On the new development of modern international economy and trade.
Introduction: With China's accession to the WTO and the new development of globalization, liberalization and networking of international economic and trade, China must seize the opportunity to innovate and promote the rapid and healthy development of China's economy under the new situation of international economic and trade development.
First, the new development of modern international economy and trade
With the rapid integration of the world economy, the trade and economic development of all countries in the world presents a new trend of economic globalization, trade liberalization, regional economic integration and trade transaction networking.
(A) the new development of economic globalization
The modern international economy is developing towards globalization, and the whole international market is interdependent and developing together. Nowadays, economic organizations and financial activities among countries cooperate with each other, influence each other and are closely linked, and finally converge into a global unified market. With the development of global economic integration, the corresponding global economic management mechanism and economic globalization strategic policies have been established worldwide, which have standardized the economic behavior of the global economy and defined the development direction of economic globalization. In the development of modern economic globalization, a global open market has been established, enabling all kinds of effective resources, new technologies and financial funds to be freely selected and optimally allocated on a global scale.
(B) the new development of trade liberalization
With the new development of economic globalization, it has promoted the new development of trade liberalization to a certain extent, and the economies of various countries are closely linked with the international market. The development of world economic globalization requires all countries to eliminate trade barriers to the maximum extent, optimize the allocation of various effective resources on a global scale, minimize costs and increase global benefits. The establishment of the World Trade Organization conforms to the new trend of global economic development and provides institutional guarantee and effective substantive promotion for international trade liberalization.
(C) the new development of modern regional economic integration
With the development of economic globalization and trade liberalization, various economic organizations of regional economic integration have appeared all over the world, which makes the modern regional economy develop towards integration.
(D) the new development of modern trade transaction networking
With the development of network technology and knowledge economy, the modern trade transaction mode presents the trend of networking, and a new kind of Internet trade appears, that is, using modern network technology and electronic information platform to conduct business activities and trade transactions, and the whole transaction process from trade negotiation to contract signing to cash on delivery can be realized on the Internet.
Second, China should seek new breakthroughs in economic and trade development according to the current development situation.
(A) pioneering and innovative, improve the technical level of science and technology industry
1. Increase China's investment in scientific research. Compared with the scientific research investment of developed countries, China's investment is seriously insufficient, which restricts the rapid development of China's knowledge economy and hinders China's trade. Therefore, we must increase investment in scientific research and vigorously promote and apply scientific research results.
2. Further deepen the reform of the science and technology system, establish a new mechanism to meet the needs of the modern market and the requirements of scientific and technological development, and solve the problem that China's economic development is out of touch with scientific and technological development.
3. Establish innovation consciousness, cultivate high-tech talents, strengthen the combination of scientific research and practice, and create support for scientific research institutes to enter enterprises, so as to better improve the industrial technology and innovation ability of enterprises and accelerate the technological development of science and technology industries in Chinese enterprises.
4. Improve the single channel of science and technology investment and optimize the structure of science and technology investment. Vigorously promote the development of the capital market, improve the venture capital mechanism, establish a national science and technology investment fund, and build a multi-channel investment system to better promote the benign development of the science and technology industry.
(2) Standardize Internet trade transactions and encourage foreign trade.
With the development of network technology and knowledge economy, the modern trade transaction mode presents the trend of networking, and internet trade has become the main trade mode to open up overseas markets. However, at present, China is relatively short of advanced computers and high-end network technicians, and the basic network facilities are relatively backward. Many enterprises still lack sufficient understanding of the importance of the future development of Internet trade, so China's Internet trade environment and market still lag far behind developed countries. Therefore, China must accelerate the development of internet trade and encourage foreign trade.
As a brand-new trade field, internet trade has a very broad development space, but there are still many problems and disadvantages, such as the security of trade transactions, the timeliness of electronic contracts, the protection of intellectual property rights, and the handling of trade disputes, which have seriously affected the stable development of internet trade. Therefore, China must be highly alert to the development of the modern international market and further formulate and improve the relevant policies, laws, regulations and standards of Internet trade, so as to effectively guarantee and standardize the orderly and healthy development of China's Internet trade.
(3) Participating in and coordinating international trade relations.
While accelerating its adaptation to the new development of modern international economy and trade, China must pay attention to establishing a good international image and actively participate in and coordinate international trade relations, so as to better safeguard the interests of China's foreign trade. As the largest developing country, China shares common interests with other developing countries, so it is very important to maintain close contact and coordination in international relations and safeguard everyone's interests. In addition, China should improve its trade, financial and investment relations with neighboring countries in the Asia-Pacific region, give play to China's role as a political power, actively participate in the coordination of economic issues in the Asia-Pacific region, and establish a good international image of China.
Concluding remarks
Therefore, China should seize the opportunity, closely follow the new development of modern international economy and trade, standardize Internet trade transactions, encourage foreign trade, explore and innovate under the new situation of international economic and trade development, and promote the rapid and healthy development of China's economy.
On the Influence of International Economic Development on China's Economy
International economic integration is the basic trend of social and economic development in the world today. In the process of economic globalization, China should speed up the reform and construction of domestic system to make it more suitable for global market rules; Give full play to comparative advantages and actively expand foreign trade; Attach importance to scientific and technological development and human resources training strategy; Establish a global development strategy, actively cultivate multinational companies, and further promote the development of international economic integration.
Keywords: international economy; China economy; affect
First, the opportunities brought by international economic integration to China's foreign trade development.
Opportunities brought by international economic integration to China's economy.
International economic integration has brought historic opportunities to China, which is embodied as follows: (1) International economic integration helps China to make use of the capital export, advanced technology and equipment and management experience of developed countries. (2) Economic globalization urges China to constantly adjust its industrial structure and export commodity structure, thus speeding up its economic development. (3) The development of economic globalization and the gradual increase of the proportion of international trade will help China give full play to its comparative advantages and actively carry out international trade in order to gain greater benefits. (4) Economic globalization is beneficial to the development of multinational companies in China.
1.2 Opportunities brought by international economic integration for China to attract foreign investment.
International economic integration has built a bridge for the foreign trade development of China and other developing countries. We can clearly see that the use of foreign capital and foreign investment is beneficial to developing countries. Judging from the current development trend of world investment, China faces many favorable conditions for attracting foreign investment:
First, the trend of global economic integration is strong, multinational companies are becoming the main business model of large companies in various countries, and capital will flow more frequently internationally.
Second, because China's economy is growing well at present, it is expected to maintain steady and rapid growth, which will attract a lot of international surplus capital.
Third, the Southeast Asian financial crisis led to a rapid decline in the solvency and confidence of a large number of emerging countries, and their external credit ratings were downgraded. In the next few years or even decades, foreign capital flowing into these countries will be greatly reduced. The reduction of external credit ratings of these countries will make China's competitiveness relatively higher, and it will take an increasingly big advantage in attracting western investment.
1.3 Opportunities brought by international economic integration to China's foreign trade development.
After the integration of the world economy, China has been opening to the outside world, thus expanding its foreign trade. After nearly 20 years of reform practice in China, foreign economic relations and trade have become an important part of China's national economy and the most important growth point of China's economy. In recent years, the annual growth rate of China's gross national product is about 7%-8%, of which the percentage of GDP growth driven by foreign trade is about two percentage points. That is to say, about14 of China's annual economic growth is achieved by foreign trade. In this case, economic globalization has promoted the growth of China's international trade, and the trade structure has also changed.
Economic globalization has accelerated the capital flow in China, and it is diversified. Because it facilitates the transfer and settlement of international funds, it creates favorable conditions for the further development of China's trade. At the same time, China's surplus and deficiency of funds can be distributed around the world, and idle funds can be converted into profitable capital, so that China's trade is not completely controlled by domestic savings and capital accumulation, thus better developing foreign trade.
Second, the impact of international economic integration on China's foreign trade development
For China, economic integration is like a handful? A double-edged sword? It not only provides unprecedented opportunities for our country, but also brings many problems. Therefore, our country is facing severe challenges.
2. 1 Impact of international economic integration on China's economy.
First of all, economic globalization has increased the possibility of economic fluctuations in China. Under the background of economic globalization, international economic fluctuations such as inflation, deflation and financial crisis will affect China through the transmission mechanism of the international economy. China's market is underdeveloped, its economic structure is relatively fragile, and it is more vulnerable to external unfavorable factors. If the domestic policy is improper, a serious financial crisis or even the whole economic crisis may occur.
Second, economic globalization will have a certain impact on domestic industries and markets. Economic globalization makes it increasingly impossible for China to integrate its domestic market with the international market and protect its industry by closing the market. In the past, under strict trade protection, China established many industries with no comparative advantage. With the influx of foreign goods and direct investment, these industries will face a huge impact from foreign competitors, and some industries will inevitably be eliminated.
Third, economic globalization may endanger China's economic security.
This is reflected in:
(1) Economic globalization has made China in unprecedented fierce international competition, and its original comparative advantage has gradually lost.
(2) Global free trade rules have greatly weakened China's ability to open its own doors and protect its own industries and markets.
(3) China's important economic fields may be manipulated by multinational enterprises in developed countries, which makes a small and imperfect market and fragile national industries in trouble.
(4) The instability of international financial capital flows, especially the existence of a large number of speculative capital, makes China's small and imperfect financial market more vulnerable to shocks.
2.2 the impact of international economic integration on China's foreign trade attractiveness. Capital is the source of trade. If China wants to develop its foreign trade well, it is necessary to attract foreign investment. After the international economic integration, China is also facing great challenges in attracting foreign investment through trade.
First, the lowering of the external credit rating of the region caused by the Southeast Asian crisis will make European and American countries more cautious in lending and investing in Asia, and greatly reduce the capital flowing to Asia, thus bringing greater difficulties to China in attracting foreign investment in the 2 1 century.
Second, the two-way flow of direct investment between developed countries will not change fundamentally at present. At the same time, many emerging regions are also vigorously introducing investment, which makes China face more intense regional competition in introducing foreign investment. Third, Latin America, post-transition Eastern Europe and CIS countries have also relaxed their foreign investment policies, making the competition in the international capital market more intense. With the increase of international investment hotspots, countries are competing to attract foreign investment, which will make China face more fierce competition in utilizing foreign investment in the early 20th century.
2.3 the impact of international economic integration on China's foreign trade development.
First, from the perspective of trade in goods, scientific and technological progress promotes globalization, the trade in scientific and technological products grows fastest, and the international exchange rate of labor-intensive products is increasingly unfavorable, which weakens the pulling effect of trade on China's economy.
Second, from the perspective of service trade, the information revolution has promoted globalization, and information-intensive service industry has become the pillar of world economic growth, while the lag of China's service trade will drag down the national economy.
Third, from the perspective of processing trade: intra-industry division of labor? It is the foundation of globalization, and processing trade is its manifestation. However, China's processing trade is at a low level, so it is difficult to get more benefits from the division of labor.
Fourthly, from the perspective of trade policy, trade and financial liberalization go hand in hand with globalization, and China's economic system is undergoing transformation. If the reform is not accelerated, the trade policy will be difficult to adapt to the process of liberalization.
Third, China's foreign trade response to international economic integration.
3. 1 Countermeasures of China's economy in the face of international economic integration.
In the face of international economic integration, we should actively respond and formulate corresponding countermeasures according to China's overall economic development level: (1) Reform focuses on institutional innovation, while opening up focuses on upgrading the level and improving international competitiveness. (2) Based on China, take a broad view of the world and create a road of economic development with China characteristics. (3) improve the quality of the people and improve the utilization rate of human resources. In the final analysis, the competition in the process of international economic integration is the competition of talents. Only in this way can we adapt to the development of globalization, make full use of the favorable conditions brought about by international economic integration and resist some negative factors brought about by economic globalization.
3.2 In the face of international economic integration, China's foreign trade countermeasures
On the premise of international economic integration, after formulating the overall development countermeasures of China, according to the specific situation of China's foreign trade development, we should also (1) develop foreign investment and gradually form our own multinational companies and famous brands. (2) Expand foreign trade export and improve foreign trade structure. Promote the export of technology, equipment, products and services by investment, and change the previous mode of mainly relying on product trade and export. (3) Transfer the obvious excess production capacity in China and promote the adjustment of industrial structure in China. (4) Using foreign capital overseas, and using direct, indirect and policy financing locally. (5) By participating in global resource allocation, local resources can be obtained or directly utilized, and the constraints of China's resource shortage on economic development can be alleviated.
Fourth, summary.
International economic integration has accelerated international competition and promoted global economic growth. Due to economic globalization, the spatial distance between countries has been greatly shortened. Faced with this big international market, China participated in fierce competition, made use of its comparative advantages, formulated corresponding policies and measures, made efforts to develop new technologies and new markets, and promoted the improvement of its own productivity, so China's trade also increased by leaps and bounds.