Keywords: civil architecture; HVAC system; Energy-saving design
HVAC system is an important part of modern civil buildings, and it is also one of the core links of building energy consumption. Therefore, the energy-saving effect of HVAC system will directly affect the overall energy consumption of civil buildings, and designers must attach great importance to the energy-saving design of HVAC system. Designers should simply follow the basic principles of energy-saving design, reasonably select energy-saving HVAC equipment according to the actual situation of civil buildings, optimize the operation mode of HVAC system, actively adopt new energy-saving control devices, make full use of clean energy and renewable new energy, and comprehensively improve the energy-saving effect of HVAC system in civil buildings, thus promoting the sustainable development of China's construction industry.
Summary of HVAC system 1 energy-saving design for civil building engineering
1. 1 To provide users with a comfortable and healthy space environment. In the energy-saving design of HVAC system in civil buildings, we should adhere to the people-oriented principle, reduce energy consumption on the basis of ensuring the normal function of HVAC system, and provide people with a more comfortable and healthy space environment.
1.2 The design goal should be to save energy and reduce consumption. With the continuous development of human society and economy, the shortage of resources has become increasingly prominent, which has become an important bottleneck factor restricting the realization of sustainable economic development. The construction industry is a traditional energy-consuming industry, especially the energy consumption generated by HVAC system is the main component of the total energy consumption of civil buildings. Therefore, designers must take energy saving and consumption reduction as the fundamental starting point of energy saving design of HVAC system, not only to reduce energy consumption, but also to reduce its impact on the surrounding environment.
2. Effective methods for energy-saving design of HVAC systems in civil construction projects.
2. 1 realize energy saving by reasonably selecting frequency conversion equipment. Through summing up practical experience, it is found that the energy consumption generated by motors, pumps and fans of HVAC systems in civil buildings accounts for about 20% of the total energy consumption of civil buildings. Therefore, when designing an energy-saving HVAC system, designers should fully understand the actual situation of civil buildings and the relevant operating parameters of the HVAC system, and reasonably select HVAC equipment with frequency conversion function, so that the operating frequency of the equipment can be adjusted accordingly according to the actual operating conditions of the HVAC system, so as to achieve the purpose of saving energy and reducing consumption.
2.2 Through the rational use of heat recovery technology, to achieve the purpose of energy saving. Because the HVAC system of civil buildings will generate a lot of heat and release it into the air during operation, which will cause serious energy waste. Therefore, designers should concentrate on recovering this part of heat through the application of heat recovery technology, and then provide the required hot and humid environment for the operation of HVAC system by fluid conduction, so as to realize the energy recycling in HVAC system and effectively reduce the energy consumption of HVAC system [2]. In addition, for the energy consumption generated by HVAC system during ventilation, the collected and stored energy can also provide energy for air exchange treatment through heat recovery technology. In the design practice, the designer can set the heat exchanger at the indoor air outlet of civil engineering, so that when taking air indoors and outdoors, the air can be precooled and preheated by using the residual temperature or waste heat of HVAC system, thus reducing the energy consumption and energy load of HVAC equipment.
2.3 through the rational use of cold and hot water circulation control mode, to achieve the purpose of energy saving. When designing HVAC cold and hot water systems for civil buildings, designers should use temperature regulating devices to adjust the inlet and outlet water temperatures, so as to reduce the energy consumption caused by the temperature difference between cold and hot water. Designers can also choose closed cycle mode for energy-saving design of air conditioning system, so that energy can be recycled in air conditioning system. Because this design method can simply realize circular operation by setting water pump and provide convenient conditions for the maintenance of HVAC system, it can not only reduce the loss of air conditioning equipment, but also reduce the waste of energy [3]. In addition, designers should also set temperature control equipment outside civil buildings to improve the timeliness and effectiveness of temperature control.
2.4 Through the rational layout of HVAC system, the purpose of energy saving can be achieved. In the design of HVAC system in modern civil buildings, designers should constantly optimize the piping layout of the system, not only simplify the piping arrangement as much as possible, but also realize independent control of temperature and humidity in different rooms, so that users can adjust the HVAC system individually according to their actual needs, which can not only effectively reduce the energy consumption of HVAC system, but also make users more reasonable in terms of expenses.
2.5 Achieve the purpose of energy saving through rational use of combined energy supply technology. In the design of HVAC system in modern civil engineering, designers should make rational use of natural gas as energy base according to the actual situation. Natural gas is a kind of clean energy. Designers can use natural gas to provide electricity for users through cogeneration technology, and then make full use of the waste heat of power generation to heat or cool civil buildings, so as to achieve the purpose of regulating indoor temperature. This co-supply technology can effectively reduce the impact of HVAC system on the environment, make full use of resources and effectively reduce energy consumption.
2.6 through the rational use of new energy technologies, to achieve the purpose of energy saving. With the continuous development and maturity of new energy technology in China, designers should actively use new energy to carry out energy-saving design of HVAC systems in order to achieve the purpose of energy saving and consumption reduction.
2.6. 1 Rational utilization of ground source heat pump technology. In recent years, ground source heat pump technology has gradually attracted widespread attention in society, and has been more and more widely used in HVAC systems of civil construction projects. The so-called ground source heat pump technology mainly refers to the use of shallow geothermal resources as the energy base for building heating and cooling. Because geothermal energy is mainly located in shallow underground space, it is less affected by seasonal changes and can maintain a relatively stable temperature. Therefore, the HVAC system of civil buildings can use geothermal energy as a cold source in summer, and transfer the heat of indoor environment of the building down to the stratum through the ground source heat pump; Geothermal energy can also be used as the winter heat source of HVAC system in civil buildings, and the heat can be transferred to the lower temperature position through ground source heat pump. In addition, the ground source heat pump can also be used as a heat storage device of HVAC system, which can make full use of energy and effectively reduce energy consumption and waste. Therefore, designers can use ground source heat pump technology to achieve the purpose of energy-saving design according to the actual situation of civil buildings.
2.6.2 Rational utilization of solar energy technology. At present, China has made great progress in solar energy technology, and the effective utilization of solar energy can be achieved in both active and passive ways. Because the technology of solar active utilization system is complex, the level of designers is high, and the design and construction costs are relatively high, so the promotion in design practice is limited. In contrast, solar passive application system has the advantages of simple structure and wide application range. Designers can design the system according to the structural characteristics and orientation of civil buildings, and make comprehensive use of solar heat collecting walls, heat collecting plates and photovoltaic panels to realize the purpose of using solar energy as energy for HVAC systems and achieve the design goal of saving energy and reducing consumption.
3 Conclusion
With the improvement of people's living standards and the enhancement of awareness of energy conservation and environmental protection, new requirements are put forward for the design of HVAC system in civil buildings. Designers must enhance their awareness of energy-saving design. On the basis of ensuring the normal operation of HVAC system in civil buildings, through the rational use of various new technologies, new equipment and new energy, they can reduce the energy consumption of HVAC system, reduce environmental pollution, improve energy-saving effect, provide users with a comfortable and healthy space environment, and realize the sustainable development of China's civil construction industry.
refer to
[1] Dong. Discussion on energy-saving design measures of HVAC system in civil buildings [J]. Scientific and technological innovation and application, 20 19 (18): 97-98.
[2] Zhang Peng. Discussion on energy-saving design measures of HVAC system in civil buildings [J]. Jushe, 20 18 (33): 90.
[3] Roche. Exploration on HVAC design of civil buildings based on energy-saving concept [J]. Engineering Construction and Design, 20 16 (12): 23-24.
[4] Liu Lihua. Study on energy-saving design measures of HVAC system in civil buildings [J]. Heilongjiang Science and Technology Information, 20 15 (28): 183.
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