Theme of the poem: The poet did not describe the old horse in detail, but focused on its fate, feelings and state of mind, which enhanced the appeal of the old horse's tragedy. The old horse can be understood here as a symbol of the suffering peasants in old China. The more poets describe Ma Lao's humiliation, kindness and loyalty, the more they can arouse readers' sympathy for the oppressed peasants and arouse their anger and curse against the old system and the exploiting classes.
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Bian was an important poet of the New Poetry School in 1930s. Out of chapter, written in 1935, is Bian's masterpiece. Although this poem has only four short lines, it tries to explain profound truth with concise images. Through the epiphany of "landscape", the poet got involved in the philosophical proposition of "relativity". "You stand on the bridge and watch the scenery", but compared with the people upstairs, "you" on the bridge is the scenery in their eyes, and they "watch you upstairs". "The bright moon decorated your window", but compared with those who dreamed of "you", "you" decorated their dreams like the bright moon outside the window.
Literally, this poem is very simple, as if it can be understood after reading it once. But after reading it, I didn't fully understand it. It seems that there is a deep truth hidden in simple words. Li Jianwu, a scholar and translator, believes that this poem is an essay about the word "decoration", suggesting that life is just mutual decoration, including helpless sadness. Bian Zhilin himself disagreed. He said, "This is a lyric poem ..... a moment of artistic conception, written with a feeling of surpassing but cherishing. I like to think that people and things in the world are closely related, interdependent and interactive. People (you) can see the scenery, or they may decorate it intentionally or unintentionally; People (you) can see the bright moon decorating their windows, or they may consciously or unconsciously become decorations in other people's dreams. " He said, "I mean, pay attention to relativity." In this way, the poet's main intention is to intentionally or unintentionally express the relative relationship between people and things. Such an abstract philosophy can be expressed through such short, easy-to-understand and vivid poems, and its superb performance skills are admirable. Of course, this poem can also be read as a love poem, which is more in line with the psychological characteristics of middle school students and can arouse their interest in reading and exploring.