Using computer-aided design (CAD) in landscape design can form an organic whole in which scheme design, graphic drawing and engineering budget are interrelated. With the help of computer, the labor intensity of designers can be effectively reduced, and the material consumption of tracing and drawing can be saved. At the same time, when checking the scheme on the computer, it has the advantages of good observability, convenient modification and no destruction of the original scheme. Every time a designer makes an engineering design, he can make useful patterns into blocks and store them in the gallery as garden materials. When there is a similar demand, he can call the materials in the gallery without redrawing, which not only reduces the labor intensity of the designer, but also greatly speeds up the engineering design. Computer aided design can also effectively carry out division of labor and cooperation through networking. In larger projects, landscape designers need to coordinate with architects, structural engineers and professionals such as hydropower and roads. The digital ground model and landscape framework of buildings, plants, roads and other ground scenes are accurately simulated by CAD, and then various materials, light sources and environmental factors are given in the three-dimensional animation software. The camera is used to simulate the rotation and movement of people's normal viewpoints and horizons on the main tour line, forming a series of viewpoint trajectories, so as to achieve the effects of multi-angle, multi-viewpoint and all-round observation and design, so that people can have an immersive sense of reality when communicating with user units, and have a good media and interface. An important factor affecting the wide application of computer technology in landscape design is application software. At present, Photoshop, AutoCAD, 3D MAX, Land designer 3D, 3D Landscape, CASD, topography and so on are mainly used. The computer system can be used to manage the landscape engineering design drawings more scientifically. The completed drawings can be saved on floppy disks, hard disks, or optical disks, or on magnetic tapes, which is not only convenient for reference, but also can be backed up many times, greatly increasing the security of the materials.
Second, the application of computer technology in landscaping industry
1. Application of computer technology in precision agriculture and horticultural greenhouse control management
No matter from the perspective of economic effect or environmental protection, the development trend of landscaping production will definitely develop to precision agriculture. At the same time, landscaping is generally facility cultivation, and large-scale agricultural machinery is not suitable. In addition, the temperature in the greenhouse is high, the relative humidity is high, the place is narrow and the air flow is small, which makes people feel uncomfortable after working for a long time. Therefore, Europe, America, Japan and other developed countries have developed a series of small robots, and now there are grafting robots, seedling robots, pesticide application robots, fertilization robots, greenhouse soilless culture mobile robots and so on. These small robots not only improve productivity, but also meet the requirements of precision agricultural operations. The United States developed an intelligent central computer irrigation system in the 1980s. At present, 3S technology has been successfully combined with computer control to control the flowering and ripening of flowers, fruits and vegetables by adjusting the factors such as light, temperature, water, gas and fertilizer in the greenhouse. Horticultural growers in the Netherlands only need to buy greenhouse control software from software companies and nutrient solution from chemical companies, so they can automatically control according to the characteristics of different crops. Japan has built a plant factory, which is fully enclosed by computer control. At present, the degree of greenhouse automation in China is still very low, and modern greenhouses only account for about 2%.
2. The application of computer technology in modern garden irrigation.
In landscaping design, plant diversity is often used to increase the layering and aesthetic feeling of green belts, so that trees, flowers, lawns and other plants can be planted on the same green space at the same time. Different plants and the same plant have different water requirements at different growth stages. Traditional manual irrigation or rocker sprinkler irrigation can no longer meet these irrigation requirements of modern gardens, which makes the original greening effect in many garden areas unable to be shown. Computer-controlled automatic sprinkler irrigation technology can realize accurate irrigation and greatly save water consumption and labor cost. After adopting automatic irrigation technology, the greening irrigation work of 34 parks in Las Vegas can be managed by only two or three people. In Shanghai, Shenzhen and other cities in China, automatic irrigation equipment is used to irrigate at night regularly to avoid the peak period of urban water consumption and reduce evaporation, and good irrigation results have been achieved.
3. The application of e-commerce in landscaping industry
The core of e-commerce is to integrate production and operation resources and improve business operation mode with the help of modern computer communication technology, especially network technology, so as to improve production efficiency, reduce operating costs, optimize resource allocation and maximize value. Online trading has now become an important means of business operation. As a sunrise industry, landscaping is bound to lag behind traditional industries in terms of commercial channels, circulation system and market management. E-commerce uses network technology to speed up the smooth flow of market information and standardize market order, which is helpful to establish a more open, fair and transparent market system.
4. Application of agricultural simulation system in landscaping
Agricultural simulation system refers to the three-dimensional simulation of crop growth process on computer. At present, virtual crop is an important research direction of soil-crop-atmosphere system and an important subject of information agriculture. Combining crop simulation with intelligent agriculture such as expert system, the growth of horticultural plants in different climate, soil, fertilization, irrigation and varieties can be simulated on computer. Using this simulation system, various parameters of the whole growth cycle of plants can be obtained in a short time, which accelerates people's physiological research and understanding of plant life and partially replaces the traditional experiment of observation and analysis after planting in the field. The crop simulation system can also simulate experiments that are difficult to carry out in the real world. The United States, Britain, the Netherlands, Australia, Japan and other countries have developed dozens of crop simulation models, such as SIMCOT model, COSSYN/COMAX model and SICM model in the United States, ELCROS, SUCROS, ACROS and MACROS in the Netherlands, and China has successively developed computer-aided decision simulation systems such as RCSODS, DECOCA and DSSWPM, which can not only simulate the physiological growth process of crops, but also be used by gardeners. At the same time, the simulation system can also obtain experimental data for the cultivation, improvement and popularization of new varieties. Through the simulation and optimization of phenomena and processes in production, we can achieve the purpose of rational utilization of resources, reducing production costs, improving ecological environment and improving the quality and yield of horticultural plant products.
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