Confucianism emphasizes functional education and enlightenment, and light punishment is the only way for the country to be stable and the people to be rich and happy. Advocating "no education for all", both the ruler and the ruled should receive education, so that the whole country can become a moral person.

Politically, he also advocated the rule of etiquette and justice, called for the restoration of the Book of Rites, and thought that Zhou Li was an ideal way to realize political ideals. In the Warring States period, eight sub-Confucianism schools appeared, which is very important. There are two schools of thought, Mencius and Xunzi.

Second, Taoism: Representatives: Laozi and Zhuangzi. Works: Tao Te Ching and Zhuangzi.

Taoism is an important school in the Warring States period, also known as Taoism. Based on the theory of Tao, this school explains the essence, source, composition and changing universe of Tao in Late Spring and Me. Heaven believes in inaction, everything is natural, denies that God's spirit dominates everything, advocates Taoism's nature, goes with the flow, advocates quietism, and maintains the combination of rigidity and softness. The political ideal is "a small country with few people" and "governing by doing nothing". After Laozi, Taoism was divided into different factions, and there were four famous cakes: Zhuangzi Middle School, Yang School, Song School and School.

Iii. Mohist School: Representative: Mo's Works: Mo.

Mohism was an important founder of Mohism in the Warring States Period.

This school is based on the principle of "love everything and pay interest": besides, treat others as your own; Love everyone, love your neighbor as yourself. "Moreover, there is love in the world" to achieve the purpose of "benefiting the people". Zhang Shangxian, the main political figure, is still the same, and he is not broken; This part is an advocate of strong economic power; Mentally put forward the worship of heaven and ghosts. At the same time, it also puts forward the concept of "non-life insurance", emphasizing its own strength.

Mohism has a strict organization, and most of its members come from the lower classes. Generation after generation, they can dance with fire and knives to motivate themselves. Its followers advocate these talks, which are called "Mexican defense lines"; Martial arts practitioners are called "Mexicans"; Leaders are called "children of giants". Their discipline, according to legend, "Mozi law, the murderer, the punishment of harming others" ("Lv Chunqiu, smuggling").

After Yan's death, he was divided into three factions. In the late Warring States period, they merged into two groups: one focused on the study of epistemology, logic, mathematics, optics, mechanics and other disciplines, and was called "post-Mohist" (also known as "post-Mohist"), and the other was transformed into a ranger society in the Qin and Han Dynasties.

Legalist: Representative: Han Feizi Scott. Works: Han Feizi

Legalism is an important school in the Warring States Period. Because the law advocates "no personal relationship, no specialization or interest in the law", that is, the so-called legalist school. In the Spring and Autumn Period, Guan He Zi chan was the pioneer of legalist thought. In the early Warring States period, osmium and Shang Yang applied for harm and demotion. Establish legalism. In the Warring States period, Shang Yang's comprehensive "law", "potential" and "technique" were the climax of legalist thought and theory.

In this school, IDA spends her time on economic propositions, emphasizing agriculture and restraining business, and emphasizing agriculture and rewarding agriculture. Politics advocates abandoning the package, laissez-faire the county system, absolute monarchy, stonework and strict laws to rule; Ideological education is prohibited. Philosophers advocate that legal instructors should be teachers. The establishment of monarchical absolutism in the unified dynasty provided theoretical basis and action strategy.

The legalist works recorded in Han Shu Yi Wen Zhi are 2 17, and nearly half of them survive in the world, the most important of which are Rule of Law and Everything is done wrong.

Five great masters: representatives: Deng Xi, Hui Shi and Huan Gong Group. Works: Gongsun Zilong

Famous schools are one of the important periods in the Warring States Period, because the academic activities with the parameter name (name, concept) (actually) as the main body were later called masters. At that time, people called it "who is in charge", "tea poem" or "punishment (form) name." To Hui Shi and the representative of the palace.

Naturalism: Representative: Zou Ya.

An important school of naturalists is one in the Warring States Period, because the theory of Yin and Yang was advocated and used to explain the naming of society and people. This school, headed by the ruling class, originated from the ancient astronomical calendar and was represented by Zou Yan in the Warring States Period.

According to the theory of Yin and Yang, the law of change and development of things can be explained by the advantages and disadvantages of the two opposing forces of Yin and Yang and the transformation of things themselves. Everything is made up of the original five water isotopes of wood, fire, earth and gold according to the five elements theory, and there are also two lawyers, Xiang Sheng and Xiang Sheng (Stan), who can explain the origin and changes of the universe. Zou Yaen synthesized twice. According to the theory of the prosperity of the five elements, the attribute of the five elements is interpreted as "five virtues", a kind of "five virtues theory", which is the law of the rise and fall of dynasties and provides theoretical basis for establishing a new unified dynasty.

There are 2 1 species recorded in Hanshu Yiwenzhi of our school, which has been lost. The Book of Rites in the late Warring States Period is said to be a naturalistic work. Some papers in Guanzi were also put forward by a naturalist, "Shandong should be the same", and some natural history materials were retained, such as "Customs Training of Ziqi in Huainan" and "Ancestor of the Century".