In a word, it is to maintain the normal operation of Linux system and related software services, program codes (Java, Php, Python) and enterprise core data, so that enterprises can provide services to their customers with high quality, efficiency and speed, thus making profits and making money. With the growth of enterprises, the number and demand of servers and services will increase exponentially, and there are more requirements for the ability of operation and maintenance and the number of operation and maintenance personnel. During the operation of the whole enterprise business system, technologies such as system, network, database, storage, development, security, monitoring and architecture are involved, which puts forward higher requirements for the ability of operation and maintenance personnel.
Linux operation and maintenance post classification
□ Hardware operation and maintenance: hardware maintenance, such as servers, switches, routers, storage, load balancing and other equipment.
□ Network operation and maintenance: network equipment maintenance: switch, router and office LAN maintenance.
□ System operation and maintenance: Infrastructure maintenance, focusing on systems and applications, and also involving hardware networks.
□ Application Operation and Maintenance (SRE): maintenance and troubleshooting of business R&D environment, test environment and online environment.
□ Monitoring operation and maintenance: monitoring and alarming the services of all server clusters in the whole business system.
□ Database operation and maintenance: responsible for data storage scheme design, database table design, index design and SQL optimization.
□ Security operation and maintenance: security scanning, penetration testing, security tools, emergency handling of security incidents, etc.
□ Operation and maintenance development: develop operation and maintenance tools and platforms, as well as automatic and intelligent operation and maintenance.
The operation and maintenance engineer also includes some low-end positions, such as network administrator, monitoring operation and maintenance, IDC operation and maintenance, and on-duty operation and maintenance. These jobs are hopeless and need to be improved as soon as possible.
Responsibilities of Linux operation and maintenance engineer and technology stack
The general Linux operation and maintenance engineer's work from enterprise entry to intermediate level is roughly as follows:
□ Select IDC computer room and bandwidth, and purchase physical servers.
□ Related to the purchase of cloud services and CDN services.
□ Establish the deployment stress test and formal business system operating environment (such as website operating environment).
□ Be responsible for daily project or business code online, troubleshooting, code rollback, etc.
□ Back up and recover enterprise data, and deal with various failures in website operation (such as hardware failure, software failure, service failure, data damage and loss, etc.). ).
□ Monitor the running status and faults of the website, and solve the potential safety hazards of the website in advance.
□ Develop automation programs (shell, python) or platforms to improve work efficiency.
□ According to the increase of traffic, plan and upgrade the website cluster architecture in advance, and increase business applications according to the company's needs.
□ Procedures and specifications, and formulate operation and maintenance systems and specifications.
□ Cooperate with developers to deploy and debug the test environment and code release required for product development.
□ If the company is small, it may also be a part-time network administrator, network engineer, database administrator, security engineer, technical support and other responsibilities.
The operation and maintenance tools involved in the Linux platform are: Linux system, Linux basic commands, Nginx, Apache, MySQL, PHP, Tomcat, LVS, Keepalived, SSH, Ansible, Rsync, NFS, Inotify, Sersync, OpenVPN, NTP, Kickstart/Cobbler, KVM, OpenStack, Docker, K8s, MongoDB, Redis, Iptables, SVN, Git, Jenkins, Docker, K8s/Shell/Python/Go, etc. In addition, it may involve knowledge of switches, routers, storage, security and development.
Generally speaking, junior and intermediate Linux operation and maintenance engineers are mostly in the stage of using tools and software, and the salary of Internet companies in first-tier cities is generally 8,000-20,000/month. The average number of education graduates in old boys is 13- 15K.
Career development direction: system architect, database engineer, operation and maintenance development engineer, system network security engineer, operation and maintenance manager and operation and maintenance director.
2. Now many training institutions come to schools to promote Linux, that is, cloud computing or something. Tuition is very expensive, almost twenty thousand, four months. I want to know if this training is necessary, and how big is the gap if I teach myself?
Answer: LINUX operation and maintenance training institutions are mixed, so we must keep our eyes open. If you train in our institution, it will take about 5 months, and your graduation should be no less than 15K. If you teach yourself, it will take a long time and it will not be easy to learn badly. Unless you have the perseverance to study for 6- 12 months.
3. What is the prospect of this industry? People in training institutions say that there is no market for Android iOS development, and now only Linux, open source and the like are the best.
A: Linux has a good development prospect.
As we all know, the global Internet and mobile Internet are still developing at a high speed, especially the Internet of Things. In order to survive, all companies must be connected to the Internet (and also use the Internet to provide services and make money), which makes the development of the whole Internet increase day by day.
Linux system is safe, stable, free and efficient, and the source code can be changed freely. 1-2 More than 98% Internet companies and mobile Internet companies in the city have applied the system. For example, Baidu, Tencent, Alibaba, Taobao, JD.COM Mall, Xiaomi, 58 Tongcheng, Sina, Netease, Didi Taxi, mobike, etc. all use Linux operating system extensively. Foreign companies have a soft spot for Linux, such as Google, Facebook, Amazon, etc. It is no exaggeration to say that as long as you can say casually, almost all companies in the background are using Linux (including Microsoft, the manufacturer of Windows, which is also close to Linux), we use it. It can be seen that Linux system is widely used, and it can be predicted that the future will be at least 10 years. Linux will be the most popular and widely used operating system on the server. No one. China countries are also vigorously supporting the Linux system. For example, 3000 primary and secondary schools in Jiangsu have begun to popularize Linux system.
Why is Teacher old boys so sure about the future popularity of Linux? This is because the genes that gave birth to Linux:
Linux system follows the GPL protocol, that is, everyone has the freedom to share and modify free Linux, and everyone has the right to obtain, modify and redistribute the source code of Linux system, but at the same time, the specific modified source code must be given. This license makes people all over the world willing to contribute to Linux without being stolen by some people and institutions.
1.2000-20 10 is the initial development stage of the Internet, and it is also the development stage of Sina, Sohu, Netease Portal and BAT. At this time, the network is mainly PC, which is growing rapidly.
2.20 1 1-2020, from the Internet to the mobile Internet, Didi, Tik Tok, Today Headlines, Meituan, etc. stood up. In addition to PCs, there are more mobile phones, tablets and explosive growth on the network side.
3.
202 1 By 2030, in the stage of Internet of Things+artificial intelligence, there will be a large number of clients besides mobile phones, tablets and PCs. Everything (washing machine, refrigerator, electric car, humidifier, rice cooker) can be networked as long as it is charged, and the number of clients and data have exploded. The foundation of artificial intelligence is big data, machine learning and deep learning.
4.2021-In 2025, the national party, government and army switched from Windows to Linux, and primary and secondary schools began to use Linux, and 99% of the backstage of large websites were Linux. For example, 3000 primary and secondary schools in Jiangsu began to popularize Linux system, and Linux will be popularized in the future.
Do you think there are more people surfing the Internet now, or more people making money online? Of course, there are many people surfing the Internet.
In the future, everyone will use the Internet to make money. At that time, the demand for service stability and personalization will be higher. Therefore, as an irreplaceable back-end server carrying data, Linux will inevitably become more popular, and the number of Linux operation and maintenance personnel will also increase greatly.
The foundation of the internet of everything, the future era, is the era when everything is possible to connect to the internet, not just PCs and mobile phones, infrastructure preparation.
With the advent of the 1.5G era, the road has expanded from 50 meters wide to 500 meters wide or even 5 kilometers wide.
2. The Internet of Everything needs a large number of IP addresses. IPV6 is coming, claiming that it can configure a public network address for every grain of sand on the earth.