Sima Tan's Essentials of Six Classics in the Western Han Dynasty is an important academic paper, which is a summative criticism of the thoughts and academic debates of pre-Qin philosophers. In this paper, the philosophers are creatively divided into six schools, named Yin and Yang, Confucianism, Mohism, Ming, Fa and De respectively. And give a comprehensive and fair evaluation to the six schools. If the case is solved, it is not easy to become an immortal. At the same time, this article is also a highly antagonistic political text aimed at the political and ideological line of Confucianism at that time.

Huang Lao's learning in the early Han Dynasty. The study of Huang Lao was first formed in Jixia Xuegong in the late Warring States period, and it was also a grand view in the early Han Dynasty and entered the golden age. Taoism appeared in the form of Huang Lao, and it also had its own characteristics in the early Han Dynasty.

In fact, the study of Huang Lao, based on the study of Lao Zi in the name of the Yellow Emperor, is actually a major turning point in the history of Taoist development. This shift is manifested in three aspects:

1. Huangdi and Laozi are a strange combination. Huangdi is one of the three emperors and five emperors in the history of China, and Laozi is a hermit. In fact, the representatives of Taoism in the pre-Qin period were hermits, while the representatives of the family of the ecliptic, such as Cao Can, were all prime ministers. Dou Taihou's Huai Nan Zi, a good ecliptic, was written by Liu An, the king of Huai Nan.

2. The Laozi school of Huang Laodao, whose ideological feature is to advocate old learning. Desalinate Zhuangzi's learning, and at the same time adopt the theories of various schools of thought, especially Confucianism and Yin-Yang School, so as to synthesize the learning of various schools of thought on the basis of old learning.

3. The ideological core of Huang Lao's research is "governing by doing nothing", which was applied to the political operation of the Han Dynasty after the chaos in the late Qin Dynasty, highlighting its profound political significance. Compared with pre-Qin Taoism, the study of Huang Lao cared about politics, which showed great political advantages in the case of losing everything in the early Han Dynasty. The policy of "protecting the people" was formulated under the guidance of Huang Lao's thought.