I. Historical Review This year marks the 90th anniversary of the May 4th patriotic movement. 19 19 At the end of April, the China government, as a victorious country, failed in diplomacy at the Paris Peace Conference, and its status as a victorious country was despised by the great powers. The rights and interests illegally acquired by the defeated German in Shandong, China were transferred to Japan by the Peace Conference, and the people of China were hit hard again. 19 19 On the afternoon of May 4th, more than 3,000 students from Beijing 13 school gathered in front of Tiananmen Square, demanding "fighting for sovereignty abroad and punishing the national thief at home", "refusing to sign a peace treaty", "boycotting Japanese goods", "canceling Article 21" and "returning to Qingdao". The students read out the Declaration of Beijing Student Association. Finally, the movement ended in the victory of the masses, that is, the May 4th Movement in a general sense. In the history of modern mass movements in China, the May 4th Movement is undoubtedly a content that should be rewritten. Revolutionary leaders have written articles to commemorate this great movement. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), China also designated May 4th of each year as Youth Day as a grand commemoration. Second, the influence of the May 4th Movement on the constitutional democratic process in China We generally regard the May 4th Movement as a simple patriotic youth movement or a patriotic mass movement led by the proletariat. In fact, the May 4th Movement can be described and interpreted from different angles. We can regard it as a historical event or an important historical process. As a historical process, the May 4th Movement is the concentrated generation of the democratic spirit and the vitality of the rule of law culture since the collapse of the autocratic government, marked by institutionalized Confucianism, and the peak and result of the New Culture Movement. It holds high the banner of anti-tradition, fiercely criticizes and reflects the traditional culture of China dominated by Confucianism, and holds high the scientific and democratic spirit upheld by the New Culture Movement. Since then, Mr. De and Mr. Sai have been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people in China, and democracy has become the main theme of China's social and political progress. Since then, the democratic political process in China has had a deeper social foundation. As an event, we can never deny its patriotic passion. However, when we pull our thoughts back from this vigorous history, we will find that although the movement time is very short, it more reflects the intersection and confrontation of two different civilizations. This short time has created a history, which is another outstanding peak in the history of China for thousands of years. Since then, although discordant voices have always existed, the voices of constitutionalism and democracy have spread more widely in China society, which shows that the concept of democracy has been accepted in China and constitutional thought has taken root. Therefore, the spirit of the May 4th Movement has also become the people's spirit and the national spirit. The May 4th Movement popularized democratic ideas and accelerated the pace of constitutional democracy in China. Chen Duxiu, Li Dazhao, Lu Xun, Hu Shi and other famous athletes in the May 4th Movement paid close attention to the political development trend of the country and the nation with the unique keen thinking of intellectuals, and all hoped to point out a clear path for China from a deep level in the intersection of Chinese and Western cultures. So they established their own value system and designed directions and signposts for the country and the nation. Many thinkers feel the pulse of minority patients, and the result finally comes down to the ideological and cultural level. Democracy and science have become a golden therapy. Since then, democracy has become the irresistible direction of China's history and the main value orientation of political system design. The influence of the May 4th Movement on later China society was mainly the spirit of democracy, which included the most basic value pursuits of modern society, such as equality, freedom and the rule of law. After the May 4th Movement, for the people of China who suffered from feudal autocracy, democracy is a new political civilization, an advanced social system, a brand-new social life style, a new social spirit and the direction and hope of China society. Democracy is a new cultural symbol, and different people in China have different interpretations of its connotation according to their own understanding. The prerequisite for democracy is to confirm the existence of a constitutional system in which the law is supreme. Democracy itself contains the spirit of the rule of law and requires the realization of constitutionalism. The development of China's constitutionalism can be divided into two levels: system and ideology and culture. The constitutional process at the institutional level began in the late Qing Dynasty. Although it was a last resort, the Outline of the King James Constitution and the Nineteen Creeds promulgated by the Manchu government finally took the first step of constitutional civilization. The democratic revolution led by Sun Yat-sen overthrew the autocratic rule of the Manchu dynasty. After the Revolution of 1911, Sun Yat-sen's grand revolutionary ideal was almost synchronized with the New Culture Movement. After the founding of the Republic of China, a series of laws such as the Provisional Constitution of the Republic of China were promulgated and implemented, and the institutional framework of a constitutional democratic country was basically established. However, most of these laws have not been effectively implemented, and the constitutional system has been dismantled and changed. Compared with the expected goal, the degree of system design of China people's early constitutional movement is only half the effort. The reason is the lack of a correct understanding of democracy and constitutionalism in the depths of the people's minds. On the cultural level, China's understanding of western advanced constitutional culture predates the formulation of legal texts and the establishment of systems. However, under the yoke of feudal autocracy, people's thoughts are still frozen as a whole. The May 4th Movement moistened things silently, breaking the ice of China's thought and culture, and the constitutional democratic thought became popular. The May 4th Movement laid the most solid foundation for the construction of constitutional democracy in China. The May 4th Movement put forward the slogan of "striving for sovereignty from abroad", which strengthened people's awareness of their dominant position and reflected the fundamental change of people's understanding of the country. The theory of sovereignty originated from the bourgeois revolution in modern Europe and America, which emphasized the external independence and internal supreme power of a government. In the history of China, the society practiced family governance, with no distinction between public and private affairs, and the family and the country were interlinked. This country is a family country, and the world is dominated by one person. Domestically, China has no concept of sovereignty. If there is sovereignty, it is also sovereign sovereignty. The survival of the regime is the emperor's family affair, and the subjects are only the ruled. The slogan of "sovereignty" put forward by the May 4th Movement was put forward against the background that Manchu was overthrown and the Republic of China was founded. Although the participants in the movement emphasized the external independence of national sovereignty, putting pressure on the government to change its policies through the movement also reflected the people's sovereignty thought and the status of the sovereign. In modern times, although mass movements broke out constantly, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom movement was a struggle for power in China's traditional revolutionary cycle, and the Boxer Movement only used anti-Westernization as a signboard to crack down on foreigners' arrogance, and neither of them raised the issue of sovereignty. Therefore, they are not necessarily related to the constitutional democratic process in China. On the contrary, the May 4th Movement reflected the participants and even the whole society's re-understanding of the ownership of national sovereignty, which was the flowering result of the idea that sovereignty belongs to the people and the complete decline of imperial power. It is also a sign that China's social and political tradition has changed from imperial power to civil rights, and it is the result of the spread of democratic constitutional thought at the end of 19 and the beginning of the 20th century. In this movement, the people's dominant position has been greatly demonstrated. The May 4th Movement protested the incompetence of the government in the form of street demonstrations, which opened a precedent for democratic politics in China. Although there were violent plots such as burning Zhao Jialou and beating Zhang Zongxiang in the movement, this cannot deny the position of the May 4th Movement in the history of democratic constitutional development, because any mass movement is likely to get out of control, and it is more likely to happen in an emotional situation, even in today's organized mass movement. However, as far as the May 4th Movement is concerned, it got rid of the traditional violent ways such as uprising and assassination, but took the form of street demonstrations, which is an expression of political democracy, which in itself is a kind of progress. Of course, the government's concessions also reflected the spirit of democracy. At least democracy, as a trend, had occupied an important position in the society at that time. Democracy is the basic value pursuit of constitutionalism, and constitutionalism is the basic way to realize democracy. The May 4th Movement was an ideological movement, which greatly expanded the idea of constitutional democracy and laid a solid foundation for the birth of China's * * * production party and the formation of China's new democratic constitutional line. The influence of the May 4th Movement on the process of constitutional democracy in China is multifaceted and far-reaching. The democratic ideas it spread penetrated into the minds of the people, and at the same time left us with long-term and rich ideas. On the occasion of commemorating the 90th anniversary of the May 4th Movement, I hope that the vigorous spirit of the May 4th Movement will inject more vitality into our democratic construction today.