Forest (1904.06.10 ~1955.04.01)

Female, ethnic group: Han nationality, Minhou, Fujian, architect, professor, poet and writer. Lin is a famous architect and writer in China, the first female architect in China, and also praised by Hu Shi as a talented woman in China. In the early 1930s, Liang Sicheng and her husband used modern scientific methods to study ancient architecture in China, becoming pioneers in this academic field, and later made great academic achievements in this field. From the early 1930s to the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, in a few years, they traveled all over China, covering 15 provinces and more than 200 counties, and investigated more than 2,000 ancient buildings in China. Their work laid a solid scientific foundation for the study of ancient architecture in China, and they wrote more than 20 papers, prefaces and epilogues about architecture, some of which were co-authored by Liang Sicheng and others. In literature, she has written many works in her life, including essays, poems, novels, plays, translations and letters, all of which are excellent works, including You are April Day on Earth and Ninety-nine Degrees of Fiction. In addition, after 1949, Lin did three great things in art: the first was to participate in the design of the national emblem. The second is to transform the traditional cloisonne. The third is to participate in the design of the Monument to the People's Heroes in Tiananmen Square and make great contributions to the nation and the country. Unfortunately, her ambition didn't come true. 1, 1,1On the morning of April 5, she passed away at the age of 5 1.

Liang Sicheng (190 1- 1972)

Architect, from Xinhui, Guangdong.

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1901born on April 20th in Tokyo, Japan, the eldest son of Liang Qichao. I am studying in Kobe Wentong School in Japan.

1965438+In September 2002, I returned to China with my parents and studied in Beijing Huiwen School, Chongwen High School and Tsinghua School.

1923 graduated from Tsinghua University.

From June 65438 to June 0924, he went to the United States and studied at Cornell University and the Academy of Fine Arts of Harvard University.

1924 went to Cornell University in the United States and soon transferred to the Department of Architecture of the University of Pennsylvania.

1927 received a bachelor's degree in architecture from the University of Pennsylvania in February and a master's degree in June of that year. From July 0928 to February 65438, he studied the history of world architecture at Harvard University.

65438-0928 entered the Academy of Fine Arts of Harvard University. Married Lin in Vancouver, Canada in March, 2008. He returned to Beijing after inspecting the architectural art of Italy, France and Greece in Europe. In August, Liang returned to the Northeast, founded the Department of Architecture of Shenyang Northeastern University, and served as professor and head of the Department of Architecture of Northeastern University.

193 1 After the "September 18th Incident", he returned to Beiping to join the Chinese Architectural Society as a researcher and director of the French Department (to 1946), and devoted himself to the study of ancient buildings in China. After he took office, he organized an investigation team to look for the remains of ancient buildings in the barren hills. In the past six years, I have traveled all over 10 Yusheng and 100 counties in North China, and investigated more than 2,000 historical sites and cultural relics, and achieved important results:

1933, a two-story wooden structure in the Northern Song Dynasty-Guanyin Pavilion in Dule Temple was discovered in Jixian County. There are also wooden pagodas of Buddha Palace Temple in Yingxian County, Shanxi Province in the early Song Dynasty, and Tongguanyin in longxing temple, Zhengding County, Hebei Province.

/kloc-at the beginning of 0/937, he and his wife Lin (the first female architect in China) went to Wutai Mountain and found the wooden structures of Dabei Keji Hall and Shanxi Jinci Temple built in the Tang Dynasty.

After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Liang's family moved south, from North China via Central China to Kunming in the southwest. Under extremely difficult conditions, they still went everywhere to investigate and excavate ancient cliff tombs and cliff stone carvings in Buddhist and Taoist grottoes.

1939, he moved from Kunming to Lizhuang, Nanxi County, Sichuan Province, together with the Institute of History and Language of Academia Sinica, in order to use the books and materials of the Institute to study ancient buildings. After the field investigation was stopped by China Construction Society, he specially studied the ancient monograph "Building French Style".

194 1 was also a researcher at academia sinica.

1942 was commissioned by the National Compilation Center to compile the Architectural History of China, which took more than two years to complete.

65438-0944, Deputy Director of Cultural Relics Protection Committee of Ren Liang Theater.

1946, War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression won and Liang returned to Beiping. He suggested to the president of Tsinghua University that a school of architecture should be established, and the department of architecture should be established first. The school authorities hired him as the head of the Department of Architecture until 1972. 1 1 June, was sent to the United States for investigation. He was hired as a visiting professor by Yale University, and invited by Yale University to teach the art history of China.

1947 65438+1October-June as the representative of China as the consultant of the design committee of the United Nations Building. In April, he participated in the seminar of "Far East Culture and Society" of Princeton University, made two academic reports on "Sculpture in Tang and Song Dynasties" and "Architectural Development", and was awarded a doctorate in literature by the university. In June, he was once again hired as a visiting professor by Yale University. After that, he also attended the "Academic Conference on Form and Environment" held by the school to learn about the overall structure and scale of urban architecture. After returning to China, he suggested changing the Department of Architecture to the Department of Architecture in order to better train professionals in architecture and urban planning.

1948 received an honorary doctorate in literature from Princeton University. In April, he was elected as an academician of Academia Sinica.

From 65438 to 0949, after the founding of New China, Liang was still the head of the Department of Architecture run by Professor Tsinghua University, and was also employed as the consultant of the Ministry of Construction (the predecessor of the Department of Architectural Engineering) directly under the Central Committee. Member of the Faculty of Chinese Academy of Sciences, the first to fourth vice-chairmen of China Architectural Society, and the first to third vice-chairmen of Beijing CPPCC. As the design director of the national emblem, he presided over the design of the Monument to the People's Heroes in National Emblem of the People's Republic of China and Tiananmen Square.

1952, join China Democratic League.

/kloc-0 joined China in 1959. He is the first and second NPC deputies, the third NPC Standing Committee and the third China People's Political Consultative Conference. Long-term engaged in ancient architecture research and teaching. He has served as deputy director of Beijing Urban Planning Committee and Urban Construction Committee, member of Beijing Municipal People's Government, chairman of Beijing Civil Engineering Society, vice chairman of China Architecture Society, academician of China Academy of Sciences, member of National Association for Science and Technology, member of Science Committee, deputy director of the Capital Monument to the People's Heroes Construction Committee, director of the Architectural History Theory Research Office of China Academy of Architecture, chairman of Beijing Civil Engineering Society and vice chairman of Beijing Association for Science and Technology. I have participated in the top ten architectural design work in Beijing, put forward many suggestions on the protection of ancient cultural relics in Beijing, and made contributions to the protection of Tuancheng and Chengxian Street archways.

1962, Liang Sicheng went south to Guangxi for investigation and returned to Chakeng village, the hometown of Xinhui, to reunite with the villagers, to guide the reconstruction project of the overseas Chinese building in the county, and to put forward reasonable suggestions on the construction of the county. After returning to Beijing, he accepted the design of "Jian Zhen Monk Memorial Hall" in Yangzhou and made efforts to promote Sino-Japanese friendship. Joseph Needham, a famous British architect, called himself a "master who studies the architectural history of China".

From 65438 to the Cultural Revolution in 0966, he was persecuted by extreme "Left" forces, criticized as "reactionary academic authority" and physically and mentally destroyed.

1972 65438+1passed away in Beijing on October 9th at the age of 7 1. After smashing the Gang of Four, he regained his reputation and decided to sort out, edit and publish his works.