A 3000-word paper on teachers' mental health: an analysis of teachers' mental health
This paper expounds the narrow definition of teachers' mental health, the psychological explanation of conflict and the influence of conflict on people's mental health. What are the eight causes of teachers' mental health? Conflict? The conflict between social expectations and the attributes of ordinary people; The conflict between labor intensity and its own value; The conflict between educational reform and individual ability; The conflict between social identity and self-identity; The conflict between professional nature and professional value; The conflict between educational evaluation and educational ideas; The conflict between work independence and collective cooperation; Conflict between role adaptation and individual adaptation.
Keywords: causes of teachers' mental health conflicts
According to the definition of mental health in psychology, the narrow sense of teachers' mental health refers to teachers' ability of self-regulation, self-coordination and self-improvement when facing educational problems, which is manifested in two aspects: the self-coordination function of individuals when educational requirements contradict personal needs; When personal desire conflicts with educational ability, personal self-balancing function. ? Conflict? It is a psychological state in which several motives coexist and struggle with each other. [1] German psychologist Lei Wen pointed out that conflict refers to an ambivalent psychological state when there are two or more opposing or mutually exclusive motives in an individual's purposeful behavior. There are three kinds of most common psychological conflicts: one is bi-directional conflict, which means that a person is attracted to two goals at the same time, which is a psychological state that you can't have both. The second is double avoidance conflict, which means that a person is rejected by two unattractive targets at the same time, which is a psychological dilemma. Thirdly, avoiding conflict refers to the psychological dilemma that a person is attracted by a goal and rejected by it. In real life, the conflicts faced by individuals are much more complicated and often difficult to solve. The higher the ability, the better the conditions, and the easier it is to be troubled by psychological conflicts. Conflict easily causes psychological stress and affects people's emotional and mental health. Based on the following points. Conflict? This psychological concept explores the causes of teachers' mental health:
First, the conflict between social expectations and personal abilities.
Society has set a standard for a good teacher. In addition to preaching, teaching and dispelling doubts, teachers should be knowledgeable and have a sound and noble personality. As a teacher, social responsibility is great. I am responsible for the country, the society, the school and all the students' families, and I am responsible for dozens of students. With the increase of the only child in China, the society pays more and more attention to the education industry. Parents can't afford to lose in the education of the only child, and they have strong expectations for the education of teachers.
In this case, teachers have a heavy psychological burden. But we also know that teachers themselves are ordinary people and have individual differences. After all kinds of efforts, teachers can't achieve the expected social goals, and they will have negative emotions such as anxiety, irritability and evasion, which will lead to psychological problems.
Second, the conflict between labor intensity and its own value [2]
Teachers have long working hours, heavy tasks and great pressure. Teachers in junior and senior high schools mostly spend 12- 14 per week. Preparing lessons, attending lectures and correcting homework are the basic teaching links of teachers. In addition, political study, professional study, counseling and individual interviews make teachers have little leisure time from morning till night. In some higher vocational colleges, there is a shortage of teachers for some professional courses because of the need to open new majors according to the needs of society. Many teachers are overloaded with teaching. Many teachers teach about 16 classes a week, and some even reach more than 20 classes. The expansion of enrollment in colleges and universities has increased the workload of in-service teachers, and at the same time, it has to undertake considerable scientific research tasks. In this case, the teacher has to work overtime. The nature of teachers' labor determines that teachers' work cannot be counted as 8 hours. ? Go out early and return to Dai Yue late? It is a true portrayal of teachers' life. However, it is also an unavoidable fact that the high reward of teachers' profession and the low reward that does not match it have caused a strong psychological gap. Teachers' own value is not always in direct proportion to their labor, which will lead to obvious complaints and psychological imbalance.
Third, the conflict between social identity and self-identity
Teachers work with people. Ten years of trees, a hundred years of people? It is difficult to truly reflect the recent achievements of teachers' labor. The society can't identify with teachers' work in time, teachers' sense of accomplishment can't be satisfied in time, teachers' pay and reward are unbalanced in a short time, and the lack of sense of accomplishment makes teachers' work attitude negative, cold, impatient, self-respecting and shrinking. , it is easier to form teachers' job burnout.
Fourth, the conflict between professional nature and professional value.
Now the standard of social professional evaluation is close to money, especially the salary of civil servants has increased recently, but the social status and material treatment of teachers are not? Not satisfied? The direct consequence is that teachers have doubts about their professional value and their sense of value is confused. However, the professional nature of teachers requires teachers to be selfless, and society often requires teachers to be model citizens, abide by professional ethics, and only seek dedication, not enjoyment. This makes the professional nature of teachers conflict with the trend of professional value, which increases the difficulty of teachers' adaptation. [3]
Five, the conflict between educational evaluation and educational ideas [2]
We know that the purpose of education is not only to teach students knowledge, but also to teach them to be human beings. However, in China's current education system, there is objectively a contradiction between the quality education evaluation system and the exam-oriented education evaluation system; The contradiction between the evaluation standard of education itself and the evaluation standard of parents and school management. Most schools evaluate teachers' performance by students' grades. This evaluation method pays attention to the final result, but ignores the efforts made by teachers to change students' ideological and moral, outlook on life, values and behavior habits. Ignore the efforts and sweat of teachers besides students' academic performance. Using students' grades to evaluate teachers' performance makes some teachers feel unfair and depressed.
At present, the professional title is almost the most important external expression of teachers' personal education evaluation, so the obstruction of professional title evaluation is also an important reason for teachers' psychological fluctuation. In recent years, the evaluation of teachers' professional titles is more and more linked with academic qualifications, which requires certain papers and scientific research results. Foreign language and computer tests have become the necessary conditions for evaluating professional titles. This also leads to teachers? Tired of running? It is difficult to devote all your energy to teaching.
Six, the conflict between work independence and collective coordination
The way teachers work determines that their work is characterized by the combination of individuality and collectivity. Teachers prepare lessons, attend classes, give guidance, talk with students, make home visits, etc. All by yourself, especially in class. It is impossible for two people to teach the same class in the same classroom at the same time. Although the country has a unified teaching plan, syllabus and teaching materials, each teacher is different in implementation, and the ways and means to complete the education and teaching tasks also have their own characteristics and styles. However, the individualization of teachers' work does not mean that all educational and teaching tasks can be completed by one teacher's work. On the contrary, it depends on the joint efforts of all teachers. [4] This way of working makes teachers face multiple interpersonal relationships. Whether the relationship between teachers and students, other teachers, parents of students, school leaders and other administrative personnel is harmonious, whether they can support and cooperate with each other and form a good, equal, happy and mutual psychological atmosphere is also very important for teachers' mental health.
Seven, the conflict between the role of teachers and the role of ordinary people.
The nature and object of teachers' work determine the complexity and diversity of teachers' professional roles. Teachers are not only students' teachers, but also students' friends, and often act as their parents. Teachers are not only the imparting of students' knowledge, but also the shaper of students' personality, the coordinator of students' interpersonal relationship and the counselor of psychological problems. As far as society is concerned, teachers are the inheritors and changers of social culture, and they are also good practitioners and demonstrators of social norms. At the same time, teachers have to assume the role of ordinary people in the family. The multiplicity of teachers' professional roles makes teachers full of confusion and conflict when they identify with and perform their professional roles. Many strict role functions make it difficult for individuals to adjust in time, which easily leads to confusion and conflict of teachers' roles and becomes a dangerous factor threatening teachers' mental health. [3]
Teachers' mental health is not only related to teachers' own physical and mental health and work performance, but also related to students' physical and mental development. Professor Solomon said: In terms of individual personality development, the influence of teachers is second only to that of parents. ? Teachers' mental health even affects the healthy and harmonious development of the whole society, which is as important as other practical problems in society. The whole society should attach great importance to teachers' mental health, and it is necessary to call on the whole society to give teachers more practical encouragement and treatment and less unrealistic expectations while praising teachers' candle spirit and emphasizing teachers' dedication and responsibility. More understanding and tolerance, less accusations and criticisms; More understanding and respect, less grievances and pressure. Form a virtuous circle in which the whole society treats teachers well and teachers treat students well, so that teachers can support the career of human soul engineers with sound body and mind, thus ensuring the stable and sustainable development of education in China and building a harmonious society with continuous development and progress.
References:
[1] Shuxin Town, Chen Wangdao. Farewell to the sea [M] Shanghai Dictionary Publishing House,1September 1999, 444.
[2] Lan Jianxiang, Chen Hui. Six psychological problems induced by teachers? Conflict? [J]。 Teaching and Management (Middle School Edition), No.9, 2007, PP 39-40.
[3] Li. Analysis of the causes of teachers' mental health problems [J]. Thought? Theory? Education, No.4, 2004, 28-3 1.
[4] Wang Wen. Teachers' mental health reader [M]. China Light Industry Press, August 2006, pages 56-58.
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