1. Write the title

The title of an argumentative essay is more important than the title of a narrative.

The proper functions of argumentative title include: either revealing the central topic or argument, or creating new ideas to attract readers.

The topic of the composition in the examination room requires innovation, and the methods of drafting the topic include direct pointing, concept juxtaposition, quotation, image rhetoric, poetic expression, suspense setting, clever use of formula symbols, combination of Chinese and foreign, weird and different methods, etc.

2. Central arguments and sub-arguments

Defining the central argument is the first important thing in writing the outline of an argumentative paper.

The central argument cannot be a negative sentence, but an affirmative sentence expressing a statement or judgment.

If we want to set up several sub-arguments around the central argument, it can be parallel from different angles, positive and negative contrast at different levels, or stratification from low to high, from shallow to deep, from individual to group, from phenomenon to essence.

3. Thinking structure

The idea is to conceive how to write on the basis of determining the argument, including the structure of writing, the order of writing and the collection and classification of writing materials.

On the whole, the structure of argumentative essays is mostly in the form of total score, that is, putting forward the central argument from the phenomenon or problem, then analyzing the pros and cons of the problem from the perspective of "why", and finally putting forward the solution to the problem from the perspective of "how to do it", and taking care of the full text at the end to deepen the theme.

Screen arguments

After determining the structure of arguments, sub-arguments and writing ideas, we should collect relevant materials widely according to the needs of writing, one is what we know in our usual study, the other is what we have accumulated consciously, the third is the common phenomenon in real society, and the fourth is the details of phenomena in our lives.

The materials include cases of famous celebrities at home and abroad, cases of characters learned from middle school texts (Chinese, history, politics), ancient poems and sentences in and out of class, some special cases accumulated in peacetime, news events at home and abroad in recent years, famous network events in recent years, and common phenomena in social life. The latter is superior to the former.

5. Demonstration method

Argumentative argumentation methods mainly include:

Demonstrate with examples. Facts speak louder than words, and examples are the most basic and fundamental method of argument. Examples include the use of individual cases and phenomena, detailed cases and simple cases; It also includes the collocation of various examples, such as ancient and modern Chinese and foreign, detailed and sparse, cases and phenomena, celebrities and ordinary people, positive and negative, nature and human beings.

Metaphorical argument. Compare life, society and life with all things and phenomena in nature; Metaphor argument must pay attention to the similarity between vehicle and ontology, which is consistent with the central argument.

I am not as good as a famous movie in quoting arguments. Proper quoting of famous sayings, poems and songs, folk proverbs and common sayings not only makes the arguments strong, but also adds a lot of color to the language.

Comparative argument. Only contrast can distinguish, good contrast can make people see at a glance, but the center of energy is more prominent. Note that there must be contrast points in the comparison, which must meet the requirements of the argument.

6. Demonstration analysis method

Argument analysis is a necessary process to organically integrate arguments and arguments. Without effective argument analysis, the article is bound to appear shallow (not profound), the argument is mechanical (not rigorous), and the structure is too rigid (not flexible).

The methods of argumentation analysis mainly include causal analysis, hypothesis analysis, comparative analysis, effect analysis, progressive analysis and stripping analysis.

No matter which analysis method is adopted, it is necessary to come straight to the point and point to the center.

No matter what kind of analysis method is used, it must be well-founded and can't talk nonsense.