Dian Lun Cao Wen Pi is the earliest systematic literary criticism work in China.
First, he opposed the habit of "scholars despise each other" since ancient times. He believes that the length of works is due to different styles and different talents of writers. He advocates the attitude of "judging yourself and others" to treat literary criticism. He talked about the value of literature and emphasized the importance of articles. The so-called articles mainly refer to literary works such as poems and essays.
Second, on the relationship between the article and the cause: He thinks that the social status of the article is as important as the cause, so he raised the article to the height of the great cause of the country and the immortal prosperity.
Third, literary spirit is talent: in China culture, "Qi" is an important category, covering many fields, but it was not until Cao Pi that "Qi" was introduced into literary theory.
Fourth, the distinction of style: Cao Pi's style, that is, the distinction of literary genre.
Wenfu
1. Lu Ji's Wen Fu is the first complete and systematic literary theory work in the history of China's literary criticism.
Second, Lu Ji is a pioneer in studying the process of China's literary creation.
Lu Ji was the first literary theorist to express the psychological process and characteristics of literary creation.
Liu Xie's Wen Xin Diao Long is a literary theory work with profound thoughts and rigorous system. The fifty articles in the book are divided into two parts. The second part is mainly about literary creation, which is the essence of this book.
1. General introduction. The five books, The Original Road, Conquest for the Sage, Jing Zong, Kevin·Z and Bian Sao, are "literary hubs", which are the theoretical basis and guiding ideology of the book, as well as the fundamental arguments and key points of the paper.
Second, stylistic theory. There are 20 stylistic theories in Wen Xin Diao Long, which are divided into two parts: prose and brushwork, namely rhyming prose and blank brushwork.
Third, the theory of creation. Twenty pieces of Wen Xin Diao Long are the essence of this book. The main problems involved are: the relationship between literature and reality; Inheritance and innovation; Content and form; Artistic conception; Creative process; Literary style and writing skills, etc. This paper makes a detailed and in-depth discussion on Lu Ji's creative experience, which expands the viewpoint of Lu Ji's creative conception process.
Fourth, criticism. This paper discusses the cultivation, attitude and criticism standard of critics, and establishes the methodology of literary criticism.
The general theory, stylistic theory, creative theory and criticism of Wen Xin Diao Long are isomorphic into an organic and complete literary theory system, which makes the previous one-sided and loose literary theory have a program, norms and standards, and his literary criticism and literary theory are coherent and intensive, becoming a masterpiece of literary criticism.
Shi Pin is the first poem monograph in the history of China literature, which focuses on five-character poems without considering other styles. This paper discusses the 122 poets from the late Han Dynasty to the Southern Liang Dynasty, which are divided into three categories: upper, middle and lower.
Zhong Rong opposes the use of allusions in poetry. He believes that poetry cannot inevitably use ancient things like talking about prose. Poetry should be lyrical, and if allusions are used, it will hurt the emotional charm of poetry. He also believes that poetry should not be artificially restricted by the sound patients, thus destroying the natural beauty of poetry language. In addition, Zhong Rong is extremely dissatisfied with the metaphysical style of poetry.
The relationship between writer's environment and literature discusses the important influence of writer's experience and specific living environment on his works, and opens up the field of literary theory which is closely related to writer's social life.
Literary criticism and literary theory in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, represented by Dian Lun, Wen Fu, Wen Xin Diao Long and Shi Pin, have made pioneering achievements, which are unparalleled in the history of literary criticism in China. There is no time when literary criticism and literary theory developed and concentrated so rapidly as the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, which has such a high group achievement and such an important guiding significance for literature.