Fan Zhongyan (989- 1052) was born in Wuxian (now Suzhou, Jiangsu). In the eighth year of Dazhong Xiangfu (10 15), he was admitted as a scholar and was awarded the title of General Manager of Guangde Army to join the army. Injong, tired to move the official department YuanWaiLang, know KaiFengFu. In the first year of Kangding (1040), he was a bachelor of Longtuge, and together with Han Qi, he was an envoy of Shaanxi, knowing the state of Yanzhou, and strengthened the defense against Xixia. In the third year (1043), he served as the deputy envoy of the Council, participated in the discussion of state affairs, and answered and repeated ten things about Chen, demanding some reforms within the scope of the original statutes. Because of opposition, he presided over the "Qingli New Deal". The following year, he was appointed as the propaganda ambassador of Hedong Shaanxi and learned about Dengzhou and Hangzhou. You four years, moved to Yingzhou, died on the way, at the age of 64. Stone. Fu Bi wrote an epitaph (Fan Wenzheng and Gong Ji praised Ji Xian), and Ouyang Xiu wrote a tombstone (Ouyang Wenzhong and Gong Ji Volume 20). The History of the Song Dynasty and A Brief Introduction to the East Capital have been handed down to this day. There are twenty volumes of Fan Wenzheng and Gong Ji, four volumes of anthology, two volumes of memorial and three volumes of letters. Qiang Village Collection contains a volume of Fan Wenzheng's Poems, and Song Ci is a supplement to the five volumes of Zhong Wu Wen Ji. Wei Tai's Dong Xuanlu said that Zhong You kept frontier fortress day, and he wrote many poems in Fisherman's Passion, all of which began with "blocking Qiu Lai" and described the hardships of frontier fortress town. Only one song "Hengyang Goose Gone" has survived.
● Pick up the silver lamp.
Discuss with Ouyang in the public seat.
fan zhongyan
Last night, I laughed at Cao Suncao and Liu Bei for reading the Book of History.
Exhausted organs, in vain, only three minutes of the world.
Come to think of it, fighting like a common cause and getting drunk with Liu Ling?
The world is not a hundred years old.
Not so stupid, not so old, not so tired.
Only in the middle, some teenagers, endure the name?
A thousand dollars, asking white hair, how to avoid it?
Appreciation of Fan Zhongyan's Ci
Fan Zhongyan's first poem is an evaluation of history, a view of life, and an attempt to make a difference between the lines. However, the author has not completely got rid of the influence of the secular view that the word "Tao" is the last skill, which determines that the style of this article must be joking.
The main idea of the last movie is that when I watched San Lu last night, I couldn't help laughing at Cao Cao, Sun Quan and Liu Bei. They tried their best to be clever, but in vain, which only caused the world to be divided into three parts. Instead of fooling around like this, it is better to do nothing and get him drunk with Liu Ling. The next film uses the poetry of Bai Juyi's crazy lyrics, and he never lived to be a hundred years old in his life. When you are young, you are not sensible, but when you are old, you will be weak. Only a little youth is the most precious, how can we bear to use it to chase fame and fortune! Even if you are a high official and a millionaire, it is hard to bid farewell to the fate of old age! The whole article is written in pure spoken English with humorous style. It seems to be a naked propaganda of negative and inaction view of history, a philosophy of eating, drinking and having fun, and a decadent mood. In fact, it is a record of the poet's extreme depression because of his futile reform. It is difficult to get rid of the lump in the chest, so it must be watered with wine. In a rage, the wine was hot, and he complained to his old friends and said drunken words, which was quite the unspeakable taste of Qin Xue's "full of absurd words and bitter tears".
● Fisherman's pride
fan zhongyan
The scenery in Qiu Lai is different, and Hengyang Goose is unknown.
The four sides are connected with each other.
Thousands of miles away, the long smoke closes.
A glass of turbid wine is Wan Li's home, but Ran Yan hasn't come home yet.
The pipe strength is covered with frost.
People can't sleep, general, white hair and tears!
Appreciation of Fan Zhongyan's Ci
Fan Zhongyan's "Fisherman's Passion" changed a low and euphemistic tone and became an impassioned voice, which reflected the major issues related to the country and society in his words, which can be described as a big hand.
When Fan Zhongyan was guarding the border, he wrote a song "The Pride of Fisherman", which started with "Stop Qiu Lai" and described the hardships of the border town. Ouyang Xiu tasted the word "poor stop". There is only one song left. The first sentence is "Qiu Lai has different scenery", and "Xiaxia" refers to the whole Yanzhou area. At that time, Yanzhou was the northwest frontier and the military center to prevent the Xixia attack, so it was called "Xixia". "Qiu Lai" indicates the seasons. "Different Scenery" summarizes the different scenery of Yanzhou and the mainland in autumn. The author uses a word "different" to summarize the difference of seasonal changes between the north and the south, which contains the meaning of surprise. "Hengyang Goose went without paying attention." Wild geese are migratory birds. Every autumn, the geese in the north fly to the south to avoid the cold. According to legend, the Yan Hui Peak in Hengshan Mountain was named after the geese flew south to Hengyang, so Wang Bo said, "The cold was shocked by the cold, and the Hengyang pool was broken by the sound" (Preface to Wang Tengting). The word "Hengyang flying geese" also comes from this legend. "Inattention" means that the wild geese here spread their wings to the south in autumn, without nostalgia, which reflects that this area is bleak and desolate in autumn. The following is a continuation of the battlefield scene in Yanzhou in the evening: "Embattled." Starting with "edge sound", it always refers to all sounds with edge and local characteristics. This kind of voice rises with the sound of the bugle, forming a strong sad atmosphere and preparing for the next lyric. "Thousands of miles away, Chengguan is set in the sun by the long smoke", and the above sentence is about the surrounding environment of Yanzhou, surrounded by layers of mountains; The next sentence leads to the military struggle against Xixia. "Long Smoke and Sunset" won the charm of Wang Wei's famous sentence "The desert is lonely and the smoke is straight, and the long river sets the yen", and wrote the "magnificent scenery" beyond the Great Wall. The word "Lonely City Closed" is closely attached to Long Smoke and Sunset Red, which connects the phenomena seen and heard in series, showing people a battlefield landscape full of air conditioning and vaguely revealing the unfavorable military situation in the Song Dynasty.
In the following film, the phrase "a glass of turbid wine will make Wan Li" is the poet's self-expression. He shoulders the heavy responsibility of defending Cheng Wei. Over time, he will inevitably think of going to the countryside. The figures of "one cup" and "Wan Li" are in stark contrast, that is to say, a cup of turbid wine can't dispel the deep homesickness, and the words are vigorous and powerful. Homesickness is caused by "Ran Yan has no intention of going home". Ran Yan, the name of the mountain, namely Hang Ai Mountain, is now in the territory of the Mongolian People's Republic. In the first year of Han Yongyuan (89), Dou Xian was defeated by the Huns, pursued the northern Khan, climbed this mountain, and "carved a stone to return it" (the book of the later Han Dynasty. And emperor Ji "). The implication between the lines is that there is no way to return to China if the war is invincible, but it is even harder to win. "The tube is full of frost", and writing the night scene is a continuation of "long smoke and sunset red" in time. Guanqiang, or Qiangdi, is a musical instrument of the Qiang nationality in ancient western China. It makes a sad sound. There was a muffled sound of Qiang flute in the middle of the night, and the earth was covered with autumn frost. What you see and hear gives people a sad feeling. The next sentence: "people don't sleep", add the last sentence, which means that they haven't slept all night and are wandering in court. "The general's white hair asks his husband for tears", and he always accepts it when he asks for a husband. Patriotic enthusiasm, strong homesickness, and both constitute complex and contradictory emotions between generals and recruiters. This kind of emotion is mainly conveyed through the description of the whole scene and the rendering of the atmosphere, and the artistic conception is desolate and tragic.
This frontier poem not only shows the general's heroism and the hard life of his husband, but also implies his dissatisfaction with the Song Dynasty's policy of attaching importance to internal affairs and neglecting foreign affairs.
● Yujiexing
fan zhongyan
The fallen leaves are fragrant.
Rolling up the brocade curtain of pearl string, the magnificent castle is empty, only the sky is faint, and the milky head is sprinkled on the earth.
Every night, we can see the tulle moon, but the one we love is thousands of miles away.
Sadness is inch by inch, and it is hard to make yourself intoxicated if you want to drown your sorrows in wine.
Wine has no entrance, but it turns into bitter tears.
I know what it's like to sleep alone.
This bitter waiting is still far away, although it is a long time, there is no way to escape.
Appreciation of Fan Zhongyan's Ci
This word is a sentimental work, full of tenderness. The first part depicts the cold and silent scene of autumn night, and the second part expresses the feeling of loneliness and melancholy, from the scene to the emotion, the scene blends.
When writing the autumn scenery, the author only grasped the autumn sound and autumn color, which naturally led to Qiu Si. In autumn, a leaf falls, and in autumn, most leaves turn yellow and fall. Leaves fall on fragrant bricks, and you know autumn, needless to say. Night is an autumn night. The night is silent, not that there is silence, but that the cold sound is autumn sound. The sound comes from the tree, not from the tree. It turned out that the yellow leaves floating from the tree rustled on the steps.
It is written here that "fallen leaves are falling in succession", mainly by resorting to hearing, and perceiving the fragrance of fallen leaves through the rustling sound heard by the ears. The words "cold sound breaks" not only clearly point out that this soft sound is the sound of fallen leaves, but also points out that this sound is the autumn sound with a chill. Feel the sound of falling leaves through rustling, feel the sound of autumn through falling leaves, and feel the chill through autumn sounds. The word "cold" is beautifully written, which is not only the feeling of the climate in autumn and cold season, but also the feeling of loneliness and cold environment, and also the feeling of physical environment and mood.
"The real bead curtain rolls the jade building". On the empty high building, roll up the bead curtain and watch the night. The description of this section of the Jade Pagoda watching the moon is delicate and colorful, with the legacy of Huajian Ci poets and a sense of purity.
Here it says Jade House, the bead curtain is rolled up high, overlooking the sky, uninhibited. "The sky is grey and the milky way hangs down" is regarded as a good sentence by critics, because these six words outline the empty space in autumn night, which does not diminish Du Fu's momentum of "the stars are leaning down from the empty space". Because the bright moon is the most likely to cause acacia, writing acacia on the moon has become a common artistic conception in ancient poetry. "Every year tonight, the moonlight is like practice, and people are thousands of miles long", which is also written in this artistic conception. Its voice and feelings are frustrated and vigorous. Pearl curtain, Milky Way and moonlight are all unrestrained, magnificent and profound.
In the next film, the word "sorrow" is used to write the sadness of drinking and crying, the sadness of holding a lamp on a pillow, and the sadness of gathering eyebrows. In ancient times, drinking to relieve anxiety has become a common theme in poetry. Fan Zhongyan turned wine into tears, which not only reversed his meaning, but also turned it into a new layer with originality and innovation. He said in "Su Zhelian": "When wine enters sorrow, it turns into acacia tears." The first sentence says, "I'm exhausted and drunk for no reason." Before the wine arrives, you turn into a tear. " The intestines are broken, and there is no reason for wine to enter. Although it has not yet reached the sad place, it has turned into tears. Compared with the tears in the intestines, there is another layer of wrinkles and another layer, which makes the sadness more embarrassing and the feelings more sad.
Since the Book of Songs. When Guan Ju's "Wandering, Tossing and Turning" came out, ancient poetry often expressed its anxiety by lying in a restless seat. Fan Zhongyan said here that "the residual light closes the pillow." The outdoor moon is as bright as day, and the faint indoor light goes out. The two reflect each other and have a sad atmosphere. The pillow is inclined, and the expression of sad people leaning on the pillow and thinking about the lamp is written, which is more vivid than tossing and turning. "I feel lonely." Because of the foreshadowing of the previous sentence, this monologue is also very emotional and full of touching power. "Everyone comes to this matter", which is an unavoidable nostalgia. It's either lingering in my heart or frowning. Sadness, inner sadness is for the heart, and external sadness is for the face. The ancients wrote about sadness, assuming that sadness, like the "qi" in the human body, can go in and out of the body, so either writing about sadness is from the heart to the eyebrows, or writing about sadness is from the eyebrows to the heart. Fan Zhongyan said in the first sentence: "I don't intend to avoid it." Both of them are comprehensive and can be regarded as a reasonable sentence.
● Su curtain
fan zhongyan
Blue sky, yellow leaves, autumn colors, cold smoke, green waves.
The mountains reflect the sun, the sky meets the water, the grass is ruthless, and the sun is even more shining.
Dark homesickness, chasing travel, every night unless, good dreams make people sleep.
The bright moon building is high and lonely.
Wine becomes sorrow, acacia becomes tears.
Appreciation of Fan Zhongyan's Ci
This word expresses homesickness with deep, indirect and heavy strokes. The first article of the word is about the autumn scenery, which is very beautiful and far away, very dark and homesick; The next one directly expresses homesickness. The whole poem is carefully worded and has a profound artistic conception.
There are two periods and festivals in the first film, which depicts the vast and declining autumn scenery from two angles. In three or four sentences, from the blue sky and the wild to the autumn water that connects heaven and earth remotely. Autumn color refers to the blue sky and yellow leaves. This bright and golden land has been extended into the distance, connecting Simon Qiu Jiang at the end of heaven and earth. Above the river waves, there is a layer of emerald cold smoke. Fog was originally white, but because it is connected with the blue sky and green waves, it is the same color as the blue sky from a distance, such as the so-called "autumn water is the same color as the sky", so it is called "cold smoke green". The word "cold" highlights the autumn feeling given by this emerald haze. These two sentences are far apart, and cooperate with the first two sentences to form an extremely vast and colorful autumn map.
The last three sentences further connect the sky, the earth, the mountains and the water through the sunset and the grass, and the scenery extends from the line of sight to the imaginary horizon. These three sentences have strong subjective feelings and the word "emotion", which has made a powerful rendering and foreshadowing for the transformation of the scenery in the last movie into the lyric in the next movie.
Through the film, you can directly point out the "hometown soul" and "travel thinking". Homesickness, that is, homesickness, is close to "thinking about traveling" Two sentences mean that a person's homesickness is gloomy and melancholy, and the melancholy of travel overlaps and continues. There is an emphasis on top-down communication, and the protagonist's homesickness is self-evident after living in a foreign land for a long time.
The next three or four sentences, seemingly homesickness and travel troubles have sometimes been eliminated, but in fact, they have been bothering me. In this way, the words are strange, and the expression is deeper and more beautiful. The phrase "bright moon" means that I can't sleep at night because I'm worried about traveling. Although the moonlight is bright and the night view on the high building is beautiful, I can't watch it, because watching it alone on the railing will aggravate my disappointment.
At the end of the sentence, I wrote that because I couldn't sleep at night, I drowned my worries with wine, but when the wine entered my heart, it turned into tears of lovesickness, and I sent my longing for lovesickness, which increased the suffering of lovesickness. These two sentences are lyrical and profound, and the words are novel and natural. At this point, the depressed homesickness and anxiety in a foreign land triggered the development to a climax, and the text stopped here.
The first is to write scenery, and the second is to express feelings, which is a combination of common structures and scenes in ci. The particularity of this word lies in the unity of beauty and tenderness, that is, the unity of vast scenery, beauty and affection. The words about homesickness and sadness are often expressed by bleak autumn scenery, but this word is the opposite, with a wide and beautiful scenery. On the one hand, it shows the poet's broad mind and love for life and nature, which further highlights the sadness of parting love. On the other hand, it also makes the feelings expressed in the following films look soft and bony, deep but not decadent.