Roughly because of the popularity of knowledge payment in recent years, the whole people have been affected by "knowledge anxiety", which leads everyone to feel that their time is completely insufficient. They have to study hard before they are lucky enough to greet you when they are abandoned by the times.
Under this background, most people think that if we want to be better, we should arrange the limited fixed time in our study, work and life reasonably, which gives birth to the popularity of "time management".
1. What is time management?
Time management refers to the flexible and effective use of time by planning and using certain skills, methods and tools in advance to achieve the established goals of individuals or organizations.
Yes, the most important thing in time management is to use skills, methods and tools to control the use of time. In the long run, skills and methods are important, but fundamentally speaking, time management is a kind of self-management, and the focus is not on time itself, but on one's own thoughts and behaviors.
Time management, management is not time, but yourself!
In order to make efficient use of time in the workplace and life, we must first change our ideas and habits about time, and then change our daily actions. The so-called "self-discipline is freedom" is actually the target state of changing ideas and habits.
Second, how to change the concept of time?
To change the concept of time, we must first make clear what is the biggest enemy.
The biggest enemy of time management is your laziness! It is manifested in more or less procrastination in many things.
2. 1 How to overcome inertia?
Keep app takes "self-discipline gives me freedom" as a tool for boot screen and sports record. The meaning is self-evident. Self-discipline is the best way to overcome inertia, but how to achieve self-discipline?
It is suggested to do self-management from three aspects: first, manage your own mentality, second, manage your own emotions, and third, manage your own actions. Mentality affects emotions, and emotions determine actions, which are interlocking. After all, a good attitude is the beginning of doing a good job.
I often tell myself that if you want to change the present situation of life, you must first change your own ideas, which is the driving force of a person's work. If you think the world is too dark, then everything that happens will make you unhappy, then you lose the motivation to do things; At work, I often encourage myself. Every time I feel like giving up at work, I will tell myself that no job is easy and it is not difficult to start a business once. There is always a way to walk alone in life, and there is always a way to make people cry. Instead of complaining, it is better to adjust your mentality and stick to it.
2.2 How to change the mentality
There are many practical books and courses about mentality management and emotion management, so I won't go into details here, but I will share one thing here. There is a practical technique for managing mentality and emotions. When we take the word "state" apart, it means "having a bigger heart", and the literal meaning is very clear. Everyone has a bigger heart, less entanglement and care, more understanding and tolerance, tolerance for others, and understanding of themselves.
3. What are the time management skills and tools?
How to use the tools and methods of time management to control time after adjusting mentality? Before touching practical tools, let's recall how we spend our time every day.
3. 1 six-question analysis time utilization rate
Life and work are answered by three questions. Have you been doing what you like? Do you have a strong internal motivation to do things? Do you live at your own pace?
Work and triviality are answered from three questions. How much time do you need to work hard? How much time does it take you for a trivial day, not counting the time for desertion and soy sauce? When chickens fly and dogs jump, everything you do is in a state of emergency. Is your day fragmented or pieced together? Minutes are fragmented, and hours are integrated.
I believe many people find it difficult to answer these six questions quickly. That's understandable. After all, not everyone knows time management and self-management. This is also the starting point for me to write this article. I hope that through this article, people who read this article can quickly enter the primary stage of time management, face up to the use of time, operate skills and methods, and make reasonable time allocation and utilization.
The core logic of the above six questions is the visual presentation of personal time utilization. If you can clearly see the efficient time period and time black hole every day, then these questions may be answered in less than 2 minutes. So, how can we find efficient time periods and inefficient "time black holes" every day?
3.2 Time Management Skills 1: Weekly Time Log
As you can see, the daily time is divided into several hours, with seven days a week on the horizontal axis and one day on the vertical axis. Of course, you can divide it more carefully in half an hour, but as a junior time manager, it is recommended to divide it in hours and carefully record how each hour of the day is used in order to summarize the daily time utilization.
As long as the time log lasts for two weeks, we can clearly find the daily time utilization rate, efficient time period and time black hole. This is one of the necessary tools for the introduction of time management. It is simple and practical, and it is persistent in finding the root causes and constantly optimizing to make yourself better.
When you analyze the daily time utilization efficiency, how to optimize and improve it? How to use time more efficiently and make yourself more in control of time?
3.3 Time Management Skill 2: GTD
GTD (more and more? Things? The core logic of Done) is to clear all kinds of things from your mind by recording them, and then arrange them for execution.
The core link is the following five steps: (as shown in the figure)
3.3. 1 collect-collect records (note and list tool)
Human brain memory is limited in a certain period of time. Don't believe that after everything happens, you can still remember clearly, release a big storage load and let your brain concentrate on thinking.
3.3. 1. 1 List and Annotation Tools
Collect and record corresponding tools, such as to-do list, wonderful list, curtain, impression note, ceramic rhyme note, graphite document, etc. , are good tools for collecting and sorting. List tools are mainly used for schedule management and time allocation, recording daily, weekly and monthly events, arranging them for processing in fixed time periods, and releasing the memory storage of the brain; Such as notes, documents, etc., to facilitate the classified collection and data accumulation of transactions and form their own database.
3.3.2 Processing-Classification and Classification (four-quadrant rule and two-minute rule)
Sort out and classify the transactions collected every day, which are generally divided into three categories: scheduled events, fixed events and important events.
Calendar events can be understood as events that occur in chronological order every day and are planned to occur in the workflow, such as daily work plan, completing a certain job, meeting someone and so on.
Fixed things, things that are done regularly every day, such as remembering to punch in and out of work every day, holding meetings or weekly meetings every day, and fixing the work to be done in some posts every day, such as outputting an article in a new media post every day;
Important things, daily, weekly and monthly determine the three most important things respectively. How to determine these three important things depends on a set of tools, such as the four-quadrant rule.
Four quadrant rule
The four-quadrant method divides the work or transaction into four quadrants according to the two dimensions of importance and urgency, that is, the first quadrant: it is both important and urgent and must be completed immediately, otherwise it will affect the work result; The second quadrant: important but not urgent, need to make plans to do; The third quadrant: urgency is not important, and people can be arranged to do it; The fourth quadrant: if it is not important or urgent, try not to do it.
Two-minute rule
In the process of classification, at the same time, it is necessary to rely on the two-minute rule to decide whether temporary events should be dealt with immediately, or to classify them first and then arrange special time to deal with them. The core of the two-minute rule is that if something can be solved in two minutes, whatever it is, it should be done at once; If not, then hurry up and arrange a special time. The advantage of this kind of classification and fast processing can reduce the delay caused by transaction accumulation to some extent.
3.3.3 Plan-Plan Arrangement (Three Frogs Theory, Habit 2 1 Day Effect)
3.3.3. 1 ? Three frogs theory
It is the core logic of the "Three Frogs Theory" to plan and arrange daily, weekly and monthly in advance, advance the progress and make good work plans and arrangements. Similarly, if the three most important things are handled well every week and every month, the rest of the work will be relaxed and stress-free, and life and work will become easy to eat frogs.
3.3.3.2 ? 2 1 day effect of habit
How to eat three frogs every day is a habit-forming method that high-performance people will use. The core logic of habit 2 1 day effect lies in determining the goal in everything, finding the internal driving force (willingness to do things) and finding the strategy to achieve the goal. Sticking to 2 1 day can form a good habit.
3.3.4 Implementation-Resolutely implement (pomodoro technique, Flow Channel)
3.3.4. 1 tomato technology
Execution is the most critical step of GTD and the key to success. Do one thing at a time, neither multithreading nor suddenly interrupting your work. To do one thing, you need to stay focused. The most practical technique is "pomodoro technique". The core logic flow is as follows:
Pomodoro technique needs a tomato clock tool to record. In general, the tomato clock is set to 25 minutes. It can be achieved in advance by evaluating how many tomato clocks are needed to eat a frog. Start at least 1 tomato bell, stay focused, and don't do anything unimportant halfway until the tomato bell rings, rest for 5 minutes and continue the tomato bell. Every four tomato clocks can rest for 65,438+00 minutes, because concentration is also a period of time.
In order to win this game, we need to plan and cultivate concentration with the help of skills, such as setting a fixed work/study period, forming habits, and reducing excessive internal friction caused by the need to choose before starting through the power of habits; For another example, setting specific goals for yourself before starting work/study is a very important step and must not be omitted. Determine this goal by finding the answers to two questions. What do you want during this period of work/study? How long will it take to finish it?
3.3.4.2 ? Cardiac flow passage
When you get a period of concentration, you will work efficiently during this period, and actually enter a state of "flow".
What is "flow"? It is a state of mobilizing one's own ability at a high level in order to complete the task, which is close to a state of high concentration.
As shown in the figure, there is a certain premise to enter the flow state. From the perspective of work challenges and skills, it is easy to enter this state when you reach a balanced state, and it is easy to enter a state of anxiety or boredom when you lose balance.
3.3.5 Review-Review and Inspection (PDCA Cycle Method)
PDCA cycle method
To review and summarize the implementation effect, we need tools to achieve step by step. PDCA cycle method usually reviews the long-term, medium-term and short-term goals, summarizes the good or bad, further finds the optimization method, readjusts the plan, and continuously optimizes the results and outputs, so that you or your team can make progress step by step.
Fourthly, debris time utilization.
Needless to say, after our time system runs for one day, there will inevitably be a lot of fragmented time, which has both subjective and objective reasons, such as distraction caused by temporary work interruption; Because of personal self-discipline, breaks, etc. It is difficult to make up all the time at the end of the day, but the fragmented time is very important for a person's learning and growth. Some people may think that 1 minute, 5 minutes, 10 minutes can't do anything at all, but this is actually a cognitive misunderstanding.
4. 1 learning organization growth model
If we are in a learning organization, then such an organization is composed of a deep learning cycle, that is, through understanding and perception, people's attitudes and beliefs are changed, and then the internal driving force of learning is generated, and then new skills and abilities are acquired, and the overall actual combat level of individuals and organizations is continuously improved.
The time investment and ability level of learning organizations have an improvement curve, which is suitable for most individuals who study. When we come into contact with a new knowledge or skill, there will be a long accumulation period, commonly known as introduction. When you have a basic knowledge structure system, you will quickly understand it and turn it into practical skills when you contact and use it. Of course, every skill has a ceiling.
Dedicated time investment is directly proportional to the improvement of ability, which is the same as 10 thousand hours of theory and deliberate practice. If you want to improve day by day, you must take time to practice deliberately.
4.2 Capacity Improvement 72 1 Rule
Of course, there are many ways to improve ability, but the 72 1 rule of ability improvement is the most instructive.
In the process of all ability improvement, on-the-job practice accounts for 70% of the sources of ability improvement, including action learning, on-the-job practice and guidance from seniors. Exchange and resumption account for 20% of the source of ability improvement, including exchange interviews, cross-border and resumption; Education and training only accounts for 10%, including face-to-face training and online learning. In fact, knowledge payment, which emerged in recent two years, accounts for a small proportion in the improvement of ability, which is why more and more people are more and more anxious after class, ignoring that the important way to acquire ability is action and practice.
What do we need to find after we understand the relationship between ability improvement and time and the main ways to improve ability? That is, "internal drive." Ability improvement requires self-discipline, which is anti-human and needs deliberate practice.
4.3 Looking for internal driving force?
Why get up early?
Why do you want to improve yourself?
Why delay?
Many times, we only pay attention to our own time and things, but ignore our real thoughts. Only when you know why will you know how to do and what to do.
By constantly asking yourself why, finding the internal driving force to improve yourself and finding the source of the internal driving force, everything is easy to enter the heart flow channel.
4.4 Judge what is important to you.
After finding the internal driving force, you need to judge what is more important to you. You need short-term, medium-term and long-term standards. This standard comes from your values and life planning, which determines what kind of person you want to be in the future.
Self-evaluation can be analyzed with the help of three key words: comfort zone, study zone and panic zone, and such a circular chart can be made. Everyone can easily list the jobs or skills in the comfort zone. This interval means that doing these things will not make you feel stressed and anxious, and you often control the outcome of things; The learning area represents that the ability in this area needs to be improved rapidly, which may have already started, but it still needs to be improved. It has a desire to improve its skills in this field and cannot effectively control the outcome of things. Jobs or skills in panic areas are very scarce, but they will be encountered occasionally, which will make people feel anxious and stressed, but it takes courage to break through.
Step out of the comfort zone and move towards a wider world.
4.6 Reflection on the Utilization of Debris Time
1 minute, 5 minutes, 10 minutes what can I do?
When you figure out how to use such fragmented time, you will feel that your time has increased several times at once, and you will no longer worry about what I can do with such a little time, and you will not waste time because of the fragmentary time every day. There is no difference between 1 day and 1 month, but the difference between 1 year and 5 years will become more and more obvious.
4.7 Set aside a whole time and forgive yourself.
Studies have shown that when you pick up your mobile phone, the frequency of swiping WeChat and Weibo is about 6 minutes, that is, your time is cut into 6-minute intervals. You can install an APP like moment on your mobile phone, and it is easy to analyze your habits of using your mobile phone. There are two suggestions to improve this situation, which can create shielding space and set aside a whole time in the morning and evening to deal with things that need to be completed for a long time.
To a certain extent, we should know ourselves, accept the reality that no one is perfect, accept a short drift, don't blame ourselves too much, and know how to adjust in time.
Here is a very inspirational formula, which is enough to prove the compound interest effect of your long-term efforts in the future. It seems that subtle differences have a great influence on the results.
So in the final analysis, time management is one's own mentality management, one's own emotional management, and the most important performance is self-discipline.