Li Da, who has long made a commitment to the country, chose to study science when studying in Japan, trying to "save the country through industry" and "save the country through science and technology". After the May 4th Movement broke out, Li Da realized that it was unrealistic to "save the country through industry" and "save the country through science and technology" under the rule of the reactionary government, so he gave up his science major and studied Marxism instead, and systematically mastered Marxist theory. Li Da secretly sent his own articles "What is Socialism" and "The Purpose of Socialism" back to China for publication, and became a pioneer in spreading Marxism in China.
1In the summer of 920, Li Da returned to Shanghai from Japan with the ideal of "returning to China to find comrades to do social revolution". In Shanghai, Li Da met two people who were very important to him, one was Chen Duxiu and the other was Wang.
On a hot morning, Li Da visited Chen Duxiu, whose name I had heard for a long time. It happened that Chen Duxiu was planning to organize China. Although it was the first time we met, we chatted very speculatively and agreed on issues such as organization and social revolution. Chen Duxiu was surprised by Li Da's profound knowledge of Marxist theory, praised him as a young sociologist, and urged Li Da to be the co-founder of * * *. Li Da readily agreed. In order to facilitate work and communication, Chen Duxiu invited Li Da to live in New Youth magazine, No.2 Laoyuyangli, Huanlong Road, and live with herself. 1In August, 920, Chen Duxiu, Li, Li Da and other eight people got together in New Youth magazine and formally established the early organization of Shanghai * * *, with Chen Duxiu as its secretary.
In the early stage of organizing Shanghai, Li Da also participated in the leadership of China Student Union in Shanghai Bowen Girls' School as a director of students studying in Japan. At that time, the student union had some connections with the Shanghai Women's Federation. Soon, Li Da met Wang, who worked as a secretary in the Women's Federation. After they met, they soon fell in love. The following spring, Li Da and Wang held a simple wedding in the editorial department of New Youth magazine presided over by Mrs. Chen Duxiu Gao Junman.
The early organization of Shanghai * * * is actually the initiating organization of China * * *, and it is the contact center for communist party people to carry out party building activities in various places. At this time, there is an urgent need for a publication to spread Marxism-Leninism, publicize the theory of party building and introduce the development of the international communist movement to Communist party member. 1920165438+1October 7th, Shanghai * * * organized and founded the first monthly party magazine in China. With rich theoretical foundation of Marxism-Leninism and editing experience, Li Dacheng became the editor-in-chief of * * *.
Li Da is the soul of * * * monthly magazine. In order to solve the shortage of funds for running a monthly magazine, Li Da actively contributed to the Commercial Press and ran a magazine with his own remuneration. In the most difficult time, in order to save money, he undertook all the work from writing to distribution of the monthly magazine, and even set up the editorial department of the monthly magazine in his home in order to save rent. At that time, the environment was sinister, and the reactionary authorities strictly prohibited "extreme radicalism" and traced the "extreme radical party" elements. Publications like "* * *" are even banned. In order to avoid being banned by the northern warlords, Li Da constantly moved the monthly magazine from one city to another for publication. Sometimes they were forced to take advantage of the contradiction between China warlords and imperialists and put one of them in the French Concession for printing. Li Da sent the monthly magazine to the members of the communist group by giving and sending. In the process of soliciting contributions for the monthly magazine, in order to ensure the political orientation of the publication, Uncle Li raised the banner of "* * *" in soliciting contributions, and he himself often wrote articles for the monthly magazine. Through Li Da's efforts, * * * Monthly was distributed nationwide with a maximum circulation of 5,000 copies. The early organizations in Shanghai * * * closely linked the early organizations in various places through the monthly magazine * * *, and gathered a group of young people who really established Marxism-Leninism around them. Because of this, Li Da was appraised by Mao Zedong as "Lu Xun in the theoretical circle" and praised "* * *" as "a clear-cut statement".
From 1920 to 12, Chen Duxiu went to Guangzhou, and Li served as the secretary of the early organization of Shanghai * * *. However, in February of 192 1, the differences between Li and Chen Duxiu on centralization and decentralization within the party became more and more serious. Li advocated decentralization, while Chen Duxiu advocated centralization. Li Da tried his best to mediate between them, emphasizing that the early organization of * * * had just been established, and everyone should strengthen unity. But mediation did not produce any results. Later, Li angrily resigned as acting secretary, and New Youth was forced to stop publishing. Li gave Li Da the list of party member and all the documents, and asked Li Da to be the acting secretary. In this way, from February of 192 1 to the first congress in the Communist Party of China (CPC), Li Da has been working as a secretary, undertaking a major initiation and organization work, integrating publicity, organization and liaison to prepare for * * *.
On June 3rd, 192 1, representatives of the Comintern came to Shanghai to get in touch with Li Da and Li, who presided over the work of the Shanghai Party organization, and suggested that the Party Congress be held as soon as possible to announce the formal establishment of China. Marin, the representative of the Comintern, also brought the meeting expenses. Each participant paid a toll of 100 yuan, and then each participant sent it to 50 yuan when he came back from the meeting. Li Da, Li Tong, Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao, after consulting and obtaining their consent, wrote to the party organizations in Beijing, Changsha, Wuhan, Jinan, Guangzhou and Japan respectively, asking each region to send two representatives to Shanghai to attend the party's national congress.
Li Da and Wang are responsible for the selection of the venue and the accommodation of foreign representatives. On the eve of the meeting, it is difficult for Li Da to choose the venue. At Wang's suggestion, the venue was finally settled at the home of Li Shucheng, Li's brother at No.0/06, French Concession Road. Wang arranged the delegates' accommodation in Bowen Girls' School not far from Li Mansion.
On the evening of July 23rd, the first National Congress of China officially opened in Shanghai. There are Li and Li Da present. Zhang He is in Beijing; Mao Zedong and He Shuheng in Changsha; Dong and Chen Tanqiu are in Wuhan; Wang Jinmei and Deng Enming in Jinan; Chen Gongbo in Guangzhou; Bao Huisheng appointed by Zhou Fohai and Chen Duxiu, students studying in Japan. At the meeting, Li Da, on behalf of the Shanghai Start-up Group, introduced the work of the Start-up Group since its establishment, and jointly drafted the party platform and actual work plan of the meeting with Zhang and Dong.
On July 3 1 day, because the meeting attracted the attention of the enemy, the delegates quietly moved to a cruise ship in Nanhu, Jiaxing for the last meeting, which was arranged by Wang. The meeting adopted China's first program and resolution, and determined the name of the party as "China"; The Central Presidium composed of Chen Duxiu, Li Da and Zhang was elected.
The first National Congress in communist party, China announced the establishment of China.
(selected from Xinxiang Review)
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