Fan Furen, biostatistician, maize breeder and agricultural educator. He has been engaged in teaching biostatistics and crop field test technology all his life, and is one of the main advocates and disseminators of this subject in China. The early research of maize breeding and cultivation is one of the main founders of maize heterosis utilization research in China. A large number of agricultural science professionals have been trained.

Chinese name: Mrs. Fan.

Birthplace: Yanqiao Town, Wuxi County (now Xishan City), Jiangsu Province

Date of birth:190965438+February 29th.

Occupation: biostatistician, corn breeder and agricultural educator.

Main achievements: one of the main founders of maize heterosis utilization research in China.

Masterpiece: principle and practice of field experiment

Gender: male

The life of the character

Mrs. Fan, 1909 12.29, was born in a family of traditional Chinese medicine in Yanqiao Town, Wuxi County, Jiangsu Province. There are five brothers and sisters. My father practices medicine and my mother manages the housework. He lost his father at the age of six. Although he has a small fortune and a hard life, he has been sensible and talented since childhood. Growing up in a small town, he heard and witnessed the hardships and hardships of farmers and the backwardness of agricultural production technology in the old society, which is closely related to his determination to learn agriculture and his lifelong commitment to agricultural education and scientific research in the motherland. 1929 After graduating from Changzhou Middle School in July, he was admitted to the Agricultural College of Hangzhou National Zhejiang University, and one year later he was transferred to the Agricultural Department of Nanjing Private Jinling University (Horticulture Auxiliary Department). He is devoted to his studies, diligent and hardworking, and especially likes courses such as crop genetics and breeding, biostatistics and English.

1934 65438+ 10. In February, Fan Furen graduated from Jinling University with a bachelor's degree in agriculture, and went to teach at Yichang No.2 Rural Normal School in Hubei Province. In August of the same year, he was recommended by his alma mater to join Nanjing Central Agricultural Laboratory as a technical assistant, engaged in wheat disease-resistant breeding, and made a lot of field experiments, observation records and identification. In recent three years, he has published more than ten papers in Agricultural News, Science, Journal of China Agricultural Society and other publications, introducing breeding progress at home and abroad, theoretical knowledge of breeding and research results of wheat disease resistance breeding, and also translated and published Principles and Practice of Field Experiment in cooperation with Professor Ma Baozhi.

Technical achievements

1In the summer of 937, War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression broke out, the Nanjing National Government moved inward and the people were evacuated. Fan Furen was transferred from Nanjing to Liuzhou Guangxi Agricultural Experimental Field as technical director. From 1938- 1944, as the main host, he devoted himself to maize introduction and hybrid breeding, and also improved vegetable varieties. During the period of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the working environment and living conditions were very difficult, but his ambition to devote himself to agriculture and revitalize China remained undiminished. He fought in the southern fields for many years, braved the heat during the day, insisted on observing, recording, bagging and pollinating in the fields, endured mosquito bites at night, arranged records at his desk, considered experimental implementation plans or read books, studied, wrote and edited. It is precisely because of the fighting spirit of him and his colleagues that Guangxi Agricultural Experimental Field became one of the largest and best corn breeding units in China at that time. During this period, he published many papers on maize breeding research in Guangxi Agriculture and other publications, translated or edited three books, and served as one of the editors-in-chief of Guangxi Agriculture. In addition, he also served as a part-time professor and lecturer in Guangdong Lingnan University Agricultural College and Ding Fan Township Government Construction College, Guizhou Province, teaching biostatistics and field experiment techniques. June1945-August 1946 was employed as a professor in the Agricultural College of National Guangxi University, teaching biostatistics, field experiments, vegetable gardening and other courses, and studying vegetables. After the victory of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, he returned to Jiangsu in the second half of 1946, and served as the chief of the agricultural section of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry of the National Government and the editor secretary of books and periodicals, mainly engaged in editing and administrative management; In Shanghai, he served as Commissioner of Agricultural Reclamation Management Office, specializing in editing mechanical agricultural reclamation magazines. On the eve of liberation, he was unmoved by the invitation and persuasion of Taiwan Province Province, and was determined to welcome the arrival of the new China.

Shortly after the liberation of Shanghai, Mrs. Fan applied for the post of agricultural professor of private Nantong College in September. 1949. 1952: The departments of colleges and universities in China were adjusted. He moved to Yangzhou with Nantong Agricultural College, and entered the newly established Agricultural College of Northern Jiangsu Agricultural College (1972 was renamed Jiangsu Agricultural College, and 1992 was renamed Yangzhou University Agricultural College) as a professor and director of the teaching and research section of crop genetics and breeding, giving lectures on crop breeding, field test technology, biostatistics and other courses. Once again, he glowed his long-cherished ambition to revitalize the motherland's agriculture and enthusiastically devoted himself to various political activities and teaching work. From 65438 to 0956, the CPC Central Committee called for marching into science, held a symposium of the Genetic Society in Qingdao, and implemented the policy of "letting a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend". With this "east wind", he led his assistants and students to prepare actively and resumed the corn breeding work that had been interrupted for nearly ten years. From then on, everything starts from scratch and leads everyone to do it in a down-to-earth manner. From the collection of raw materials, the determination of breeding objectives, the design and implementation of field experiments, and the summary of work, he was personally on the scene in every link, meticulous. Even during the decentralization of labor training and the "Cultural Revolution", he did not stop his research work. It is particularly worth mentioning that during the period from 1958 to 1962, in the spirit of insisting on truth and seeking truth from facts, he risked political risks to study corn close planting and published experimental results in newspapers to clarify the audio-visual situation. If he hadn't loved the Party, socialism and science, he wouldn't have had such great courage and wisdom. Unfortunately, at 197 1, he suddenly got cerebral thrombosis. Although he recovered after treatment, he needed to rest at home for a long time. Nevertheless, he still remembers his research on maize breeding. /kloc-0 died of illness on February 28th, 982. He was a member of China Democratic League.

Fan Furen is a famous biostatistician in China and one of the pioneers of early field experiment technology. Shortly after graduating from university, Professor Ma Baozhi from the Central Agricultural Laboratory co-authored with him and published the article "The Significance of Probability and Singularity and the Difference and Application of Important Statistics" (1936) in the Journal of Agriculture. 1937, they jointly translated and published Wichita and H.G. Sandel (Wishart &; Principles and implementation of Sanders field experiment (serial number of Central Agricultural Laboratory of Ministry of Industry 1). 194 1 translated and published biostatistics and experimental design by C. H. Goolden (Guangxi Agricultural Experimental Field SeriesNo. 1). The translation and publication of these two monographs have played a very good role in advocating and disseminating the principles and methods of field experiments and the application of biostatistics in agricultural research. While introducing the principles and methods, he also has some creative applications. For example, in the field test of intertillage crops, it is often encountered that the number of plants in the plot does not reach the expected number, which affects the accuracy of the test results. When using random block or Latin square design, this phenomenon can be eliminated by correlation analysis of variance, but there was no reasonable solution in the quasi-complex factor experiment at that time. After repeated thinking and verification, he first proposed to apply correlation variable analysis to quasi-complex factor experiment, which solved this problem. This paper, Discussion on the Application of Correlation Variable Analysis in the Test of Quasi-complex Factor, was published in Guangxi Agriculture, Volume 2,No. 1, and was recognized and adopted by the agricultural circles at that time.

As early as in college, Fan Furen especially liked crop genetics and breeding, especially corn hybrid breeding, a new science and technology, and paid attention to collecting information on the research progress of hybrid corn in the United States and corn production at home and abroad. From 65438 to 0936, he studied crop genetics, breeding and field experiment techniques with Professor H.K. Hayes, an American crop breeder. Professor Hayes was employed in the Central Agricultural Laboratory for one year. Professor Hayes's greatest contribution is crop disease-resistant breeding, and he also has expertise in maize genetics and hybrid breeding, which has a great influence on Fan Furen's later application of wheat disease-resistant breeding, maize hybrid breeding and field test technology, especially focusing on maize breeding and field technology. 1938, Fan Furen came to Guangxi agricultural experimental field, and under the conditions of war and very hard work and life, as the main host of maize hybrid breeding, laid the foundation for maize improvement in China. During the period of 1936- 1943, he and his colleagues collected 483 maize varieties with 673 ears from Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan and the United States, and conducted self-selection year by year. By 1943, 445 inbred lines, 765 1 ear, were obtained, and self-bred for 3-8 generations. 1939- 1943 continuous test cross, single cross and double cross, a total of 285 test cross species were obtained, with single cross species 137 and double cross species 178. The hybrids obtained in the previous year were compared in Guangxi every year, and the excellent inbred line 10 was found out. In order to gain time, he collected 64 maize double-cross varieties from America in 1938 and 1939 for trial planting. Through two years' experiment, it was found that the yield and insect resistance of seven maize varieties, such as Weikangxin 696, Maize 30- 13 and Iowa 939, were better than those of Guangxi local maize varieties. As it was at the most difficult stage in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the above achievements failed to play a role in production in time due to insufficient funds and poor conditions. In short, maize hybrid breeding in China was still in its infancy in the late 1930s and early 1940s, and the maize variety improvement work of Fan Furen and his Guangxi agricultural experimental field was the highest among the few scientific research units in China at that time. It is not an exaggeration to say that he is the main founder and one of the founders of maize hybrid breeding in China.

From 65438 to 0956, Fan Furen, his assistants and students continued and resumed the research work of maize hybrid breeding in Yangzhou. Although they are familiar with it, they have to start from scratch. He collected raw materials extensively and obtained thousands of varieties, hybrids and inbred lines successively, so he stepped up the breeding of inbred lines, tested and matched inbred lines and bred hybrids. Inbred lines with their own characteristics, such as Xiaojinhuang, Qidong Dahuang, Su 82 1, Su 464, Su 42, Baichun corn, etc. Breeding, testing and matching were carried out successively, and single cross and double cross were selected and configured, and the comparative experiments between them were carried out. Going to Qiu Lai in spring, year after year, people who have gone through storms, mixed worries and joys and worked hard have not been rewarded for their persistent pursuit of their career. Excellent varieties and hybrids such as Su, Su 1, Yangzhong 540, Yangshuang 503 and Yang Dan 1 have been bred successively, including Su 1 and Yangzhong 540.

Fan Furen and his colleagues have also made gratifying achievements in the theoretical research of maize heterosis. A preliminary study on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of maize heterosis (1964, No.5 of Genetic Library) showed that (1) at each growth stage, the green leaf area and photosynthetic potential of single cross were higher than those of inbred lines, but the net assimilation rate of inbred lines was not lower than that of single cross lines; (2) The respiratory intensity of inbred lines is higher than that of single cross, which is confirmed by the activity of ascorbic acid oxidase; (3) Amylase activity, chlorophyll content, young spike differentiation and root development. It was found that single cross showed stronger advantages than inbred lines.

Biographical notes

1909 12.29 was born in Yanqiao Town, Wuxi County, Jiangsu Province.

1September, 929 to1July, 930, studied in the Agricultural College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang.

65438+September 0930-1934 65438+1October studied at the Agricultural College of Jinling University in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province.

65438+February 0934-65438+July 0934 Teacher of the Second Rural Normal School in Yichang, Hubei.

1August 1934 to1August 1937, 65438+February, served as the technical assistant of the Central Agricultural Laboratory of Nanjing Ministry of Industry.

1938 65438+ 10-1944 65438+February served as technical director of Guangxi agricultural experimental field.

1945 65438+ 10-65438+August 0946 Professor, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University.

65438+September 0946-65438+August 0948 Director of Agriculture Department of Nanjing Agriculture and Forestry Department and Member of Editorial Committee of Books and Periodicals.

65438+September 0948-65438+August 0949 Commissioner of Shanghai Mechanical Land Reclamation Management Office, editor-in-chief of Mechanical Land Reclamation magazine.

65438+September 0949-65438+July 0952 Professor of Agriculture, Jiangsu Nantong College.

65438+August 0952-65438+February 0982 Professor, Department of Agriculture, Subei Agricultural College, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, Director of the Teaching and Research Section of Crop Genetics and Breeding.

1982 died in Wuxi county, Jiangsu province (now Xishan city) on February 28th.

Main thesis

1 Mrs fan. Summary of the report on the first year of wheat regional test. Agricultural news, 1934 (1): 504 ~ 506.

2 Ma Baozhi, Fan Furen. Insect resistance of plants. Science, 1935, 19 (6): 840 ~ 85 1.

3 Ma Baozhi, Fan Furen. The essence of crop disease resistance. Science, 1935,19 (9):1384 ~1404.

4 Ma Baozhi and Fan Furen. Gansu breeding method. Journal of China Agricultural Society,1935 (136):15 ~ 37.

5 Ma Baozhi and Fan Furen. Resistance of wheat to brown rust. Journal of China Agricultural Society,1935 (139): 20 ~ 31.

6 Ma Baozhi and Fan Furen. Introduce Professor Hayes, a crop breeder in China. Science,1936,20 (4 20 (4): 303 ~ 3 10/0.

7 Ma Baozhi and Fan Furen. The significance of probability and even probability and the difference and application of important statistical tables. Agricultural news, 1936, 3: 689 ~ 696.

8 Ma Baozhi, Fan Furen. Effects of sowing date and sowing method on the damage rate of wheat head smut and wheat loss after disease. Agricultural news, 1936 (3):1013 ~10/7.

9 Ma Baozhi, Fan Furen. Field experiment and observation on wheat breeding for rust resistance. Journal of Agriculture, 1937 (4): 40 1 ~ 406.

10J。 Wishart & ampH.G Sanders Ma Baozhi. Trans. Mrs. Fan. Principle and implementation of field experiment. First edition. Nanjing: Central Agricultural Laboratory Series of Experimental Department (I), 1937.

1 1 Ma Baozhi, Fan Furen, Gu, Brief introduction of American hybrid corn in Guangxi. Guangxi agriculture, 1940, 1 (4): 207 ~ 2 13.

12c . h . goulden Trans。 Mrs. Fan. Biostatistics and experimental design (version 1). Liuzhou: Guangxi Agricultural Experimental Field Series,No. 1, 194 1.

13 Mrs. Fan, Gu. Discussion on the application of correlation variable analysis method in quasi-complex factor test. Guangxi agriculture, 194 1, 2 (1): 14 ~ 20.

14 Mrs. Fan. Design and analysis of field experiment. First edition. Liuzhou: Guangxi Agricultural Experimental Field Series,No.: 2. 1942. Second edition. Liuzhou: Nong Xin Enterprise Co., Ltd., 1948.

15A。 Translated by G.W.Beadle Fan Furen and Ma Baozhi of Sturtevant Company. Introduction to genetics. First edition. Liuzhou: Guangxi Agricultural Experimental Field Series, No.3, 1943.

16 Mrs. Fan, Gu,. Effects of sowing date on agronomic characters and moth damage of maize. Guangxi agriculture,1943,4 (1):10 ~18.

17 Ma Baozhi, Fan Furen. Resistance test of wheat varieties to stripe rust and brown rust (I). Guangxi agriculture,1945-1946 (5): 52 ~ 60.

18 Mrs. Fan. Maize breeding in Guangxi. Journal of China Agricultural Society,1948 (188): 31~ 36.

19 Fan Furen, Mo Huidong, Qin. Study on maize close planting. Journal of Agriculture, 1960,11(2):109 ~139.

20 Fan Furen, Mo Huidong. The problem of corn population. Jiangsu journal of agricultural sciences, 1962, Phase I: 23 ~ 35.

2 1 Mrs. Fan. Field experiment technology. First edition. Nanjing: Jiangsu People's Publishing House, 1962.

22 Fan Furen, Mo Huidong, Qin,. Study on maize density. Acta crops,1963,2 (4): 381~ 398.

Fan Furen, Mo Huidong, Qin,,. Study on maize planting pattern. Acta crops,1963,2 (4): 399 ~ 410.

24 Fan Furen, Qin, Mo Huidong. Preliminary study on physiological and biochemical characteristics of maize heterosis. Journal of Genetics, 1964 (5): 29 ~ 40.

Mrs. Fan. Biometrics. First edition. Nanjing: Jiangsu People's Publishing House, 1966. Second edition (revised edition). Nanjing: Jiangsu Science and Technology Press, 1980.