● Qinyuanchun
Chen Renjie
Poetry is not poor, and human feelings are not as good as being an official.
There are mountains and rivers, vegetation and vertical and horizontal paper; Insects, fish, birds and wild animals are flying.
It is not difficult to take the Chinese book exam at the age of 24.
Only poetry is dry and pure, and creation is bound to be sad.
Zhang Jin and Xu Shi are idle. They may not be famous for a long time.
Counting the southern dynasties, I have several surnames that continue to this day; The West Lake is the only scenic spot, the solitary mountain.
Elephants are piled on the bed, cicadas are everywhere, and there is no such new poem handed down from generation to generation.
Ling Du was old and self-sufficient when he was young.
There are many "sad" works in China's classical poetry, and poetry seems to be a symbol of the poet's despair. In the Preface to Poetry, Zhong Rong listed six kinds of people's sufferings from "As for going to the country, the concubines of Han Dynasty resigned to the palace", and all the sufferings brought by these sufferings should be expressed by He Long song. Only in this way can Zhong's literary creation, which is "poor and easy to live, secluded and bored", be closely linked with the author's misfortune, and make some mediocre literati think that literary works are ominous and will lead to disaster, that is, "no regrets, no disasters." Therefore, Ouyang Xiu in the Northern Song Dynasty refuted the view that poetry can make people poor. Inspired by Ouyang Xiu and combined with his own feelings, the author wrote this poem, which fully affirmed the value of the poet and showed the broad mind and extraordinary self-confidence of a generation of literati.
"Poetry is not poor, and human nature is better than poetry. It is better to be an official." The author pointed out at the beginning that poetry will not make people "poor". Some people say that poetry is not as beautiful as being an official! Here, the author fully affirms the phrase "Men and guests should laugh at each other, and a word is better than a good official" in Zheng Gu's Silence in the Tang Dynasty. At the beginning of the poem, concise and lively language set poetry against being an official, fully affirmed the value of the poet by winning the poem over the good official, and embodied the persistent pursuit of poetry creation by ancient literati and the language they really loved. "There are mountains and rivers, vegetation and vertical and horizontal paper; Insects, fish, birds and animals. " These four sentences are translated into Ouyang Xiu's above words, saying that there is a vast world in the poet's chest, and the pen can drive mountains and rivers, plants, insects, fish, birds and beasts, and everything enters poetry. The words "vertical and horizontal" and "flying" here are very vivid, which show gloomy mountains and rivers, vegetation and vibrant insects, fish, birds and animals very vividly and outline a colorful artistic image world. "The 24-year-old Chinese book test is not difficult." "Examination", the official department evaluates officials every year, and the first anniversary of taking office is an examination. Zhongshu is the order of Zhongshu, but in the Tang Dynasty, Zhongshu Province was the highest official and prime minister. In the middle Tang Dynasty, the tired officials went to Qiu and Zhong Shuling, and were named King Fenyang, with the title of "respecting the father" and dominating the world. Among them, Zhong Shuling has the longest time, taking 24 exams. These are respected not only by secular eyes, but also by orthodox historians. However, the author uses two simple and vivid metaphors: "When the water comes, the wind sails fast" to illustrate that it is not difficult for us to get tired of senior officials, but it is only a matter of time. There are so many loyal ministers and good generals, not to mention other mediocre people. People say that the author uses a pen in this way to compare the rarity of poets and further compare being an official to writing poems. What's so hard about being an official? The author replied: "only poetry is dry and pure, and creation is bound to be sad." "Qingqi" refers to the handsome and cool spirit beyond the heroic spirit. Cao Pi wrote in Dian Lun. It is pointed out in the article: "Writing is mainly based on qi, which is turbid and has a body, and cannot be caused by force." He believes that the article is divided into two parts according to the author's temperament. Here, the author excludes those who are obsessed with turbid qi from poets, and thinks that poetry is a concentrated expression of clear qi between heaven and earth, so the creator is unwilling to give it easily. The implication is that poetry is rare. Only by getting rid of the vulgarity in the world can we get clarity between heaven and earth and write clear poems. The author closely links the writing of poetry with the spirit of communication between heaven and earth, but actually points out that poets are born from the essence of heaven and earth, which can be described as praising the poet's value to the extreme.
After the movie, I started from the fact that all the great people in the world are not expensive. "Zhang Jin and Xu Shi are both idle people and may not have long-term achievements." The descendants of the Buddha and Zhang Tang made friends with their spouses, the Xu family and the Shi family. When Emperor Xuandi proclaimed himself emperor in the Western Han Dynasty, they were four big families. They are all high-ranking officials or nobles, and they were admired by people for some time. The author thinks this is extremely common. He used the word "Hunxian" to catch all these great people at that time. Indeed, the popular figures at that time did not necessarily have any "fame" that was beneficial to society and mankind. It is perfectly reasonable that they will disappear over time. "In the Southern Dynasties, the surname was based on this number; The West Lake Scenic Area is just an isolated mountain. " This verse vividly compares the dignitaries in history with the poets in history. "Southern Dynasties" refers to the Song Dynasty, the Qi Dynasty, the Liang Dynasty and the Chen Dynasty, all of which were based on Jiankang and were partial to Jiangzuo, so they were called Southern Dynasties. At that time, most of the nobles were corrupt, and Wang, Xie, Fan and Gu took turns in charge of state affairs. At that time, everyone was arrogant, but today some people have little memory of the rich and noble. Although the ancient dignitaries are mentioned here (including "Zhang Jin Xu Shi" in the rhyme), they actually refer to Shi Miyuan, Jia Sidao and others in the Southern Song Dynasty. They are either dead or arrogant, and the world looks askance. The author thinks that they will be spurned by people sooner or later. On the contrary, Lin Bu, a poet who lived in seclusion with his wife Mei in the early Song Dynasty in the West Lake, has always been remembered by people because he did not seek wealth. His residence has also become a scenic spot in the West Lake, adding infinite charm to the lakes and mountains, praising the poets who created spiritual wealth, trying to belittle wealth, fame and fortune, and expressing the poet's anger of despising powerful people. At this point, the author is still unfinished. "Like a pile of beds, cicadas are full of crowns, and there is no such new poem handed down from generation to generation." "Wat" was held by ancient officials. During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, Cui Chengqing was a high official, and every year, a son-in-law was present at the family banquet. "This group of photos is beautiful, and the water is placed on a couch and overlapped with it." After that, many people used to refer to the children of bureaucrats as high officials. There was a legendary name "Full Bed" in Qing Dynasty. The "cicada crown" decorated by The Story Of Diu Sim by the officials of the emperor's attendants in the Han Dynasty later became synonymous with dignitaries. These two sentences mean that aristocratic families can arrange their children to occupy senior positions and pass on wealth and power to them, but it is impossible to give them the talent to help the world. They won't have poems handed down from generation to generation, nor can they create spiritual wealth. Writing here, the author is full of the pride of the poet. So he quoted Du Fu, who can arouse the poet's pride most. "Ling Du is old and complacent when he was young." The sage of poetic country, a giant creator of spiritual wealth, left people unparalleled spiritual wealth, and he paid attention to the sufferings of the country and people all his life. However, he himself is often trapped by hunger and cold. A son and a daughter died of hunger and cold, and finally he died of poverty and disease. The poem quoted by the author was written by Du Fu when he was trapped in Chang 'an in 756. He was naked and hungry, and wrote this famous "Empty Capsule". One of them says, "The well is not frozen in the morning, but it is not cold in the bed at night." Du Fu's contemporaries included many "five-spirit teenagers", courtiers and courtiers, and even romantic emperors, but they were all forgotten by people like passing clouds. However, this poet, who only "saved a penny to study" at that time, was widely admired in the Song Dynasty for his wonderful poems (some people compared Du Fu to Confucius in the Song Dynasty) and became the admiration of many poets. The author used the authority of this poetic country to overwhelm the authority supported by the rich and powerful forces in the world (feudal society), and the whole poem reached a climax. The word came to an abrupt end. These three sentences not only match the rhyme of the words, but also show that the poet whom the author respects most is a poet who loves his country and his people.
This poem "Qinyuanchun" expresses his views on the role of poetry, discusses the poet's position, and also expresses his persistence in writing in cold and hunger. The poet's condemnation of the strong reflects the author's firmness, and the whole poem is full of persistence in poetry creation, showing the lofty sentiments of "being poor but unable to move". The tone of the word is high, vigorous and majestic, and the brushwork is ups and downs. The author repeatedly compares poets with dignitaries, and dignitaries are getting worse and worse. Guo Ziyi was really a national hero, who made great contributions to the Pingan-Anshi Rebellion and refused the Tubo invasion, while Zhang Jin-Hsu was half a hero and half a consort, but these heroes were only loyal to the Han Dynasty and had little to do with the Anbang Rebellion, much worse than Guo Ziyi, while the generals in the Southern Dynasties were. The poets used for comparison, from ordinary poets to Lin Bu, who lives in seclusion in the mountains, to Du Fu, are all promoted step by step, highlighting the theme more vividly, and the arrangement can be described as ingenious. Adapted into the content of the performance, the author's words are quite appropriate and accurate. For a hero like Guo Ziyi, as long as the objective conditions are met, it is "not difficult" to say it. For "Zhang Jin" and others, "Hunxian" is used, which shows the author's contempt for them. The word "calculate" is used for "general of the Southern Dynasties", which means "everything is enough". This is a negative influence on the children of the nobility.
From this perspective, the rhetoric of this word is simple and easy to understand, but it is very expressive.
● Qinyuanchun
Chen Renjie
In the year of weak crown, I went to Hedong with my family and tasted the restaurant with my friends. Not only Zhong You, Shicheng wins the class in sight, with a flat Huai as a seat, but also a compartment. Since then, I have traveled to Hu Aishan in the north, crossing the river from Qi 'an to the middle of the lake, traveling in Baling, boarding Yueyang Tower and seeing the grand view of Jingzhou. The remains of Sun and Liu are still there; Mountains and rivers are covered with vegetation, which is not satisfactory. Go back to Beijing and visit the West Lake in Fengle Building. I sighed for a long time because I said that my friend is "charming in the southeast, and a woman has a man." When you are full of food and wine, the book is written on the east wall. Boxers in Jiaxi fall in autumn, and Huan also falls in autumn.
Write down the upstairs, and write poems with Yueyang Tower and wine.
Looking at the mountains and rivers, Jingzhou wins; The sunset is dead, and six generations rise and fall.
Pack up Zhongmou, call back Liu Bei, and laugh and kill Jingsheng dolphin and dog.
Is it a dream to come back to the West Lake and sigh?
You know, you know, you don't even know about the civil war.
Hate the lonely mountain frost, plum withered old leaves; When the embankment is flat, the willow cries.
Leiyu Smoke flies from the Pearl River to the Huaihe River, and Wan Li sends drums, fluttering in the wind.
Old man, it's such a thing, use a hair cone!
Appreciation of Chen Renjie's Ci
This poem was inscribed on the east wall of Fengle Building in Lin 'an, the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty, and was written in late September of the 4th year of Jiaxi in Song Lizong (1240). At that time, the regime of the Southern Song Dynasty gradually declined, like erosion in the wind, while Mongolia was thriving and eyeing. The author was born at this time, and there will inevitably be anger and injustice in his heart. The main meaning of this word is to express this kind of mood. The preface before the poem describes in detail his travels in places of interest in the Jianghuai area from the time he went to Jiangdong Cao at the age of 20 to write this poem. The preface is ambitious, unrestrained and distinctive.
The first paragraph of this word describes the process of sightseeing, and the next paragraph immediately expresses his feelings.
Beginning: "Remember upstairs, and Yueyang Tower, drinking and writing poems". The first floor refers to the building built when Jiankang was built; Pour the wine. This is a work that comprehensively describes the heroic feats of the poet who traveled in Jiang, Huai and Jing. Next, it is expressed from two aspects. One is "Looking at the mountains and rivers in the distance, Jingzhou is better than shape", and the other is to see "the sun sets and the Six Dynasties rise and fall", that is, to see the remains of the Six Dynasties between Zhong You, Shicheng and Pinghuai, which triggered feelings about the rise and fall of history.
Of course, the poet's sense of rise and fall runs through the whole poem from beginning to end. Even when he returned to Beijing, he sighed because he read his friend's words. "The southeast is charming, and women have men." The former one looks at "Jingzhou wins in shape", which shows the infinite space, while the latter one looks at "the rise and fall of the Six Dynasties" and traces back to the long history. The change of time and space gives readers an infinite and infinite feeling, so it is full of interest.
"Help Zhong to get up, call back Liu Bei, and laugh and kill Jingsheng dolphin and dog." Jing was promoted to Liu Biao, and the dolphin dog refers to his son Liu Cong. This is the author's memory of the heroes of the Three Kingdoms, Sun Quan (Zhong Mou) and Liu Bei (Xuande), because of his personal experience in the Six Dynasties. And caused a feeling of "there are still ancients". Pei Songzhi quoted Wu Li as saying in the Biography of the Three Kingdoms Wu Shu Wu Zhu: When Cao Cao saw Sun Quan's The Purge of Ships, Vessels and Armies, he sighed: "The son should be like Sun Zhongmou, and the son of Liu Jingsheng should be like a dolphin and a dog's ear! It can be seen that the poet's choice of this allusion is meaningful. Cao Cao was full of praise for Liu Cong who betrayed his Sun Quan, and despised Liu Cong who surrendered to him, comparing the situation of Song and Meng at that time. The poet deliberately laughed at the weakness of the Southern Song Dynasty court.
"Is it a dream to come back to the West Lake and sigh?" In the first stage, things and people are used to take care of the present and escape from the past. In this stage, things and people (West Lake) return to reality, which lays the foundation for the film to express feelings. Connecting the preceding with the following, we really achieved "the most important thing is not to destroy the meaning of the song." In the face of the dangerous situation of bonfires and sorrows everywhere, the rulers of the Southern Song Dynasty were still drunk and dreaming of death. Inside and outside the West Lake, there is still a scene of singing and dancing. Chen Renjie debunked the suspicion that "this is a dream" or "this is not a dream", attacked and angrily accused the incumbent.
Next movie: "You gentlemen are so full of powder and paint that you don't even know about the civil war." In the Southern Song Dynasty, the image of playful, paper-grasping and ignorant monarch and minister jumped from the page.
Then, the poet used the scenery to express his feelings, which condensed infinite indignation and infinite sadness in the landscape picture: "I hate the lonely mountain with heavy frost and withered old leaves;" The flat embankment is dry and rainy, and the willow weeps. Lei Yu smokes, the Pearl River flies, and Wan Li sends drums to the wind. "Here, the thick frost on the lonely mountain, the torrential rain in Su Causeway and Bai Causeway, the withered plum leaves and weeping willows have all become the products of the poet's emotional projection, which has placed the poet's deep concern about the world. Isn't the national fortune of the Southern Song Dynasty as shaky as the withered plum leaves and weeping willows? Lei Yushan; At that time, Huaishui was attacked by Mongolian troops, and the war was endless. On the front line of Wan Li, the wind is blowing hard; The drums are endless. As a scholar, the poet has no choice but to serve the country, and his anger is beyond words.
"Ex-husband, just like this, with a hair cone?" Ex-husband refers to intellectuals who dance and write; Hairpin, that is, writing brush. The poet classified himself as an "ex-husband", which contained some self-deprecating meanings; Only by abandoning literature and promoting martial arts can we save the country in such a sinister situation. What's the use of dancing and writing in the country? Expressed a desire to fight for the motherland. Chen Rong, a native of Changle, Fujian, compared Chen Renjie to Li He in Poems and Postscripts on Turtle Peak, which is quite insightful. Both Chen Renjie and Li He want to die for their motherland.
Although this poem is rarely embellished, the surrounding atmosphere and the author's passion can be clearly expressed, and the language is vigorous and powerful, which can even be compared with Liu Kezhuang, Liu Chenweng and other new poets in the late Song Dynasty.
Qinyuanchun
You can print it, and then people will believe it. Liu Cha was not well-known before. Two articles on snowmobiles and icicles were awarded by the Korean government and were named Alina Zhang within one day. It's not too much to ask for a fork collection and read the rest of the works. Those who have survived to this day will be awarded the title by Korean public office. Nowadays, there are so many talented people all over the world that they are not only fork forks, but also worse than Han Palace. It's hard, but it's not, and it's not easy to know. I'm not embarrassed to recite the poems in the valley. Thinking about the ancients. It's no harm for him to meet bosom friends occasionally. \\
I don't hate the end of the road, but I hate not seeing the ancients all my life. There seems to be Guo Tai, Vicky, Xie Shang in the boat, appreciating Justin. This is also like learning from Sun Ding and Chao with Su. It's safe now, but the wind is strong and the grave grass is green.
Jiangdong is not clear without me. Politics should be divided into two parts. Sighing the glory of today's people, only trimming, gentle and lonely, eventually because of Zongmeng. Looking at the Yangtze River, I was fascinated by Dongye, but I laughed at the success of Han Palace. A bosom friend hates gold, but tears flow clear.