Max Planck was born in a well-educated traditional family. His great-grandfather gottlieb Jacob Planck (175 1 ~ 1833) and his grandfather Heinrich Ludwig Planck (1785 ~183) both. His father William Johann Julius Planck (18 17 ~ 1900) and his uncle gottlieb Planck (1824 ~ 1907) were also jurists in g? ttingen and an important founder of the German Civil Code.

Parker was born in Shulsburg, Wisconsin, USA, 1863. In order to supplement his meager salary, George Safford Parker became a middleman, mainly helping John Holland's pen company to sell pens to his students. He took each pen apart and repaired it, and then returned it to the students. In order to eradicate these defects, George Safford Parker designed and manufactured his own pen-Parker pen with his own mechanical experience. And founded Parker Company on 1888. Parker believes that only by "making products more perfect will people buy them". This business philosophy has been guiding Parker Company to make "better pens". This is the profound cultural connotation precipitated in Parker's works a hundred years later.