Iron is a chemical element and the most commonly used metal. It is a transition metal.

Iron is a lively and strong reducing agent with valence of 0, +2, +3 and +6, and the most common valence states are +2 and +3. At room temperature, iron can slowly replace hydrogen from water, and the reaction speed is accelerated above 500℃:

Iron is difficult to react with oxygen in dry air, but it is easy to corrode in humid air, and it corrodes faster if it is in acid gas or halogen vapor atmosphere. Iron can reduce gold, platinum, silver, mercury, copper or tin plasma from solution.

Element Name: Iron

Element symbol: Fe

Atomic weight of element: 55.85

Element type: metal element

Chemical molecular formula: Fe

Number of protons: 26

Neutron number: 30

Atomic number: 26

Period: 4

Number of families: eight

Electron shell distribution: 2-8- 14-2

Ionization energy: (kJ/mol)

Male-male+759.3

M+ - M2+ 156 1

M2+ - M3+ 2957

M3+ - M4+ 5290

M4+ - M5+ 7240

M5+ - M6+ 9600

M6+ - M7+ 12 100

M7+ - M8+ 14575

M8+ - M9+ 22678

M9+ - M 10+ 25290

Content of elements in the sun: (ppm)

1000

Element content in seawater: (ppm)

Pacific surface 0.0000 1

Content in the shell: (ppm)

4 1000

Oxidation state:

Main Fe+2, Fe+3

The rest are Fe-2, Fe- 1, Fe0, Fe+ 1, Fe+4, Fe+5 and Fe+6.

Atomic volume: (cubic centimeter/mole)

7. 1 Mohs hardness: 6

Crystal structure: face-centered cube and body-centered cube.

Name origin: Anglo-Saxon: iron (iron); The element symbol comes from the Latin word "iron".

Element Description: Flexible and malleable silvery white metal. It ranks fourth in the earth's crust (56,300 parts per million), accounting for 35% of the whole earth. Most of the iron is in the core. The ninth richest in the universe.

Element source: from iron ore. Limestone, coke and iron ore are put into the blast furnace in layers, and high-temperature airflow is blown from the bottom to make the coke turn hot and red, so iron is reduced from the oxide, melted into liquid state and flows out from the bottom. Since the14th century, a huge furnace called blast furnace has been used to convert iron ore and coke into pig iron. Pig iron contains at least carbon, which is left over from coke in blast furnace. Pig iron is used to make tools, weapons and other articles. Since 1850, more and more pig iron has been produced into steel. Steel contains less carbon and is more elastic than pig iron. Steel is made by blowing air and oxygen into pig iron and melting it.

Distributed iron is one of the most widely distributed metals on the earth. It occupies about 5. 1% of the earth's crust, ranking fourth in the element distribution sequence, second only to oxygen, silicon and aluminum. Iron is the cheapest and most common metal. In the natural state, iron usually combines with oxygen and appears as iron oxide. Hematite and magnetite are two main iron ores. Nature Iron is a shiny silvery white metal, hard and malleable, with melting point 1535℃ and boiling point of 3000℃. It has strong ferromagnetism, good plasticity and thermal conductivity. The specific heat capacity is about 0.46 *1000J/kg *℃. When iron is exposed to humid air, it will corrode. Then it will form a reddish-brown, easy-to-fall oxide.