He treats students affably and has a democratic style. He advocates self-study and encourages in-depth thinking and learning. He announced in class: if anyone feels that the teaching content can't meet the needs, he can quit from behind. At the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China, colleges and universities adopted the Soviet syllabus, and the content of basic theory courses was much heavier than before. Some young teachers who came to class recently reported that they had learned little in the past and were unfamiliar with a lot of content, and asked them to make up lessons. He patiently explained to himself that these teachers should study at work and learn in practice. That's what he did himself. Nearly 60 years old, he still takes part in Russian learning, listens to lectures by Soviet experts with his classmates and never misses classes, setting an example for young teachers.
Gui Zhiting is an experimental physicist, and his great achievements in his life are inseparable from experimental observation. He has great affection for the laboratory. Even if he is the head of the department, dean and other positions, teaching and administrative tasks are busy, he often goes to work in the laboratory. Doing it yourself is his pleasure. Behind the desk at home, there is a tool board with a set of commonly used tools neatly placed on it. He pays special attention to the cultivation of experimental skills of his research assistants and students, and personally guides the trial production, installation and debugging of new equipment. In his diary, you can find some records of doing experiments at that time. He once said: "My feelings with some colleagues in the department were established when I was repairing instruments in the laboratory." He often stressed that the use of instruments should not be greedy for novelty, precision and foreign affairs, but should make the best use of everything and learn to choose and use instruments correctly.
He is an expert in geophysics, but encourages students not to follow their own footsteps. When he directed his first graduate student in the 1940s, he pointed out two alternative research directions for students. One is ionospheric physics that I am engaged in research; The other is biophysics. At that time, biophysics was still in its infancy, and he was far-sighted and foresaw its coming vigorous development. In addition, he paid close attention to the problem of whistle propagation in the 1940s. All these prove his foresight in science.
1960, Gui Zhiting began to write the book Geomagnetism and Ionospheric Radio Wave Propagation. Unfortunately, his physical condition was not very good at that time, so he could only finish the first draft in his hospital bed and died soon. His last book was not published by his students until 1985. China's ancient geomagnetic knowledge is in a leading position in the world, and there are many records in history books. However, China lags behind outsiders in the measurement of geomagnetic constants. Since the late Qing Dynasty, Russians, Japanese, Germans, Americans and French have all conducted geomagnetic surveys in China, but no one in China has presided over this work. 193 1 year, supported by the geomagnetic department of Carnegie Institute, Gui Zhiting made use of school holidays to conduct geomagnetic surveys in North China, South China and West China. To 1935, * * * scored 94 points. The measurement results in North China were published in the Chinese Journal of Physics, Vol. 1,No. 1, 1933. This is the first time that China people have measured geomagnetic constants in their own country.
The variation of geomagnetic field is closely related to the current in the ionosphere. Gui Zhiting considered the plan of ionospheric exploration in China during his short-term study in the Department of Geomagnetism of Carnegie College 1935- 1936. 65438-0936, the Institute of Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences observed the dependence of ionospheric electron concentration on partial solar eclipse. This is the earliest ionospheric research achievement in China. One of the three observers this time is Liang Baixian, a student of Guizhi Pavilion. Later, Gui Zhiting and his student Song started routine vertical ionospheric sounding in the campus of Huazhong University in Wuchang. At that time, during the period of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Wuhan was attacked by air and the working conditions were very difficult. They tried their best to obtain the inspection records from June 1937 to June1938 for 9 months. This is the first time that China has conducted routine observation and research on the ionosphere. This research has achieved two breakthrough results: one is the important phenomenon of "expanding F layer" which was noticed and reported by Gui Zhiting and American scientist H.G.Booker almost at the same time; The other is that Gui Zhiting found that the critical frequency of Wuhan F2 layer obviously exceeded the expected value of latitude distribution. Later, he attributed this phenomenon to "longitude effect", which was actually the ionospheric equatorial anomaly summarized by E.V. appleton and Liang Baixian in 1947.
1943 Gui Zhiting was sent to visit the United States as a famous scholar in China. During his stay in the United States, he helped Wuhan University to study the ionosphere in cooperation with the American Bureau of Standards, and when he returned to China in 1945, he brought back a DTM-CIW3 semi-automatic ionospheric potentiometer with Professor Xu Zongyue. 1946 The official observation began at the wartime campus of Wuhan University in Leshan, Sichuan at 0: 00 on the New Year's Day, and the free layer laboratory of Wuhan University was established.
After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, Wuhan University moved back to Wuchang from Leshan. On August 20th, 1946, the free layer laboratory resumed observation in Wuchang. Gui Zhiting led Liang Baixian, Xu Zongyue and other teachers and graduate students in physics and electrical engineering departments to do a lot of observation, analysis and research, and exchanged information and achievements with dozens of observation stations around the world. Since then, a basic team of early ionospheric research in China has taken shape. Under the leadership of Gui Zhiting, in just a few years, the research on the geomagnetic control phenomenon of the critical frequency of F2 layer, the appearance law of F2 layer and the ionospheric effect of solar eclipse in the free layer laboratory was at the forefront of the world at that time. From 65438 to 0949, Gui Zhiting was employed as the editor of Jowrnal, an internationally renowned academic journal GephysicalResearch》Jowrnal was the first China scholar among the editors of this journal.
After the founding of New China, the ionospheric research initiated by Gui Zhiting of Wuhan University has been developing continuously. 65438-0955, Wuhan University set up the major of ionosphere and radio wave propagation, and resumed enrolling graduate students. 1978 developed into the Department of Space Physics and the Institute of Radio Wave Propagation and Space Physics. In preparation for the International Geophysical Year, Wuhan University cooperated with Institute of Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences 1956 to establish a geophysical observatory (now affiliated to Wuhan Institute of Physics, China Academy of Sciences), and Gui Zhiting was employed as a part-time researcher at the Institute of Geophysics. 1960 Wuhan university established Huangpi experimental station. Since then, talented people have come forth in large numbers and achieved fruitful results, all of which are condensed with the painstaking efforts of senior scholars such as Gui Zhiting. Gui Zhiting was born in the devastated China era. His study and work experience, family and social relations are closely related to overseas countries, especially the United States. Throughout his life, he showed patriotism and ambition to serve his country at any time and anywhere.
When he was studying abroad, he abandoned literature to deal with literature in order to "save the country through science". In France, as a citizen of an allied country, he enthusiastically served the workers in China. 19 19, the upsurge of the may 4th movement spread to the United States, and China students from Cornell university held a symposium. Gui Zhiting made a tearful speech at the meeting, saying that it was his duty to save the motherland. Once, a white friend praised his research ability and said that he was "as white as a white man". He immediately claimed that he was "as yellow as a yellow man."
The scientific research he is engaged in has the characteristics of China. Geomagnetic survey and ionospheric research reflect the regional characteristics of China. He used to be engaged in the work of measuring dielectric constant, and also chose tung oil, a specialty exported in China at that time. 1942 at the Sichuan branch of the 10 annual meeting of the Chinese Physical Society held in Chengdu in April, he and his colleagues reported two papers on measuring the dielectric constant of oil and lubricating oil. He studied in missionary schools and abroad for a long time, and seldom came into contact with China's ancient books. However, when I was studying geomagnetism in 1930s, I personally looked through the materials and learned about China's achievements in geomagnetism in ancient times. All these are reflected in his diary and posthumous works.
According to American law, after Xu and Gui Zhiting get married, they will automatically give up their American citizenship, but after certain procedures, they can restore their American citizenship. However, the couple encouraged each other, and no matter what difficulties and setbacks they suffered, they would never waver in their dignity as China people. They are upright and will never change. In the late period of the Liberation War, an American friend wrote to persuade Gui Zhiting to go abroad and found him a job. He declined politely and insisted on staying at home to welcome the birth of the people of China. During the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, Gui Zhiting and his wife insisted that their daughter stay at home and join the army. 1978 Xu went abroad to visit relatives, and despite the retention of 93 relatives from four generations abroad, he resolutely returned to China at the age of 80.
During the Republic of China, Gui Zhiting never joined any political groups. Even when the Kuomintang pressured the presidents of the colleges to join the Kuomintang, he resolutely refused. However, shortly after the founding of 1956, he joined the Jiu San Society and served as the vice chairman of the Wuhan Municipal Committee of the Society.
Gui Zhiting actively participated in the activities of the Early Physics Society of China. From 1943 to 1945, he served as a director of the Chinese Physical Society (* * * has 12 directors). Before and after that, he also served as the supervisor of Ren Xuehui, the deputy director of the Terminology Review Committee and the member of the Journal Committee.
In order to commemorate this famous physicist who has a certain influence in the world, Wuhan University and the Wuhan Municipal Committee of Jiu San Society held a grand meeting to commemorate his 90th birthday from1October 9 to1October 9 1985. At the same time, the Guizhiting Scholarship of Wuhan University was established and his legacy was published.