Wu Jianxiong (191May 31-1February 997 16), a Chinese-American nuclear physicist, was born in Taicang, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, and was known as "Madame Curie of the East", who made worldwide contributions to the study of β decay.

1934 graduated from the Physics Department of National Central University with a bachelor's degree and was employed as a teaching assistant in the Physics Department of National Zhejiang University. Later, he entered academia sinica to engage in research work. 1936 entered the university of California, 1940 received his doctorate, 1944 participated in the Manhattan project, and 1948 participated. 1958 was promoted to professor, 1958 was elected as an academician of the American academy of sciences, and 1975 was the first female president of american physical society. In the same year, President Ford awarded her the National Medal of Science, the highest scientific honor in the United States.

Wu Jianxiong 1982 was appointed honorary professor of Nanjing University, Peking University and University of Science and Technology of China, and member of the Academic Committee of Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. 1994 was elected as the first batch of foreign academicians of China Academy of Sciences.