The climate is complex and diverse: China has a vast territory, a wide latitude, a big gap from the sea, and different terrain types and mountains, so the combination of temperature and precipitation is diverse, forming a diverse climate. In terms of climate types, the east belongs to monsoon climate (which can also be divided into subtropical monsoon climate, temperate monsoon climate and tropical monsoon climate), the northwest belongs to temperate continental climate, and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau belongs to alpine climate. According to the temperature zone, there are tropical zone, subtropical zone, warm temperate zone, middle temperate zone, cold temperate zone and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Divided from dry and wet areas, there are wet areas, semi-wet areas, semi-dry areas and dry areas. In addition, the same temperature zone can contain different dry zones and wet zones; There are different temperature zones in the same dry and wet area. Therefore, under the same climate type, there will also be differences in heat and humidity. The complexity and diversity of terrain also make the climate more complex and diverse.

Abundant resources: It is an indisputable fact that China has a vast territory and abundant resources. Mineral resources, animal and plant resources, geographical resources and so on. Are extremely rich and diverse, which makes China's economic development rarely rely on the outside world in history. This resource endowment has also created the possibility for China's independent industrialization.

Dangerous terrain: China's territory is surrounded by the Pacific Ocean, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the Pamirs, the Tianshan Mountains and the Gobi Desert, which makes it more difficult for foreign countries or other civilizations to invade. In this geographical unit, Chinese civilization is unique. When Chinese civilization is strong, you can go out, such as Han and Tang Dynasties. When Chinese civilization is weak, you can also be a local rich man behind closed doors, such as the Song Dynasty.

Deviate from home and become self-centered: Throughout the history of the world, we will find that the home of human civilization has always been in the Middle East, which is not only the earliest birthplace of human civilization, but also a long-term game stage for major civilizations. Ancient Egypt, ancient Babylon, ancient Greece, Jewish civilization, Christian civilization and Islamic civilization all originated here and dominated human civilization for nearly 500 years. However, China's geographical environment is self-contained, which deviates from the Middle East civilization center to some extent, making Chinese civilization relatively independent in the development process.

These characteristics have left a deep impression on the history and culture of China.