In recent years, Sino-US economic and trade relations have generally shown a trend of sustained development. On the one hand, under the new situation of China's accession to the WTO, both sides attach great importance to deepening and expanding Sino-US economic and trade development, and frequent high-level strategic dialogues and inter-departmental contacts between the two countries have enhanced understanding and trust. On the other hand, the sustained high-speed growth of China's economy and the recovery of the US economy have also created a relaxed external environment for Sino-US economic and trade development. 1. Bilateral economic and trade cooperation and development continue to expand. According to China Customs statistics, the trade volume between China and the United States in June 2002 was $51.031.300 million, of which exports to the United States were $36.299 billion, up by 1.3% and 21.3 respectively. Imports from the United States reached US$ 65.438+04.733 billion, down 654.38+0.2% year-on-year. Since the beginning of this year, American direct investment in China has maintained rapid growth, and continues to rank first among all countries in terms of investment in China. From June to June, 65438, the number of American direct investment projects in China was 1457, with a contract value of US$ 4.357 billion, and the actual use of US capital was US$ 2.454 billion, up by 18.7%, 17.4% and 19.7% respectively. American investment in China has three remarkable characteristics: first, the actual investment is high; Second, the single investment is high; Third, the investment ratio in manufacturing industry is significant. There are two reasons for the strong trend of American investment in China: China's huge market space, healthy economic development and improvement of investment environment, and American businessmen's good expectations for China after China's entry into WTO. 2. Unfavorable factors restricting the development of Sino-US economic and trade relations (1) The return of American trade protectionism has strengthened the protection of its domestic industries. Since 200 1 economic growth slowed down, American exports have continued to decline. Although the economy began to recover slowly in 2002, the downward trend of its global trade has not been fundamentally improved. From June to July, US exports of goods and services fell by 7.4% year-on-year. In addition, this year's mid-term elections were held in Congress. For the benefit of the party, * * * and the party need to win the support of domestic industries. Therefore, the Bush administration gradually retreated from its trade policy and strengthened the tendency of trade protectionism. The "20 1" clause restricting steel imports has been implemented successively, and a new agricultural subsidy bill has been promulgated. Although this steel safeguard measure is not specifically aimed at China, it also directly affects China's annual steel export of $370 million. There are indications that trade protection in the United States is getting worse, and measures will be taken to add more provisions to protect the rights and interests of domestic workers in future trade agreements, so as to expand the interests of domestic manufacturing sectors such as steel, textiles, automobiles and shipbuilding. The expansion of interest protection in the steel and textile industries in the United States will have a negative impact on our exports. (2) Putting pressure on China through the inter-agency monitoring procedure and the China performance evaluation report. This year is the first year of China's accession to the WTO, and the US government regards monitoring and urging China to fulfill its WTO commitments as its long-term primary goal of trade policy. At present, an intergovernmental organization coordinated by the Office of the United States Trade Representative and supervised by the Committee of the Bush Administration's Working Group on Trade Policy has been established. This institution includes three levels: working group and Subcommittee; Trade Policy Review Group; National Economic Committee of Congress. Mainly rely on the Ministry of Commerce, the Ministry of Agriculture, the State Council, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Labor and the US Patent and Trademark Office to collect information and make an evaluation. In June, 2002, the US-China Security Review Committee published a report on the impact of US-China economic relations on US national security, and concluded that China had delayed and uncoordinated tax rate arrangements, promulgated unscientific laws and regulations on biotechnology that affected trade, failed to strictly abide by the regulations that were beneficial to foreign insurance companies, and had restrictive measures in the field of express delivery services. The United States indicated that it would raise the discussion in the WTO China transition review mechanism at the end of the year. It can be predicted that China will face greater pressure in future bilateral economic and trade negotiations. (3) The US trade deficit with China will continue to be a sensitive issue. On the issue of trade imbalance, both sides admit that there are differences in trade statistics. In the long run, with the gradual increase of China's imports from the United States, the trade imbalance between China and the United States will be improved. However, in the short term, due to the gradual opening of China market and the reality of high nominal tariff rate and low actual tariff rate, it is unrealistic to expect American goods and services to enter China market in large quantities at once. American exporters are unwilling to face up to this reality, so when the export growth is not as fast as expected, various pressures come one after another and even turn into trade wars. The trade deficit is a sensitive topic in the United States, which has spawned many debates, including questioning the strong dollar policy and so on. Among them, the mainstream is the most serious trade deficit with China, because the China market is not open, and China's exports to the United States should be strictly restricted. According to statistics from the United States, the US trade deficit continued to climb in 2002, reaching $25331700 million in June and July, an increase of 5. 5%, of which the trade deficit with China was US$ 52.472 billion, up by 17.6%, ranking first among all countries. The anti-dumping and countervailing struggle between China and the United States should not be ignored. The United States has neglected the reality of the establishment and perfection of China's socialist market economic system. For many years, the article 13 16 of the comprehensive trade and competition law of the United States has been cited, that is, "the conclusion that any foreign country is recognized as a non-market economy country is still valid until the administrative organ makes a decision to cancel the conclusion" and the investigation. The United States discriminatorily insists that China is a "non-market economy country", which seriously harms the interests of enterprises and products in China. As of 200 1 September, the United States against China.