1 basic conditions-the innate endowment of agricultural development in Xinjiang

(A) Natural resource endowment

Due to the particularity of Xinjiang's geographical location and its unique natural advantages in light and heat, water, climate, temperature and cultivated land, Xinjiang is suitable for developing Xinjiang's characteristic agriculture, such as Xinjiang's cotton and Xinjiang's characteristic melons and fruits. At the same time, Xinjiang has a vast territory and needs to vigorously develop agricultural development measures such as agricultural irrigation, drip irrigation and water saving.

(B) the characteristic advantages of endowment

There are many agricultural products with regional characteristics in Xinjiang. Although Xinjiang is an arid area, there are many oases, so oasis agriculture can be developed vigorously. For example, Xinjiang is an important supplier of colored cotton and high-quality long-staple cotton in China. At the same time, Xinjiang is also an important province for the development of animal husbandry (beef, mutton and milk) in China, and the production of fine wool in Xinjiang is also famous throughout the country. Xinjiang's characteristic fruit industry is a world-famous important characteristic agriculture, such as grapes in Turpan, separation in Korla, apples in Aksu, jujube in Hotan, walnuts in Kashgar and cantaloupe in Hami. These characteristic fruit industries occupy a certain share in the world fruit trade.

(C) the endowment of geographical advantages

As Xinjiang is a border province of China, with a long border and adjacent to Central Asia, the five Central Asian countries are important border cooperation partners of Xinjiang. With the strategy of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and the Silk Road Economic Belt put forward, the trade, cultural and cultural exchanges between China and Xinjiang and five Central Asian countries are getting closer and closer, and Xinjiang is also an important partner for opening to the west. Xinjiang also pays more and more attention to the communication between Xinjiang and Central Asia, and develops and opens border trade ports, which also provides an important platform for Xinjiang agriculture to implement the strategy of going global.

(4) Bingtuan's endowment advantage

The position of the Corps in Xinjiang is very important, and the important function of the Corps is to "open up wasteland and defend the border". The agricultural development of Bingtuan is in a leading position in the whole country, which is embodied in mechanized farming, large-scale agricultural production, emphasis on the role of science in planting and highly organized management level.

2 realistic dilemma-the bottleneck of agricultural development in Xinjiang

(A) the construction of agricultural development bases needs to be promoted.

According to its own reality, Xinjiang proposes to build Xinjiang agricultural development base, which mainly includes the construction of Xinjiang cotton production base, characteristic fruit base and Xinjiang characteristic animal husbandry base.

(2) Ways to increase farmers' income in Xinjiang need to be diversified.

According to the latest census data, almost 50% of the farm labor force in Xinjiang has a primary education level, which shows that the farm labor force in Xinjiang generally has the problem of low education level.

(C) Xinjiang grassland development needs to be optimized.

Xinjiang is an important animal husbandry province in China. The traditional production mode leads to serious grassland degradation and backward production mode. Due to the limited carrying capacity of grassland and overgrazing, the process of grassland degradation has been accelerated.

(D) The supporting system for agricultural development needs to be improved.

Promoting the development of agricultural science in Xinjiang needs the supporting system of agricultural development. Xinjiang has a vast territory and is also a big province for agricultural development. In addition, it is a border province, adjacent to Central Asian countries. Central Asian countries are mostly high-incidence areas of animal and plant diseases, and some diseases directly come from several neighboring countries in Central Asia, which makes the task of plant protection and animal disease prevention and control in Xinjiang arduous.

(e) The regional balance of agricultural development in Xinjiang needs to be maintained.

There is a very important problem in Xinjiang, that is, the regional development is unbalanced, especially the development of southern Xinjiang lags behind that of northern Xinjiang and eastern Xinjiang.

(VI) The process of agricultural industrialization in Xinjiang needs to be strengthened.

In the development of agriculture in Xinjiang, the process of agricultural industrialization is relatively slow, the degree of deep processing of characteristic agricultural products is not high, and the development of agricultural industrialization in Xinjiang is unbalanced. There are not many enterprises engaged in agricultural industrialization and deep processing of agricultural products in Xinjiang. Even if the deep processing of agricultural products is promoted, there is still a problem of limited processing and transformation capacity, and most of them are in the primary processing stage.

3 path selection-the idea of promoting agricultural development in Xinjiang

(1) Increase the transfer of rural labor force.

Attach importance to the organization, management, training and guidance of rural labor transfer. Change farmers' values, step out of the primary industry, move towards the secondary and tertiary industries, strengthen farmers' vocational skills training, make them have a skill, and promote agricultural income and wealth. Combined with rural reality, pay attention to the principle of cross-regional, nearby, perennial and seasonal transfer of rural labor force.

(2) Strengthen the construction of agricultural bases.

Increase the construction of cotton production base, characteristic fruit base and characteristic animal husbandry base in Xinjiang. The construction of agricultural development base in Xinjiang should pay attention to policy support, policy implementation, agricultural subsidies, brand effect of agricultural characteristics and advantages, scientific production and management, agricultural industrialization level, diversification of agricultural varieties and scientific agricultural science and technology.

(C) to promote the development of agricultural industrialization in Xinjiang

Increase the deep processing of agricultural products in Xinjiang, encourage, support and guide the development of agricultural enterprises, enhance the degree of deep processing, and increase the added value of agricultural products.

(four) the implementation of national agricultural preferential policies.

The implementation of the policy is the best guarantee to implement the national policy of benefiting farmers. We will strengthen agricultural subsidies and implement policies to benefit farmers, such as direct grain subsidies, subsidies for improved wheat varieties, subsidies for the purchase of large-scale agricultural machinery and tools, and returning farmland to forests and grasslands. Strengthen the training of farmers and implement agricultural tax, animal husbandry tax, agricultural and forestry specialty tax, etc.

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