The information in parentheses refers to the information quoted by the source. Explain that this conclusion or data in the literature is supported by other literature and research papers. In addition,

Name-the name of the main author, the higher the ranking, the greater the dominant position in the literature;

Numbers-four digits followed by the name, such as 1997 and 1990, are the publication year of the document; The number followed by the year is the number of pages in the document. Depending on the excerpt, sometimes the number of pages is not displayed.

As your first example:

(Fleming, Bot, Wood1997; Giles, Blackstone and Weining 2008; Link1995; Mcguire and Stimson 2004; Mishler and Shane 1993, 1994,1996; Stimson, Ma Kun and Eriksson 1995)

The theory or data or research mentioned in the sentence or paragraph after this bracket is supported by the following documents.

1. Fleming, Bot and Wood 1997

2. Giles, Blackstone and Weining 2008

3. Link 1995

4. mcguire and Stimson 2004

5. Mishler and Sheehan 1993, 1994, 1996.

6. Stimson, Ma Kun and Eriksson 1995