1938 ——1944 studied in the medical college of national central university and obtained a bachelor's degree in medicine.

1944 ——1945 served as an assistant resident in the military hospital of the Central Army Military Academy.

1945 ——1947, Assistant, Postgraduate, Master of Science, Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, National Central University.

1947 ——1950 studied in the Department of Pharmacology, University of Chicago, USA, and obtained a doctorate in philosophy.

1947 ——1948 served as surgical resident assistant of the university of Chicago.

1948 ——1949 is a surgical resident at the university of Chicago.

1949 ——1951year, postdoctoral researcher in surgery, University of Chicago.

1951-1964 was a researcher at Shanghai Institute of Pharmacology, China Academy of Sciences.

1964 researcher, Shanghai Institute of Pharmacology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

1980-founded and edited acta pharmacologica sinica.

1982 —— Founder and editor-in-chief of new drugs and clinic, adjunct professor of Shanghai Medical University.

1984 Adjunct Professor of the Fourth Military Medical University.

1985 ——1989 is the first president of Shanghai Sci-tech Journal Editors Association.

1987 ——1991was the first vice-chairman of China Sci-tech Journal Editors Association. Honorary chairman from 199 1.

1988 —— Honorary Professor of the First Military Medical University and First Vice President of the Asian Association of Clinical Pharmacologists.