Introduction: Fan Zhongyan, Shi Chenggong. He was a famous minister, politician, strategist, writer and thinker in the Northern Song Dynasty. His ancestral home was Zhangzhou (now Bin County, Shaanxi Province). In the name of daring to speak, he repeatedly wrote to criticize the then prime minister, so he was demoted three times. Song Renzong was a deputy prime minister when he was an official. Because he lost his father in childhood, he deeply felt the pain of the lower class. Fan Wenzheng Gong Ji has been handed down from generation to generation.

Extended information Fan Zhongyan lost his father when he was a child, and his mother remarried Changshan Zhu and changed her name to Zhu Shuo. In the eighth year of Dazhong Xiangfu (10 15), he was a scholar, granted the position of manager of Guangde Army to join the army, welcomed his mother to raise him, changed his real name, moved to Xinghua County Magistrate, a captain of Secret Pavilion, Tongguan, Chen Zhou, Suzhou and other places, and was repeatedly criticized for being outspoken. In the first year of Kangding (1040), together with Han Qi, he served as Shaanxi deputy envoy, appeasing and soliciting, and adopting the policy of "long-term farming" to consolidate the northwest frontier defense.

For three years (1043), Li Qing participated in the discussion of state affairs and launched the "Qingli New Deal". After the New Deal was frustrated, he was demoted to the capital and learned about Taizhou, Dengzhou, Hangzhou and Qingzhou. In the fourth year of Emperor Yangdi (1052), he changed his knowledge to Yingzhou, took office to help the sick, and died on the way at the age of 64. The King of Chu posthumously conferred the title of Minister of War, posthumous title "Zheng Wen", known as the Duke of Fan Wenzheng.

In August of the third year of the Qing Dynasty (1043), Fan Zhongyan made a summary of the imperial edict, aiming at the present situation of domestic troubles and foreign invasion (huge bureaucracy but low administrative efficiency) and foreign invasion (Liao and Xixia threatened the northern and northwest frontiers), and put forward ten reform plans, advocating clarifying bureaucracy, reforming imperial examinations, innovating military equipment and reducing corvee.

The content involves politics, economy, military affairs, education, imperial examination and other aspects and fields. Just a few months after the implementation of the New Deal, the political situation took on a new look: the bureaucracy began to be streamlined; In the imperial examination, practical argumentative papers were highlighted, and those with special talents were promoted by exception; Schools have also been established all over the country.

In the first month of the fifth year of Li Qing (1045), the opposition led by Xia Song attacked the reformists as "cronies", and Renzong released Fan Zhongyan, Fu Bi and other ministers, and the reform ended in failure. However, although the New Deal was only implemented for one year, it started the reform trend in the Northern Song Dynasty and became a prelude to Wang Anshi's "Xining Reform".

Reference source; Baidu Encyclopedia-Fan Zhongyan