-Appreciation of ancient poems about music (1)

Wang chuanxue

Chinese classical music is very rich, leaving a large number of music works and chanting poems. In Tang and Song poetry, there are many excellent works describing music.

Qin is a traditional national musical instrument in ancient China, which consists of five or seven strings. Among ancient musical instruments, Qin is the most commonly used, and appreciating Qin music is also the most described music appreciation work in ancient poetry.

Bai Juyi, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote "Listening to Qin Qu", which showed his love for music:

? Nature is good, and the dust machine smells empty.

? When you hear it, everything leaves your heart.

Qingchang can cure diseases, soothe the nerves and nourish the mind.

? You should listen to Sanle to comfort Pulsatilla.

This is a famous Yuefu poem by Bai Juyi. From the beginning, this poem shows that it is his "nature" to love music ("it is another name for Qin, which refers to music here). With music, everything can be separated from his heart. After listening to music, you can forget all the troubles and sorrows in the world, especially "listening to three pleasures". The poet found his thoughts and placed his hopes here.

The poet believes that music can make people "feel at peace", cultivate and purify the mind, make the listener relaxed and happy, and sometimes reach the highest state of "everything is separated from the heart". Only by listening to songs, dredging the five internal organs and bathing in the snow spirit can we transcend the dust, get rid of vulgarity and reach the point where "I feel as if I have heard the light like nature". It shows the poet's superb appreciation level. Bai Juyi also believes that people's situation and mood often play an important role when enjoying music.

"Love is as good as selling a disease, just keep it." It not only affirms the role of music in nourishing emotions, but also shows that music has the functions of "getting rid of diseases" and "selling diseases". As early as the pre-Qin period, people had realized that "there is no worry and no joy" ("Guanzi Inner Music"), and Ji Kang in Wei and Jin Dynasties also said that music "can guide the spirit, publicize emotions, and those who are poor but not bored are not close to the sound." (Fu Qin) Tao Yuanming in the Eastern Jin Dynasty famously said, "If you like your family, you can play the piano to ease your worries" ("Gui Xi Ci").

As an important part of the piano, "string" was originally just a heartless object. In Bai Juyi's poem Five-string Play, each string has different feelings:

One or two clues, the autumn wind blows away and the rhyme falls.

Three or four strings ring, and the night crane records the sound in the cage.

The fifth chord is the most depressing, and the water in Gansu is too cold to swallow.

The five strings are played in parallel with the audition, and the sound is sad.

Hit the coral once or twice, and the water will splash the jade plate.

? (Excerpt from Five-string Drama)

The poet used a series of vivid metaphors, sonorous language and exaggerated techniques to describe the performer's stunt in playing banjo. There are five strings in the hand, and the strings are different: the first string and the second string sound like bleak autumn wind, the third string and the fourth string sound like a crane at night, and the fifth string sounds like a frozen stream whimpering; The five strings are played in parallel, piercing and sonorous, killing sounds suffocating, soaking in the skin, and the effect is wonderful. The performer dissolved his understanding of emotion into "string" (music), and finally produced a strong effect of "sprinkling jade plate with water".

Li Bai, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, loved music. Let's first watch and listen to the Shu monk playing the piano;

The sea embraces the land-melodious songs come from the distant Emei Mountain.

When I hear the sound of Matsutani, I wave my hand at will.

The sound of the bell rang, and it turned into a frosty bell. My heart was quiet, as if it had been washed with water.

Unconsciously, dusk enveloped the castle peak, and the autumn clouds were bleak, covering the dusk sky. [

This poem is about listening to the piano, and listening to a monk named Zhuo playing the piano in Sichuan. The first couplet is "A monk in the middle of Shu carries a violin and pipa box, and goes down to Mount Emei in the west", which shows that the pianist came down from Mount Emei in Sichuan. Li Bai grew up in Sichuan, and the wonderful landscape in Sichuan nourished his magnificent soul and inspired his artistic imagination. Mount Emei appeared in his poems more than once. He has always missed his hometown, and of course he is very kind to pianists from his hometown. Therefore, at the beginning of the poem, it means that the person who plays the piano is his own countryman. Sima Xiangru, a writer of Han Dynasty who played "Feng Qiu Huang", was also a Sichuanese. Therefore, from the beginning of the poem, he was associated with his famous Qingqin, where "Qingqin" is used to refer to the precious Qin. In just ten words, the musician is written in a very stylish way, expressing the poet's admiration for him. Zhuan Xu describes the Shu monk playing the piano in a positive way. "Waving" is the action of playing the piano. Ji Kang's Fu Qin said: "Boya waved and listened to the clock." This is where the word "wave" comes from. "When I touch the strings, it brings me the breath of thousands of pines." These two sentences use the grandeur of the sound of nature to compare the sound of the piano, which makes people feel that the sound of the piano must be extremely powerful. After listening to monk Shu's piano, my heart seemed to be washed by running water, carefree and happy. But it has a deeper meaning, including an ancient allusion. Liezi Tang Wen said, "Boya is good at drumming, while Zhong Ziqi is good at listening. Boya played the drums and the piano, aiming to climb the mountain. Zhong Ziqi said,' OK, I am as tall as Mount Tai!' Determined to manage water, Zhong Ziqi said, "Well, the ocean is like a river!" "This is the story of' high mountains and flowing water'. Through the medium of music, it shows the friendship between the monks in Sichuan and themselves. The word "I heard him in the purified stream" is subtle and natural. Although allusions are used, it is not difficult, which shows the poet's superb language skills. Ring the bell into the frost bell is also a classic. "Frost Bell" comes from Shan Hai Jing and Zhongshan Jing: "Fengshan ... has nine bells, which is to know first frost." Guo Pu's note: "The first frost rings, so you know what it says." The word "frost bell" points out the season, which echoes the following "cloudy autumn and sky" "The lingering sound into the frost bell" means that after the music stops, the lingering sound is integrated with the temple bell at dusk. There is a saying in Liezi Tang Wen that "the reverberation lingers for three days", which is the imagination of fascinated listeners who are immersed in artistic enjoyment after the end of music. The same is true of "ringing into the frost bell". The crisp and smooth sound of the piano gradually fades away. When the bell rings at dusk, I realize that it is getting late: "But I don't feel any change, although the mountains are getting dark, the gloomy autumn is full of the sky." After listening to monk Shu playing the piano, the poet looked around. I don't know when it started, the castle peak was covered with dusk, and the gloomy autumn clouds overlapped and covered the sky. How time flies! The uniqueness of this poem in describing music lies in that there is no other metaphor to describe the sound of the piano except "Wan", but it focuses on the feelings when listening to the piano and the emotional communication between the player and the listener. In fact, the phrase "the breath of a thousand pines" is not a purely objective description. The poet's association from the sound of piano to the sound of pines and mountains and valleys is based on his own subjective feelings. Another poem by Li Bai, listening to the piano on a moonlit night, laments that bosom friends are hard to find:

Sit on the bright moon at idle nights, and you play the piano. ?

Suddenly I heard the tune of "Very Taiwan", which seemed to be the voice of "Han Song". ?

The fingering of Snow White makes your delicate hands busy, and the syllable of "green water" really nourishes your heart.

Unfortunately, Zhong Ziqi has long since passed away, and there is no such confidant in the world.

This poem was written to listen to a recluse playing the piano, and used rhetorical devices such as narration, metaphor and personification to lament the sadness that a bosom friend is hard to find. The lines between the lines are full of the bitterness and pain of the poet's life. Hating Taiwan, cold pine, white snow and green water are all ancient topics in the poem, which are intended to describe the superb artistic level of Lu Qin, a hermit, and then lament that "time has passed and there is no confidant in the world."

Sitting on the bright moon at idle nights and playing the piano by you depicts a lonely scene of sitting on the bright moon in the sky and listening to you play the piano at night, paving the way for the lonely and melancholy feeling of "there is no confidant in the world" below.

The metaphor of "suddenly smelling and hating Taiwan tune, just like Korea" is used: suddenly smelling a "sad tune", just like Korea, colors the sad atmosphere and vividly shows the readers the sad and deepened feelings.

The anthropomorphic technique of "white snow is chaotic and green water is modest" is used: white snow is chaotic and green water is modest, which is convenient for the author to play, and the loneliness and true feelings of the author's confidant are integrated into the poem in a scene-blending way to achieve fascinating results.

The clock has been gone for a long time, and there is no confidant in the world. By borrowing the allusions of "Zhong Ziqi" and "Yu Boya", the structure is more rigorous, expressing the poet's lonely feelings.

From the writing point of view, the first one is playing the piano, the second one is writing piano music, and the last one is lamenting. When writing about Qin music, the poet compared Han to "hating Taiwan". Although Qin Le is on a par with Qin Le, the title of the song reminds people of the inevitable connection between them, because "sadness" and "cold" are cold words with the same emotional color, while "wind" and "looseness" remind people of Songtao, and then think of the characteristics of music. Another piano piece is Song Feng handed down by Ji Kang. The wind is connected with pine, which can remind people of this piano music. This shows how apt the poet's metaphor is! Furthermore, in the sentence "Snow White", the poet not only wrote the characteristics of playing the piano with the word "chaos", but also reminded people of the whiteness of the hands from Snow White. This combination is really wonderful!

Listening to the Qin by Liu Changqing, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, shows the poet's narcissistic feelings.

On the seventh silk, the cold wind in the pines.

Although I like this ancient song very much, most people don't play it today.

The piano consists of seven strings, so the first sentence is called "seven strings", and the image is more specific. "Lingling" describes the crisp sound of the piano and arouses the word "cool breeze". "Pine Cold" symbolizes the sadness of the piano entering the pine forest with the wind, which is very vivid and guides readers into the realm of music. The word "listen" describes the ecstasy of the listener, which shows the beauty of the piano sound. Elegant and peaceful piano music can often arouse the listener's sense of tranquility and solemnity. And there is the title of "the wind enters the pine" in the piano music, which is a pun and well-intentioned.

If the first two sentences describe the realm of music, the last two sentences are argumentative lyricism, which involves the background of music reform at that time. During the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties, the harp and lyre were still used in Nanqing music. In the Tang Dynasty, music changed, "Le Yan" became a new sound, and the pipa introduced from the western regions became the main musical instrument. At the same time, the public's appreciation interest has also changed. What is popular is new music that can express secular and cheerful feelings. Although Mu Rusongfeng's piano sound is beautiful, it has become an "ancient song" after all, and few people can appreciate it gracefully, revealing the loneliness of high and low music. The word "although" has changed from praising the sound of the piano to feeling about fashion. The word "duo" in Nobody cares highlights the scarcity of piano lovers. Some people use these two sentences to say that people are fashionable and don't play the same old tune, which is intended to show that the author is out of date and is quite right. Liu Changqing was the best in the Qing Dynasty. He was exiled twice in his life, with a big belly and a detached mood. His collection of poems includes Youqin (one of eight Li's miscellaneous poems): "The moonlight is all white, and the sound of the piano should be midnight. In the hair, the cold wind in the pine forest. Although I like this ancient song very much, most people don't play it today. It's hard to get to know your friends by voting for this song. " Four of them are quatrains from listening to the piano. "It's difficult to know a friend" is also the theme of this poem. Poetry and listening to the piano are just for the sake of a narcissistic sentiment. ?