General's psychological quality. Ancient military strategists discussed a series of psychological qualities that generals must have from both positive and negative aspects. For example, Sun Tzu's art of war thinks that generals must have. Wisdom, faith, benevolence, courage and strictness; Woods' The Art of War puts forward that generals should be "civil and military, both rigid and flexible" and pay attention to rationality, preparedness, success, moderation and moderation. Sun Bin's The Art of War analyzes the psychological reasons for the failure of some generals, such as "unable to be self-sufficient, arrogant", "greedy for position and money" and. The Guardian pointed out that the general must be alert to "three contradictions": vanity, deafness and blindness. "Six Roads" expounds the influence of the general's psychological quality on the army: "Without mercy, the three armies are not close; If you are not brave, the three armies will not be sharp; If you are not wise, you will be suspicious of the three armies; If the unknown, the three armies will be greatly inclined; The emblem is not refined, and the three armed forces lose the opportunity; Will not often quit, but the three armed forces are caught off guard; Without strength, the three armed forces will default. In the Ming Dynasty, Qi Jiguang discussed the relationship between "general talent, general heart" and "general morality".
(2) the psychology of running the army. First, both civil and military, reputation and love are equally important. For example, Ge Liang's "Gangwon": Therefore, it is important to be a soldier, to have a heroic heart, to be strict in rewards and punishments, to be both civil and military, to exercise the ability of combining rigidity with softness, to talk about etiquette and music, and to be both wise and brave. Second, manage a few people and be well-organized. For example, Sun Tzu's Art of War: "Many people fight like few people, and the name is also; The masses of the three armies can make those who are destined to be attacked by the enemy and not defeated. Third, don't be suspicious and trust subordinates. For example, Sun Tzu's Art of War:' So, you are suffering from the army because you don't know that the army can't enter, but you can't retreat if you don't know that the army can't retreat. It means you're fighting the army. You don't know the three armed forces, you are in charge of the three armed forces. In other words, a chaotic army will lead to victory. "Fourth, the method of fighting, first save. For example, Sima Fa's "The Righteousness of the Son of Heaven" said,' Scholars cannot exist first and cannot be obtained.' "Gathering Soldiers in Zhengqi Hall" puts forward the specific content of educating and training soldiers: "The method of saving soldiers should be to practice courage first; To practice courage, learn skills first. Good skill, courage, and strong soldiers. Fifth, severe punishment is clear, and soldiers are treated like children. For example, Wei Liaozi proposed to "enjoy mountains and punish streams" in running the army. Zhuge Liang pointed out that the general should' raise people as his own children'. " At first, the school' advocated' not to sit, and you didn't eat until you sat. Sixth, boost morale and disintegrate the enemy. For example, Li Zhi's Taibai Mute in the Tang Dynasty said,' Stimulate people's hearts, inspire people's spirit, make people happy; Enlighten the masses and make people willing to fight; It makes people die happily. That is, to support the war by fighting, to support the reward by rewarding, and to support the scholars above. There is an article devoted to "Yan Qi" in the Unique Law of Sun Bin, which divides the connotation and methods of inspiring ten Qi and morale into five aspects: joining the army to gather people, [inspiring Qi]. Re-join the army, run the army and benefit the gas. Close to the enemy, it is important to strengthen the spirit. Sun Tzu's Art of War also put forward the method of "avoiding its spirit and beating it to death". "
3) Tactical and psychological factors, mainly manifested as "all is fair in war"; It is said that the attack is unexpected: third, if you don't hit the temple, you will win; Fourth, the soldiers will block and win without fighting; Fifth, surprise and endless changes; Sixth, take the initiative to attack, not against others; Soldiers have no constant potential, because the enemy will win; If you die on the 8th, you will be born. If you are lucky, you will die. Generally speaking, it focuses on three aspects. One is initiative, that is, striving for initiative in war and preempting psychologically. The other is flexibility, that is, adopting flexible tactics in war. The third is cleverness and deception, that is, being good at using psychological warfare to split and disintegrate the enemy, shake the morale of the army and be passive.