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A brief introduction to the life of Hans von Seicher, chief of staff of the German Army during the First World War.
German military strategist. During World War I, he served as the chief of staff of the German Army. After the war, he became the core figure in reorganizing the German army. 1920~ 1926 served as commander-in-chief of the national defense forces. 1926 was promoted to the first-class general and retired from active service. 1in may, 933, he visited China and put forward suggestions for army reform, which attracted the attention of Chiang kai-shek. The following year, he came to China again and was hired as Chiang Kai-shek's general military adviser to advise Chiang Kai-shek on "encirclement and suppression" of the Red Army. And played an important role in promoting German military trade with China. After staying in China for less than a year, he resigned and returned home due to illness. He died in Germany on 1936.

General Hans von Seicher was born in 1866. He was born into a noble family. He is the son of a Prussian general. Since 1885, he has served in the grenadier regiment of Alexander the Great Guard. /kloc-at the age of 0/9, he was promoted to an infantry officer. He is good at literature and once won an unusual title in sports, called "Abitur" (similar to "athlete").

1889 after graduating from the army military academy, he was transferred to the general staff, and his career has been smooth since then. At the beginning of the First World War, Sechet served as the Chief of Staff of the Third Army. He and Vettsel fought successfully in northern France, and were transferred to the newly established 1 1 Corps as the chief of staff.

1893 married dorothea Fabian, and there were no children after marriage, but the couple had a very good relationship. They traveled to Britain and countries around the Mediterranean together, visiting places of interest and people they were interested in.

1896 entered the workers' school, and then served alternately in the front line and the workers' unit. His good reputation was rising every time he served.

19 14 August 1 When World War I broke out, he was the chief of staff of the Third Army in Berlin. Sickert's army is a part of Alexander Henrich Rudolf Crook's 1 army, and it served as the most important right-wing offensive in the famous German "Schrieffen Plan". With the "Miracle of the Marne River", the Germans planned to go bankrupt, and 1 Army was forced to retreat. However, von sickert fully demonstrated his personal talent and leadership in the battle between Veri and Solis. He is considered a natural candidate for senior staff officers.

19 15 in March, he served as the chief of staff of the newly formed1kloc-0/army in East Galicia, and his boss was General August von Mackensen (later German Marshal and Grand Cross winner). In the big offensive that began on May 2nd, 1 1 Army and the Austro-Hungarian Fourth Army took the main attack together. They destroyed the Russian Third Army like ruins and advanced 100 miles in two weeks.

1 1 The army captured140,000 Russian prisoners in two days and recovered Sepp Remis, the leader of Austria-Hungary, within one month. German Emperor William II awarded von sickert the highest military medal of honor, also known as the Medal of Courage. At the end of June 1 1 captured more than 250,000 people when the army captured Rumberg, and then 19 14 captured Warsaw on August 4, and the Brest-Litov fortress at the end of August. 1 1 The army advanced a total of 300 kilometers. By the end of September, the prominent part of Poland was completely removed, and Russia's threat to Galicia was completely lifted. Von sickert was promoted to Brigadier General by leaps and bounds, and his superior Sima Kensen was awarded the rank of Marshal. At the same time, it was transferred to the newly established "mackensen Army Group", with the task of completing the goal that the Austro-Hungarian army could not achieve-eliminating Serbian resistance and opening the road to the Balkans and the Ottoman Empire (1299~ 1922). The offensive troops, composed of German 1 1, Austro-Hungarian Army 3 and Bulgarian Army 1, launched an attack on June 6th1. 1 10 At the end of June, all Serb troops were either annihilated or fled to Albania and Greece. A total of 65,438+050,000 prisoners were captured, and von sickert was awarded the Oak Leaf (Heroic Medal inlaid with Oak Leaf) on Pour le Merite.

The "mackensen Army Group" stayed in Bulgaria until the spring of 19 16, ready to annihilate Thessaloniki's allies in one fell swoop, but it was suspended because the Battle of Verdun consumed a large number of Germans.

19 16 In June, the Russian army defeated the Austro-Hungarian army in the Brusilov offensive. Erich von Falcken Hein (German Chief of Staff) and Flantz Konrad von Hertzendorf (Austro-Hungarian Chief of Staff) urgently transferred sickert to Galicia as the Chief of Staff of the Seventh Austro-Hungarian Army, with the task of helping to stop the Russian army from advancing and restore the trust relationship between the two armies. At this time, the relationship between the German army on the Eastern Front and the troops of the Austro-Hungarian Empire was very tense, and sickert deeply realized this. He has never been respected by his nominal boss, General V. Pfranzer-Balding, and he was "never a friend of the Germans" (in sickert), but after the war, Franz Baldin blamed it on the different ideas of the two armies in the role of Chief of Staff. Sickert remembers that he "arrived, observed, and gave orders" as if his boss didn't exist. Of course, this relationship will not last long. Sickert was soon appointed as the chief of staff of the newly established "Grand Duke Carl of the Army Group" to assist the Grand Duke in commanding the entire Austro-Hungarian Empire-Russian front. Sickert cooperated with Archduke Karl very tacitly. After a bloody battle, he finally stopped the Russian army at the front line of Carpathian Mountain. Immediately, Archduke Karl's troops joined Fajinhan's 9th Army (at that time, Fajinhan was removed from the post of Chief of Staff and demoted to the 9th Army Commander due to the failure of Verdun Battle), and took part in the Romanian campaign, which taught the Romanians who were stupid enough to participate in the war a painful lesson. In the final stage of the campaign, due to the death of Franz Josef I, the 86-year-old Austro-Hungarian Emperor, in June of191,Archduke Karl succeeded Emperor Karl I, and Archduke Joseph Auguste took over the command of the army group.

19 17, sickert served as the chief of staff of the "Grand Duke Joseph", and the situation of the group army became more and more difficult due to the increasing hostility between the German Empire and the Austro-Hungarian Empire. However, when sickert finally left office, Joseph Augustus wrote that he could not imagine a better chief of staff than sickert.

19 17 12 sickert came to Istanbul as the chief of staff of the Ottoman Empire (1299~ 1922) with the rank of major general. In fact, the Germans sent General Otto Li Man V Saunders, but the commander of the Ottoman Empire, enver Pasha (1299~ 1922), refused the appointment. At that time, the Palestinian front was the most active war zone. British general Edmund Allenby Allen occupied Jerusalem just a week before sickert arrived, so General Saunders was sent to the Palestinian front and managed to maintain the deadlock. As the chief of staff of the Ottoman Empire (1299~ 1922), sickert was Saunders' boss. But as far as the German mission of the Ottoman Empire (1299~ 1922) is concerned, Sanders has a higher rank. There is an inevitable conflict between the two. As a result, sickert's activities gradually focused on politics that he was not good at.

In the first half of the year, the battlefield in the eastern Mediterranean was very calm, because both the Allies and the Allies devoted their greatest energy to the battlefield in France in 19 18. But by mid-September, the situation suddenly changed. Louis Franchet d'Esperey's allied forces broke through the blockade of Thessaloniki, and Allen defeated Saunders' Turkish-German allied forces in Palestine (the half-hearted Turks were on the verge of collapse, and the British captured them in large numbers. However, "British Military History" records: "A few German detachments have strict discipline. In the scattered troops, unrecognizable faces and a large number of scattered disasters, about two German regiments maintained cohesion and fighting spirit. They were as flexible as in the parade ground, stopped shooting occasionally and then moved to the rear. " )。 When Bulgaria withdrew from the war in June+10/October, 5438, the Ottoman Empire (1299~ 1922), which had crossed Europe, Asia and Africa, was devastated.

19 1810.30, the Ottoman empire (1299~ 1922) signed an armistice agreement, allowing all Germans to leave the Ottoman empire within 30 days (1299 ~/kl) Sickert arrived in Odessa via the Black Sea on19165438+10, and returned to Germany on19165438+10/3 (/. Sickert was reluctantly welcomed by the new Republic, but he clearly showed his determination to continue serving the motherland. Hindenburg Hindenburg asked him to go to Koenigsberg to organize the evacuation of German troops from Ukraine and the entire Eastern Front. He accomplished his task brilliantly under very difficult conditions, which made him naturally join the German delegation and attend the Paris Peace Conference as a military representative.

1919 in July, he became the chief of staff of the German Army after the war, and became the commander-in-chief of the German Defence Force a year later.

From 1920 to 1926, he has made great contributions in this position, and it cannot be overestimated. In the era of political turmoil and chaos in that country, he created an army that became the mainstay of the country and proved to be the best trained and most powerful leader of his generation. He made a plan to rearm and revive morale, so that the German army's greatest advantage, the officer corps, could be preserved and new tactical tactics could be brewed. The Treaty of Versailles stipulates that the number of German troops should not exceed100000, so the standards set by sickert are: soldiers are in good health and their service life exceeds 12 years; Officers should have more than 25 years of military experience. Once you become a member of the National Defence Force, you must receive some special training, with the emphasis on leadership. He attaches great importance to the individual skills and subjective initiative of soldiers. The contract prohibits Germany from owning military academies. He established a joint regimental military education system with troops as the unit. Every soldier is trained as a sergeant, every sergeant is trained as an officer, and every officer is trained as a general. Exercise once every six months to improve professional skills and professional quality. There are no tanks and anti-aircraft guns, so they are made of cardboard and wood. The Germans may be the only army that uses toy planes to simulate real planes to practice aerial shooting! Individual soldiers should claim to be a platoon or represent an 8-person machine gun group during the exercise. All this constitutes von sickert's "hundred thousand troops"!

1918 65438+10 Sechette went to Constantinople as the chief of staff of the Ottoman high command (1299~ 1922). At that time, the Ottoman Empire (1299~ 1922) had a German advisory group. After that, Seck sent Li Man Vonde to Pakistan's front line to command F Army operations, and put the military advisory group stationed in Turkey under its direct jurisdiction. Although the Ottoman Empire (1299~ 1922) could not fight for a long time because of its limited national strength, it gave him experience and confidence in serving non-Christian countries. After returning home, Sechet became the military representative of the German delegation to the Paris Peace Conference. After the contract was signed, Sechet was appointed as the chairman of the Peace Corps Organizing Committee. Since then, Setchette's ultimate goal is to build a well-trained army of100000 people, so that every soldier can retrain other recruits and lead the battle, and officers also need training to be competent for future commanders and commanders. During World War II, all Hitler's senior generals and commanders, such as Rommel, Bork and rundstedt, were junior officers. Sechet is known as the "Father of the National Defence Force" and "Outstanding Founder of the National Defence Force" in German military history, with the same reputation as Mao Qi and Richthofen.

1In the autumn of 926, Sechett invited the former German Crown Prince to inspect the army without the consent of President Paul von Hindenburg, and became the target of the Republic's attack, and was dismissed by President Hindenburg.

Hans von sickert is one of the greatest military strategists. He was only an excellent chief of staff during World War I, but after the war, he stepped forward in the most critical time of the motherland and shouldered a heavy historical mission, which was enough to make him enter the hall of celebrities in the world military history. When the humiliation of defeat was imposed on us, some people couldn't bear it, others gave up on themselves, but it was people like him who worked hard and laid the foundation for tomorrow's army that created the invincible German army in the early days of World War II! The Germans I admire from the bottom of my heart never include any "revolutionary" armed forces, such as the Waffen-SS, the People's Emergency Force and the Air Force Field Force. The quality and morale of German soldiers in World War II were far inferior to those in World War I. The super-class officers corps and high-quality non-commissioned officers of the "100,000-strong army" were the source of the army's brilliant victory over World War I. When von sickert's army was gradually "revolutionary", the Nazi forces in the army gradually expanded, the officers corps was weakened, and a large number of outstanding non-commissioned officers were lost in the battle or absorbed by the Waffen-SS, and the German army gradually moved towards it.

Von sickert's modesty can indeed be described as virtuous. When he retired, he refused to be promoted to Marshal, and stayed in the rank of first-class general as the commander-in-chief of the German Defence Force (which made many people dissatisfied with Hitler's 40-year seal/Marshal Kloc-0/2). However, unlike some unknown generals who had no rank in World War II, the name Von sickert is unique in the world military history, without any flowery words and titles. Being honored as "the father of the German army in World War II" and the German army before "revolutionization" being called "the army of von sickert", can't it reflect his position?