China's currency has a long history and a wide variety, forming a unique currency culture. In the currency of the pre-Qin period, various vassal States implemented different monetary systems: different shapes of knife coins, cloth coins and ring coins were used in different regions. After the Qin Dynasty unified China, the main form of China's currency was to circle money. In the Northern Song Dynasty, Jiaozi, the earliest paper money in the world, appeared. By the Ming Dynasty, silver had become the most important currency in circulation.
What kinds of ancient coins are there?
There are many kinds, which are determined by researchers and collectors from different angles. For example:
1) Materials in currency: gold, silver, copper, iron, tin, lead, paper and pottery.
2) According to the shape of money: round square hole, shaped money (knife, cloth, shell), etc.
3) Currency is divided into casting currency, stamping currency, etc.
4) Inscriptions in currency are divided into: date, year, year, weight, etc.
What are the ancient currencies?
The earliest metal currency: it was a copper shell of Shang dynasty more than 3000 years ago, which looked like a shell.
The earliest coinage: it was a knife coin in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period more than 2,000 years ago, which looked like a knife: cloth coins and shovels. It's the prototype of a metal coin.
The lightest money: goose eye money, that is, money smaller than goose eye, was popular in Liu and Song Dynasties. A thousand dollars is less than an inch long, "it is unsinkable and easy to break when entering the water" and "65.438+10,000 dollars is not profitable". It is the lightest coin.
The coin with the longest circulation time: the square-hole round coin cast by Qin Shihuang more than two thousand years ago was abolished in the late Qing Dynasty. The earliest currency to be exchanged for gold: In AD 7, Wang Mang of the Western Han Dynasty issued a "wrong knife" of copper coins, and each 500 yuan, 20 pieces were exchanged for a catty of gold.
The earliest copper coins: A.D. 1659- 166 1. Zheng Chenggong's silver coin has the words "Zhangzhou Silver Ring" cast on the front and a flower on the back, which is a combination of Zheng Chenggong. 1888, issued by Guangxu Yuanbao in Qing Dynasty. Officially known as the silver dollar.
The earliest silver-based currency: 1 137 (the seventh year of Shaoxing, Song Dynasty) issued paper money "Silver Crane", also known as "Silver Ticket", one-dollar bill and half-dollar bill. The largest copper coin: it is a huge expenditure of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. Now there are half pieces in Hunan Provincial Museum, with a diameter of 33.5 cm and a thickness of 0.8 cm. This half piece weighs 2 1 g, and the whole piece weighs about 4500 g. "Its size is like a basin, and it is the largest copper coin in the world. This expensive one is made of brass and covered with gold. There is the word "Taiping" on the front.
The most complicated copper coin: Ming Chongzhen money. The characters, production, size, thickness and weight of this kind of money are ever-changing. There are dozens of words on the back of money alone.
The earliest iron coins: 1960 33 iron coins were unearthed from the Western Han Tomb in Changsha, Hunan. It shows that the casting of iron money has appeared at least in the middle of the Western Han Dynasty.
The earliest aluminum coins: A.D. 9 18, a "dry word and heavy treasure" issued in the Five Dynasties, with ten coins exchanged for one copper coin. The longest and most successful currency: five baht, which took 739 years from Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty to Sui Dynasty.
The earliest machine-cast silver coin: Guangxu Yuanbao, the machine-cast silver coin of Jilin Trial Casting Factory in AD 1882.
The earliest paper money: In 960 AD, in the first year of Jianlong in the Northern Song Dynasty, sixteen officials and businessmen in Chengdu printed and distributed it with the permission of * * * *. Its nature is similar to certificates of deposit, which can be converted into cash and circulated in the money market. This is the original form of paper money. The earliest colored paper money was the "money shape" issued in the Northern Song Dynasty in A.D. 1 105, with patterns and three colors of red, blue and black.
* * * The earliest banknote issued: it was 1023, the "Jiaozi" issued by * * * in the Song Dynasty.
The earliest banknotes issued by banks: 1897 After the establishment of China Commercial Bank, two silver coupons and one silver dollar coupon were issued the following year, with the words "* * * Bank" printed on the back.
The largest banknote: "Daming Tongtongbao banknote" issued in the eighth year of Wuxing in Ming Dynasty, 1375. Printed with mulberry paper, the face value is "consistent", 34.5 cm long and 23 cm wide, and the area is 10 times that of today's one-dollar bill. It has always been equivalent to 1000 copper coins, one or two salt silver and a quarter of gold. It is the largest paper currency in China with the highest value and the longest circulation time. Minimum paper money: During the Republic of China, the local bank of Zhejiang Province issued a paper money with a length of 5 cm and a width of 2.5 cm, which is about 0.35 times of the current one-cent paper money, making it the smallest paper money.
Maximum denomination paper money: During the Republic of China, a bank in Xinjiang issued a paper money with the head of Sun Yat-sen, with a face value of 6 billion yuan, which is the largest denomination paper money in China. Minimum denomination paper money: During the Republic of China, local banks in Zhejiang Province issued a "copper coupon" with only one denomination, which was the smallest denomination paper money in China.
The least valuable paper money: From1August 1948 to1June 1949, the price of the "golden coupon" issued by * * * has increased by several times, making it the least valuable paper money in the history of our country.
What kinds of coins were there in ancient China?
Penny, knife, circle, square, ... can be found on Baidu Encyclopedia, which is more comprehensive.
What words represent the names of ancient coins?
* Gold
Also known as "gold", "printing gold" or "cake gold". Names of ancient gold coins in China. Chu State spread in the Warring States Period. Square. The words "Chen" and "Special" are cast on it.
:: Poole
It's German, meaning "money". During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, square hole coins were first cast in Xinjiang. Because the texture is red copper, they are also called Xinjiang red coins.
* Jin Cuodao
Even five thousand, commonly known as "Jin Cuodao". Wang spent two years (AD 7) casting money for retro restructuring.
* Liu Quan
It is the product of Wang Mang's third restructuring. Parallel to the cloth. * * * There are six kinds: Koizumi Naichi, Yaoquan 10, Youquan 20, Zhongquan 30, Zhuangquan 40 and Daquan 50. Among them, Junichiro Koizumi and Fifty Springs were released before the reorganization.
* Ten pieces of cloth
Wang Mang is the general name of ten kinds of cloth coins. It was cast in the second year of People's Republic of China (PRC) (AD 10). That is, small cloth, dark cloth, young cloth, thick cloth (or sequential cloth), poor cloth, medium cloth, strong cloth, brother cloth, secondary cloth and big cloth, collectively referred to as ten products.
What kinds of ancient Chinese coins are there?
1. Shellfish and money: Shellfish include seashells, jade shells, bone shells, jade shells, gold, silver, copper shells and tortoise shells.
2. Knife, cloth and currency: bronze.
3. Money, round money, square hole money and currency: bronze, brass, gold, silver, iron, tin and lead.
4. Mechanism money and money quality: gold, silver, copper and gold.
5. Paper money (such as Huizi in the Southern Song Dynasty) Currency: paper.
What are the ancient currencies in China?
1) Materials in currency: gold, silver, copper, iron, tin, lead, paper and pottery.
2) According to the shape of money: round square hole, shaped money (knife, cloth, shell), etc.
3) Currency is divided into casting currency, stamping currency, etc.
4) Inscriptions in currency are divided into: date, year, year, weight, etc.
What are the most valuable ancient copper coins at present?
The following kinds of ancient coins have high collection value: 1. Coins of short-lived regime: coins cast during short-lived dynasties or peasant uprisings, with short circulation time and small circulation, are rare treasures. For example, Dan Jingkang Bao Tong and Jingkang Yuanbao were both cast in the Song Qinzong era. He was exiled to the north after 0/6 months in office/kloc-. Jingkang Zhu has a small amount of money, and Jingkang Bao Tong is even less, which belongs to the national first-class cultural relics. "Kaiping Bao Tong" in the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period has a short title and is of great value. The "Xiangqi Bao Tong" copper coin in Mu Zong period of Qing Dynasty was issued less than a year ago, commonly known as "short-lived money", which was quite difficult to find. After the establishment of Dashun regime in Li Zicheng, the "Yongchang Bao Tong" was cast, which is also very precious.
Second, there are not many coins left in the world: after Shi Siming, a rebel in the Tang Dynasty, occupied Luoyang, the words "Deyi Yuanbao" were cast. Later, it was found that the word "Deyi" was unlucky, so it was changed to "Shuntian" and cast "Shuntian Bao Tong". These two coins are rarely handed down from generation to generation, especially the "Deyi Yuanbao". There is only one commemorative copper coin of "Daqi Bao Tong" in Southern Tang Dynasty and 1972 "Six Years of Dakang" unearthed from Liao Tomb in Kulun Banner, Jilin Province, both of which are treasures.
3. Coins with high cultural value: Qian Wen, such as the "Ring of Fire" and "Ring of Cloth" of Wang Mang in the Han Dynasty, used vertical needle seals. All Bao Tong, a ten-fold seal script written by Renzong in the Northern Song Dynasty, is the earliest artistic word in China and a masterpiece. Yuan You Bao Tong in the Northern Song Dynasty was written by Sima Guang and Su Dongpo respectively, which is a masterpiece of ancient and modern times and has high collection value.
Fourth, coins with inscriptions: the identification of ancient coins often distinguishes the casting age and address through inscriptions and evaluates its rarity. Generally speaking, coins marked with the moon and stars on the back are more collectible than those with smooth back.
In addition, palace coins made of gold, silver and copper are precious cultural relics, with a small number of castings and good quality. In the Catalogue of Ancient Coins in China published by Sichuan University, Liao's Fairy was listed as a "first-class orphan without pricing". But there are also very old ones, such as Qin Banliang and Han Wuzhu. Because of the large number of excavations, the price is low, and some can be bought for only a few cents.
What kind of ancient coins are valuable in China?
According to the market price, the most expensive ancient coins are "fifty treasures of ancient money", all of which are ancient coins of different ages, no more than ten. And 100 baby, all hundreds of thousands, hundreds of thousands. Search the Internet for "fifty treasures of ancient money".
In principle: the price of ancient money is estimated according to the amount of the world, and things are rare! The fewer coins, the more valuable they are. A coin represents a period of society, economy, trade and smelting technology, as well as people's lifestyle and pursuit.
Specifically, ancient coins are generally divided into ten grades. Ancient Chinese coins have always been called "Fifty Treasures". At that time, most of these coins did not exceed 10, and some only had one or two, so the price was "no pricing". Among valuable coins, the most expensive ones are first-class coins, such as Kaiping Bao Tong and Tiancheng Yuanbao, which are 200,000 and 60,000 respectively. Liao Qiantian Road Bao Tong 70,000, first class 50,000. Second-class coins are 20,000-30,000 yuan, and third-class and fourth-class coins are 6000-2000 yuan. The most common ones are Grade 9, 10 and all 5-6 yuan. These are the prices thirty years ago. )
According to each kind of coin, carved mother money is the most expensive, followed by mother money, sample money and other rare coins.
In chronological order, coins from Five Dynasties and Ten Countries, coins from Liao and Jin Dynasties, coins from Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, etc. On average, it is more expensive than other dynasties. Relatively speaking, the prices of coins in Wuzhu, Banliang and Northern Song Dynasty were relatively low.