1. Cultivate students' ability to comprehensively apply the knowledge and skills they have learned, integrate theory with practice, independently analyze and solve practical problems, and enable students to engage in their professional work and carry out relevant basic training.
2。 Investigate students to accurately grasp the basic knowledge of their major, and learn how to comprehensively use what they have learned to conduct scientific research, and have some experience on the topics they have learned.
3. Cultivate students to conduct social investigation and research; Collection, reading, arrangement and utilization of documents; Basic skills such as putting forward arguments, comprehensive argumentation and summarizing writing.
Question 2: Why do you want to write your graduation thesis/Li Yaohui? This paper records the author's thoughts on this issue since he wrote his master's thesis. Graduation thesis is the most important index to consider a graduate student's study and research, and the writing process of graduation thesis is also the cultivation and embodiment of scientific research ability and creativity. Taking the graduation thesis of law as an example, specifically speaking, the writing process of graduation thesis is firstly a process of dialectical and practical application of legal knowledge; Secondly, graduation thesis writing is an effective means to cultivate graduate students' independent scientific research ability and practical work ability, and it is also an all-round training for students' comprehensive ability (theoretical judgment ability, proposition judgment ability, data collection ability, systematic thinking ability, problem finding ability, critical innovation ability, writing ability, organizational arrangement ability, reflective thinking ability, theoretical application ability, integration and cooperation ability, computer operation ability, etc.). ); Thirdly, writing a thesis will help to improve your theoretical thinking ability and problem-solving ability, and it will also make many life truths suddenly clear. There are bound to be many problems in the process of topic selection and topic opening. At this time, don't take refuge, seek easy. If you learn to face difficulties, you will gain more. As Liu Weipeng said, it is the same meaning to do it by yourself when encountering difficulties. The first step in writing a graduation thesis is to choose a topic. It's best to start with small topics and focus on big problems. Good topic selection means half the battle. This is my exaggerated summary of the importance of topic selection. Before choosing a topic, you must dabble in and browse relevant materials. Read a lot of academic works and related academic papers, or have a certain degree of understanding of related professional works. If you know nothing about this field, reading will often bring you inspiration. But the inspiration of generate does not mean the determination of the topic. Your inspiration is often accompanied by ignorance. The emergence of inspiration illustrates two problems: first, you have thought about the article in front of you to varying degrees; Second, you are still in a blank state on this issue. The latter was a warning from my tutor. The real inspiration for writing and topic selection is accumulated by reading a large number of related works. Through a lot of reading, you can find your own interests, and you can also decide whether your paper can be written smoothly, whether the domestic and foreign materials are sufficient, whether your questions can be answered, whether you can put forward your own unique opinions and so on. It should be a painful stage in the process of graduation thesis opening. Before every major research, Professor Chen Ruihua should thoroughly understand all relevant western systems before writing articles about China. The opening of a paper is not simply a report, but a thorough and all-round grasp of the theme of the paper. At the beginning of the topic, under the guidance of my tutor, I made a case study and theoretical analysis of related problems in the United States and other western countries (I studied the specific situation of foreign countries, one by one, and how foreign countries solved these problems. Why can't it be specific? XX, XX, XX, XX, XX, XX, XX, XX, XX, XX, XX, XX, XX, XX, XX, XX. The tutor once said that consulting materials is a basic course for graduate students. In order to solve the problems encountered when opening a topic, or to consult relevant foreign laws and precedents, you will go all over the library, and it is likely that you have learned or understood the methods of finding and consulting materials in the library that you have not paid attention to; You will read all relevant books in the library. After this process, you will master the trends and general contents of all relevant books and lay the foundation for future paper writing. You will also get online information through the Internet, and it is an important topic for every legal person to understand Internet retrieval tools and service methods. After solving this problem, you also know where to find the fastest and most effective reference when you encounter similar problems in the future. You also know which websites are the places to find the most valuable information in this field, and you also know which books to quote and refer to in future paper writing. Maybe in the process of bumping around, you will encounter other unexpected benefits. Thesis outline is an important link to ensure the quality of the paper. The outline of the paper is not patchwork, but should reflect the purpose of the theme of the paper as a whole. In the past, in the writing of undergraduate graduation thesis, I didn't pay much attention to the outline of the thesis, or even ignored it. After drafting the outline, I have to overturn the outline and find another way in actual writing ... >>
Question 3: Why do college students write papers? Now the graduation thesis in the university has actually become a form of university graduation. To understand graduation thesis from a rigorous perspective, we should start thinking from the definition concept of graduation thesis and extend it to the final meaning of graduation thesis. The following information is for you and all the confused prospective college graduates. I am a young and middle-aged man who is still confused after graduating from college. I hope I can help you. Graduation thesis is an article with certain academic value submitted by college graduates. It is a landmark assignment for college students to complete their studies, a comprehensive summary and review of their learning achievements, a preliminary attempt for college students to engage in scientific research, a written record of their own scientific research achievements under the guidance of teachers, and a comprehensive answer sheet to test students' basic ability to master knowledge, analyze problems and solve problems. Stylistically, graduation thesis belongs to the category of academic papers in argumentative essays. The so-called argumentative essay is an article that proves the correctness of Bai's point of view. It includes all articles that prove things, including political theory, literary theory, miscellaneous theory, or arguing, commenting, refuting, or thinning evidence, so as to distinguish right from wrong, dispel doubts and doubts, synthesize Dayi Chen, refute fallacies and so on. As far as the content of graduation thesis is concerned, one is to solve a problem in the discipline and answer it with one's own research results; One is to put forward only a certain problem in the discipline, synthesize the existing conclusions of others and point out the direction of further discussion; There is also a kind of partial answer to a question in the proposed discipline with one's own research results. The graduation thesis focuses on the reasonable division of objective things, points out their essence, and puts forward personal academic opinions and methods and opinions to solve a certain problem. As far as its form is concerned, graduation thesis has the general attributes of argumentative essay, that is, argument, argument and argumentation are the three major elements of the article. This paper focuses on logical thinking, emphasizes the fact-based, shows the rigorous reasoning process and draws convincing scientific conclusions. Although graduation thesis is a kind of academic thesis, compared with academic thesis, it has its own characteristics: first, it is instructive. Graduation thesis is a scientific research achievement independently completed under the guidance of tutor. Graduation thesis, as the last assignment before graduation from university, can not be separated from the help and guidance of teachers. Teachers should give specific methodological guidance on how to conduct scientific research and how to write papers. In the process of writing graduation thesis, teachers should inspire and guide students to work independently, pay attention to students' initiative and creativity, help students determine topics, specify references and investigation clues, examine and approve the outline of the thesis, answer difficult questions, guide students to revise the first draft of the thesis, and so on. In order to write a graduation thesis, students must actively exert their intelligence, study hard and complete the task of graduation thesis writing independently. (Thesis, the first website of the secretary) The second is exercise. According to the teaching plan, at the beginning of university, students should concentrate on learning the basic theory, professional knowledge and basic skills of this subject well; In the last semester of college, students should concentrate on writing their graduation thesis. Learning professional knowledge well and writing graduation thesis are unified, and the study of professional basic knowledge lays a solid foundation for writing graduation thesis; The writing of graduation thesis is the application and deepening of professional basic knowledge. Writing a graduation thesis is to use the existing professional basic knowledge to independently carry out scientific research activities, analyze and solve a theoretical or practical problem, and turn knowledge into practical training of ability. The main purpose of writing is to cultivate students' ability to solve practical problems by comprehensively applying what they have learned, so as to prepare for writing academic papers as professionals in the future. It is actually an academic paper. The third is the hierarchy. Compared with academic papers, the requirements of graduation thesis are lower. Professional academic papers refer to papers written by professionals for scientific research and expression of scientific research achievements, which generally reflect the latest academic achievements in a certain professional field, have high academic value, and have a certain role in promoting the development of scientific undertakings. Due to various conditions, the quality of college students' graduation thesis is relatively low. This is because: first, college students lack writing experience, most of them are writing papers for the first time, and they know little about the knowledge and skills of writing papers. Second, the scientific research ability of most college students is still in the process of training. During their college years, they mainly studied professional basic theoretical knowledge, lacking the training of using knowledge independently for scientific research. Third, writing graduation thesis is limited by time. Generally, schools will arrange graduation thesis in the last semester, but actually they have stopped writing ... >>
Question 4: Why do you have to write a graduation thesis? Recently, I have been busy taking part in the defense of master's thesis. All the teachers I met expressed the same feeling: "The quality of graduation thesis is getting worse and worse." A few years ago, teachers who thought that students could pass with one eye closed can only close their eyes now.
It is not easy for students. Especially those students who are not academically good and have no interest. I estimate that most of their papers were hastily pieced together. It's not surprising that I don't have much in-depth thinking and theoretical innovation. However, the typos, nonstandard notes and disordered formats that can be seen everywhere in the paper (even a student told me that a paragraph of her text was misplaced) are not the problems of academic ability, from which we can see the attitude of "indifferent".
To this end, teachers are saddened. The process of defense is the process of torturing one's academic conscience and academic responsibility. If you are a conscientious teacher, it means that quite a few students will fail, which will affect their lives. So the teachers have been hesitant. Is this result too cruel for these children who have not experienced too many setbacks? The result of repeated hesitation is that teachers give in step by step and surrender again and again. Students may wonder why teachers, who are usually affable, seem to become stern and aggressive when sitting on the defense bench. That's the teacher's emotional reaction. He hopes to draw two crosses on your ticket.
Students are also having a hard time. Every time they are asked by the teacher, they are fidgety, speechless and even cry silently. I believe he/she is equally upset, not because of the embarrassment at the moment, but because of his "indifference".
However, if a program makes all participants feel unhappy, then there must be room for improvement in the program itself. Why do graduate students have to write graduation thesis? Why are you not interested in academic research? Our postgraduate training system should also be reconsidered. Is our postgraduate training goal clear? Is our training goal recognized by students and even the society? Does the current training mode contribute to the realization of this goal? Wait a minute.
Twenty years ago, there were few graduate students. At that time, it was feasible to position the training goal of graduate students as "cultivating research-oriented talents", and there were indeed a large number of graduate students engaged in theoretical research and teaching after graduation. Therefore, at that time, it was not only necessary but also feasible to require graduate students to submit a high-quality graduation thesis when they graduated.
However, twenty years later, doctoral students are no longer scarce talents. Graduate students have little chance to enter scientific research institutions or universities. Now graduate students are busy preparing for job hunting, obtaining various certificates and obtaining various internship opportunities. Our postgraduate education does not seem to focus on "the cultivation and improvement of research ability". Classroom teaching occupies most of the postgraduate training time, and students' reading and writing time is occupied. They are busy receiving all kinds of information, but they have little time to digest and understand, let alone think independently.
In this case, what is the need to require students to graduate in the form of graduation thesis? Why can't we provide a variety of graduation options according to students' interests? For example, actual investigation, participation in hot cases or participation in scientific research projects and so on. Diversified choices not only embody humanization, respect students' individuality, but also enhance the significance of postgraduate examination and stimulate students' interest in learning and sense of social responsibility.
Question 5: Why do you write a graduation thesis after graduating from college? Basically, it will be sent now, but it depends on the requirements of your school.
Question 6: Who stipulated why college students should write graduation thesis? It is stipulated by people who don't need to write papers. You know, the pain of writing a paper is not so stipulated.
Question 7: Why do college students hand in the mid-term checklist when writing their graduation thesis? It shows that it takes more than half of the time to write the graduation thesis, but I didn't actually write 12345. What if the paper is handed in? We must get to work! And then what? This question is worth thinking about! Undergraduate education in China is not as black as crows in the world, or at least almost as bad! Of course, I don't deny that individual schools still have a good school spirit, respect teachers and attach importance to teaching, and the style of study is very popular, which can cultivate elites. But the question is, what do most universities give to college students? Turning over a friend's diary, although funny, still has a lot of real ingredients! In fact, the school is short, that is, "I went to class and the teacher didn't call the roll!" " "Didn't go to class, the teacher called the roll!" The first class didn't call the roll, and the second class left the teacher to call the roll! "The days of class are actually very short. Do you know what is the most painful thing on the day of class? It means "class is over, I feel I haven't finished sleeping!" "Do you know what is the most painful thing on the day of class? That is, "I haven't finished class yet, but I feel asleep." "The most painful thing is that I don't feel asleep in class. The class is almost over. "In fact, this can't completely blame the students, because many teachers just read this book word for word in class! Of course, with the development of science and technology, there is another one-reading according to ppt? So copying notes can also be saved, just copy it directly with a USB flash drive. It is estimated that most people have learned and skillfully used the following skills in college: surfing the internet, playing games, skipping classes, cheat sheets, drinking, falling in love, cramming for exams after staying up late, so that they can record what they have memorized on tomorrow's exam paper, and of course they can forget it completely after the exam. Before I went to college, I really didn't think that math, physics and computers could be studied and reviewed by reciting without understanding. A friend was filled with emotion when looking back; " This is a blind back! "Finally, the last course # RMB &；; * $ research methods will make you write your graduation thesis. Baidu Encyclopedia has a cloud: academic papers are articles used to conduct scientific research and describe scientific research results, referred to as papers. It is not only a means to discuss problems in scientific research, but also a tool to describe scientific research achievements for academic exchange. Including academic papers, graduation papers, dissertations, scientific papers, achievement papers, etc. , collectively referred to as academic papers. Some students did participate in some teachers' scientific research, but what did most undergraduates do? What are the scientific research results? The so-called paper is just a copy of all the articles in the world. Now is the information age, market economy, Internet and money. How can a graduation thesis be difficult for college students who have been honed for four years? Some teachers are well aware of this, and even give their own articles to students to "modify and process". What is the significance of such a paper? Of course, we still want to thank such a teacher, because he understands that college students are in the golden age of postgraduate entrance examination, re-examination, textual research, civil service examination, internship and job hunting. These things about students after graduation are much more important than graduation thesis! College students' graduation thesis pays more attention to form than content, and basically there is neither research nor innovation. Why should it continue to exist? In my opinion, the best way is to take a voluntary approach, just like CET-4 and CET-6, but students who have given papers should be issued certificates to evaluate their advantages and disadvantages. Let the students who are really capable, interested and able to do the thesis seriously do it, instead of forcing everyone to continue doing it in vain! This can not only improve the quality of papers, cultivate students' ability, but also reduce countless meaningless labor. Oh, I remember. I'm not the minister of education. I'm a senior and I'm going to write a thesis.
Question 8: How to write the basic requirements of graduation design?
1. According to the regulations of the task book, students independently complete the specified content under the guidance of teachers, and plagiarism is strictly prohibited;
2. The design scheme is reasonable and feasible, the quality of drawings meets the requirements, the instructions are fluent in arts and sciences, and the handwriting is neat;
3. The argument is clear, the argument is sufficient and the conclusion is correct;
4. Reflect advanced technology, new test methods and calculation methods;
5. Have certain technical and economic analysis;
6. Workload requirements (based on 12 weeks)
(1) The drawing workload of students' graduation design is determined by colleges, departments and instructors according to the specific conditions of graduation design papers;
(2) Graduation design instructions should be written in a unified format. The calculation description of engineering design should be no less than 15000 words, and other types of calculation description and experimental analysis should be no less than 19000 words.
(3) For disciplines with special requirements, graduation design (thesis) can be completed according to the characteristics of the major studied and the requirements of the above workload;
(4) Translate a foreign language reference related to this graduation project (thesis) with no less than 5,000 words.
7. After the graduation design (thesis) topic is determined, the instructor should prepare the "Lanzhou Jiaotong University Graduation Design Thesis Task Book" and send it to the students two weeks before the graduation design (thesis) begins.
8. Instructors should instruct students to complete the "opening report" within two weeks after the commencement of graduation design (thesis) (see Annex II), and the graduation design (thesis) can only be started after passing the examination.
9. Students should fill in the "Lanzhou Jiaotong University Graduation Design Thesis Student Self-examination Form" in the sixth week after graduation design (thesis) work begins. See annex 3.
Question 9: How to write the graduation project? First determine the topic, then analyze it, draw the function to be realized, and then start doing it.
Graduation design is a summative practical teaching link adopted in the last stage of the teaching process. Through the graduation project, students can comprehensively apply all kinds of theoretical knowledge and skills they have learned, and carry out comprehensive, systematic and strict technical and basic ability exercises. Under normal circumstances, before graduation, only junior colleges or universities are required to carry out graduation design according to different majors, and secondary school students are not required.
Question 10: How to write the graduation project? Graduation design (thesis) is the last important learning link for students before graduation, and it is an important process of deepening and sublimation of learning. It is not only a comprehensive summary of students' learning, research and practice achievements, but also a comprehensive test of students' quality and ability, and it is also an important basis for students' graduation qualification and degree qualification certification. In order to ensure the quality of undergraduate graduation design (thesis) in our university, the writing standard of undergraduate graduation design (thesis) of Tongji University is formulated.
I. Composition of graduation design (thesis) materials A. Graduation design (thesis) task book; B. Graduation design (thesis) performance evaluation book; C. Graduation thesis or graduation design instruction (including cover, Chinese and foreign abstracts or overall design instructions (including keywords), contents, text, thanks, references and appendices); D. translation and reproduction of the original text; Drawings, floppy disks, etc.
Two. Fill in the graduation design (thesis) materials and bind the related materials. The graduation design (thesis) uses the graduation design (thesis) data package printed by the school, the graduation design (thesis) task book, the graduation design (thesis) performance evaluation book, the graduation design (thesis) cover and manuscript paper (downloaded from the academic affairs office, the school unified paper format, using A4 printing paper).
Graduation design (thesis) materials should be carefully filled in as required, with neat fonts and neat volumes, and the handwriting should be written in black or blue-black ink; The task book is filled in and signed by the classroom teacher, and issued after being signed by the dean (department head). Graduation thesis or design instruction should be bound in order: cover, Chinese and foreign abstracts or general design instructions (including keywords), catalogue, text, thanks, references and appendices, and then put together with graduation design (thesis) task book, graduation design (thesis) performance evaluation book, translation and original (bound together), engineering drawings (folded and bound according to national standards) and floppy disk.
Three. Contents and requirements of graduation design instruction (thesis) A complete graduation design (thesis) should include the following aspects:
1. Title
The title should be short, clear and general. Title words should be appropriate, not more than 20 words. If you must put some details in the title, it can be divided into main title and subtitle.
2. The abstract or design summary summarizes the content of the research topic in a condensed form. Chinese abstracts are about 300 words, and foreign abstracts are about 250 words. Generally, there are 3 to 5 keywords.
The general description of design mainly introduces the source of design tasks, design standards, design principles and main technical data. The number of Chinese words should be within 1, 500 ~ 2,000 words, the number of foreign words should be around 1 1,000 words, and the number of keywords should be around 5.
3. Content
The table of contents is compiled by three-level titles (i.e.1...,1...,1...), and the title hierarchy is required to be clear. The titles in the table of contents should be consistent with the titles in the text, and the appendices should be listed in the table of contents in turn.
4. Text
The text of graduation design instruction (thesis) includes introduction, text and conclusion, and its contents are as follows: The introduction should explain the significance, purpose, research scope and technical requirements of this topic; Briefly describe the development and existing problems of this topic at home and abroad; Explain the guiding ideology of this topic; Explain the main problems to be solved in this topic, with more words than abstracts.
The text is a detailed statement of the research work, including: the problems, basic premises, assumptions and conditions of the research work; The establishment of the model and the drafting of the experimental scheme; Basic concepts and theoretical basis; Main methods and contents of design calculation; Experimental methods, contents and analysis; Theoretical demonstration, the application of theory in the project, the results of the project, and the discussion of the results. According to the nature of graduation project (thesis), students generally only cover the above parts.
The conclusion is the summary of the whole research work, the comparison between the obtained results and the existing results, the existing problems of the subject, and the opinions and suggestions for further research. The conclusion should be general and short.
thank you
Thank-you letters should express their gratitude to those who have given direct help in the process of researching and writing design instructions (papers), such as instructors and answering teachers. This is not only a courtesy, but also a respect for the work of others, and it is the ideological style that scholars should have.
6. References and appendices
The reference is graduation project (>>