures to improve the quality of vocal music teaching.

Keywords: opera; Vocal music teaching; Function; measure

Introducing opera into vocal music teaching can make students experience various singing forms and feel artistic culture, thus improving the vocal music knowledge structure. How to make full use of opera to improve the quality of vocal music teaching has become the focus and difficulty of teaching.

First, the role of opera in vocal music teaching

(A) the introduction of opera to stimulate students' interest in learning. Interest is the most important factor in learning. In vocal music teaching, if students are not interested in vocal music, they can't master vocal singing skills well and improve themselves. Therefore, improving students' interest in learning is the primary and lifelong task of vocal music teaching. Students' interest in vocal music learning is largely related to the works they choose. Opera is now regarded by teachers as the best choice for teaching. There are foreign operas and China operas, both of which have different styles and can meet the needs of different students. In addition, the integration of opera into vocal music teaching classroom also makes the teaching content and methods more diversified and increases the interest of classroom teaching. When teaching vocal music knowledge, teachers can first choose some relatively simple and popular opera works, such as La Traviata and My Dear. These works have distinctive musical images, beautiful melodies and simple catchy phrases. These works can greatly promote the training of students' breath control and grasp the overall music connotation, enhance students' confidence in learning vocal music, and thus improve their interest in learning.

(2) Opera provides a platform for singing training. In vocal music teaching, duet and chorus are the focus of teaching. Compared with solo, they have stricter requirements on pitch and rhythm. Emphasis and chorus are a feature of opera. Opera requires not only the basic characteristics of duet, but also the personality characteristics of the protagonist, which must produce * * * tones and be harmonious. Therefore, in vocal music teaching, teachers should not only teach students the basic skills of duet, but also teach students a variety of singing styles, cultivate students' artistic and cultural literacy and sense of teamwork, and lay a good foundation for building a complete vocal music knowledge structure. Chorus is composed of many people singing the same voice, which requires them to coordinate in pitch and rhythm, while duet is performed by different people, which requires them to have solid musical quality in the highest, middle and low notes. Only in this way can the difficult alto and bass be perfectly interpreted. In specific vocal music teaching, teachers should give students more practical opportunities, which need to be honed in countless failures. After studying hard, students' singing skills will be greatly improved.

(3) Opera provides a platform for cultivating cultural literacy. Opera combines singing and performance to interpret the content of the story, including knowledge of music, performance and dance, as well as literary knowledge. As can be seen from most traditional Chinese opera scripts, many of its materials come from literary works. For example, the opera Carmen originated from the French writer Merimee's Gaman; The opera La Traviata originated from the famous novel La Traviata by a French novelist. China's opera milestone "White-haired Girl" originated from folklore; The opera Jiang Jie originated from the novel Red Rock and so on. These opera works have played a great role in cultivating students' literary accomplishment and aesthetic ability in vocal music teaching. Opera composers combine personal feelings with stories, which makes opera full of drama. Therefore, in vocal music teaching, teachers should guide students to analyze and study their related literary works, and discuss their creative background, culture and music of that era, so that students can use singing skills with the characteristics of the times, accurately express the ideological connotation of opera and convey the beautiful artistic conception of opera. It can be seen that when students sing, they can not only perform opera more perfectly, improve their singing skills, but also improve their cultural literacy.

(4) Opera provides a platform to make singing and piano accompaniment more harmonious. Vocal singing and piano accompaniment are the keys to the successful interpretation of a vocal work. When students sing a piece of music, they should not only grasp the factors of good voice, but also cooperate with piano accompaniment appropriately. It can be seen that while teaching students how to sing, teachers should also let students know the importance of piano accompaniment, teach students to listen to piano accompaniment carefully when singing, and achieve a high degree of tacit understanding with accompaniment in strength, speed and breathing. In opera, the harmony between singer and piano accompaniment is very important. The two are inseparable and work together to achieve a perfect artistic realm. Therefore, it is very effective for teachers to choose opera as a teaching case when teaching students how to cooperate with piano accompaniment. Musical singing is a very important part in vocal music teaching. The success of students' singing is not only related to their own factors, but also related to whether they can cooperate with accompaniment. In short, teachers should consciously cultivate students' coordination ability with piano accompaniment through opera in teaching, and improve students' overall musical literacy.

(5) Opera provides a platform for practice. Opera is a good practice in vocal music teaching. Opera is a musical work performed by many people. It needs a dramatic story, and each story needs the master of the protagonist. The other part of opera is music, and the music in opera needs the cooperation of conductor and musical instruments. Therefore, opera singers not only need to grasp the story well, but also need to perform a perfect interpretation with musical elements on this basis. In vocal music teaching, teachers must understand this feature, properly integrate opera into practice teaching, and cultivate students' practical deductive ability.

Second, the application of opera in vocal music teaching

(1) Guide students to memorize lyrics and melodies. In vocal music classroom teaching, teachers take opera as a case to teach, mainly teaching the singing part of aria in opera. Lyrics and melody are the basis of singing a work, so teachers should first guide students to memorize lyrics and melody in teaching, so as to lay a good foundation for singing a good work. When instructing students to recite lyrics, teachers mainly adopt the teaching methods of reading, reciting and singing. "Reading" guides students to read lyrics emotionally, so that they can feel the beauty of lyrics and practice their sense of language, thus cultivating students' language perception ability; "Nian" reads the lyrics with the structure of the song, feels the meaning of each paragraph, and understands the fluctuation of the characters' thoughts and feelings; "Singing" is accompanied by music, combining words with music, becoming more familiar with the lyrics and fully interpreting the emotions of the works. When instructing students how to memorize melodies, teachers ask students to adopt the method of combining memorization with humming. In other words, students read the music in their hearts while humming, and cooperate with each other to remember the melody. Opera has a story, so the lyrics are catchy and the melody is beautiful and easy to remember. Students can memorize by reading, reading, singing, dictation and humming, thus laying a good foundation for singing.

(2) Guide students to analyze personas. There are many characters in traditional Chinese opera, and the story is profound. Only by correctly understanding the connotation of opera can it be performed perfectly. If the analysis is not in place and the connotation of the opera is not accurately understood, even if the students have a good voice and skilled skills, they will fail because they sing without emotion and insipid. Therefore, in teaching, teachers must help students analyze the characters, mainly from the following two aspects: (1) analyze the "feelings, words and songs" of the repertoire. Emotions expressed by "emotional" writers through songs; "Ci" analyzes the lyrics and carefully studies the meaning and pronunciation of words. Song analyzes the structure and framework of the track. (2) Overall analysis. Starting from the whole opera, this paper studies the creative background, the relationship between characters and the plot of the opera, so that students can understand the characters more deeply. For example, in the opera Carmen, how to show Carmen's gentleness, charm, enthusiasm and frankness, how to show Carmen's arrogance and debauchery, and how to interweave these two completely opposite aspects through voice and body language in Carmen's characterization need teachers to lead students to analyze. In the process of vocal music teaching, teachers help students to analyze the characters in opera, so that students can express their emotions well when singing, make singing more attractive and performance more realistic, and then improve the teaching quality.

(3) Instruct students in breathing and timbre. In opera, there are many characters, which are inextricably linked in status and emotion, and conflicts are inevitable. When singing at this time, you should have emotional fluctuations, full breath and large breathing flow. In addition, there is a lot of space for the stage and venue of the opera. At this time, the singer needs to have enough volume to compete with the accompaniment, and on this basis, the singer is required to have a bright timbre. In practical teaching, teachers guide students to breathe with the method of fast scale, improve their breathing with the method of big jump interval practice, and guide students' timbre with the method of octave or semitone practice and skip practice. For example, when the matador appeared in the opera Carmen, Carmen's girlfriend was required to have an effective range of more than two octaves and a prominent timbre. At this time, the teacher chose the practice methods of fast scale and skipping rope to train students, and the teaching effect was very obvious.

Third, the conclusion

In vocal music teaching, western opera and China opera are the focus of teaching, which is a favorable factor to improve the teaching quality. Opera puts forward higher requirements for vocal music singing, which is also the key factor to cultivate students' actual singing ability. There are many ways for teachers to improve teaching quality by using drama in actual teaching, such as guiding students to memorize lyrics and melodies, guiding students to analyze characters, guiding students to breathe and timbre problems. It has produced good results.

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