As an advocate of the vigorous ancient prose movement in the Tang Dynasty, Han Yu was inspired to get rid of the disadvantages of flashy style at that time, and only pursued gorgeous rhetoric and paid attention to neat rhythm. Han Yu has always advocated that literary creation should restore the ideographic meaning of the Qin and Han Dynasties, that is, the main purpose is to express the content, which can be summarized as "Ming Dow". Under such propositions and criteria, Han Yu has created many works of great literary value.
Shi Shuo is one of the representative works of Han Yu's literary creation, which was completed in the eighteenth year of Zhenyuan when Han Yu was in imperial academy (802). The article was written for Li Fan, a proté gé of Han Yu at that time, but Han Yu also used this as a way to criticize the wrong thought of belittling and being ashamed of the teacher's way. The article "Teacher's Theory" first affirmed the existence of teacher's way, and people's learning must be guided by teachers. Then point out the disadvantages of the society at that time. Teachers invited by parents only know how to read sentences, but they can't explain puzzles. At the end of the article, Han Yu points out that the way of respecting teachers has existed since ancient times and cannot be abandoned by today's people.
Xue Jie is another masterpiece of Han Yu. The article points out the disadvantages of the society at that time, and expresses Han Yu's dissatisfaction with his lack of talent and bumpy career through teaching and refuting students. At first, Han Yu warned students to work hard. As long as they enrich their knowledge, they don't have to worry about high-level talent selection, because they will notice you. However, one student put forward a different opinion, taking Han Yu himself as an example, pointing out that he was diligent and studious since childhood and had been studying literature. But what he brought to Mr. Wang was ignored. What he did was his fault. In fact, this is in the form of a question and answer to express the author's depressed mood.
Appreciation of Han Yu's "Persuasion"
Han Yu was a famous writer and philosopher in Tang Dynasty, who was called Han Changli. Han Yu's achievements in literature are enormous. In the Tang Dynasty, he and Liu Zongyuan were called "Liu Han", which was later called "Liu Han", and he was also called the eight masters of Tang and Song Dynasties with Ouyang Xiu and Su Shi of Song Dynasty. Han Yu once wrote an article on how to teach and learn, "Persuade Learning", which showed Han Yu's views on talent selection and appointment in the form of metaphor.
The full text of "Encouraging Learning" is only about 500 words, but its analysis and opinions on things are profound and incisive. The article is probably about Han Yu's persuasion to students in a teacher's tone. He told the students that they must study hard, and once they are naughty, they will neglect their studies. If you don't think hard, you will follow the crowd and have no opinion of your own. Today's court is full of talents, so don't worry that no one will promote you. You just need to do your own research and expand your knowledge, and naturally someone will find you and put your talents where you can play.
Just as Han Yu explained, a student laughed out loud to refute Han Yu before he finished. In fact, this is an arrangement made by Han Yu in his article. Han Yu expressed his views in a "student" tone. The student retorted, sir, you are also a rigorous scholar, and you are diligent in pre-case research every year. Mr. Wang ruled out different studies, promoted Confucianism, and made up for the lack of Confucianism to improve it. It is said that Mr Wang Can made a contribution. Mr. Wang has been an aggressive person since he was a teenager. When he grew up, he also made suggestions on the shortcomings of current politics, but what was left to Mr. Wang? If you are not trusted and helped, your every move will be regarded as a fault, and every time you work in the DPRK, you will be pushed out without any merit. So, what you said before is problematic. How can you use it to teach others?
The article ends with the mouth of "student", leaving readers with thoughts on the social disadvantages at that time. It is in this seemingly calm but emotional way that Han Yu expresses his resentment.
Tell the story of Han Yu's demotion
Han Yu is an upright man, asking for nothing. In his view, there is no room for quibbling when something is wrong or wrong. Han Yu's justice is reflected in his literary works and also in his official career. Han Yu always speaks directly, and his suggestions must be to the point. His language is profound and reasonable and very infectious. But because of this temper, Han Yu was slandered by villains and demoted many times.
Shortly after he was appointed as the censor, there was a drought in Guanzhong area, and booksellers failed to harvest, which led to the people living in poverty, being displaced and living a miserable life of begging. Han Yu, who came to the scene personally, was saddened to see this situation, but Shi Li, who advocated things around Beijing, blocked the news and lied that the people lived and worked in peace and contentment. In a fit of pique, Han Yu wrote On Drought and Flood to refute Shi Li, but was framed by Shi Li and exiled to Lianzhou. Two years later, Han Yu left Yangshan County in Lianzhou on the occasion of Amnesty.
At the beginning of the 14th year of Yuanhe (AD 8 19), Tang Xianzong greeted the Buddha's bones with great fanfare, which made Chang 'an city buzzing and led the people of China to believe in Buddhism. Han Yu immediately wrote an article "On the Buddha's Bone Table", strongly expressing the absurdity of welcoming Buddha's bone, which will bring disaster to the world and should stop welcoming Buddha's bone. However, Tang Xianzong, who was in a good mood, was annoyed. As the saying goes, advice when most needed is least heeded. Tang Xianzong actually took Han Yu's life when he was angry. Fortunately, the ministers in Korea and some royal nobles tried their best to ask for relatives, which saved Han Yu's life. But being demoted is inevitable, so Han Yu's demotion to Chaozhou is a painful journey for Han Yu who lives in the Central Plains all the year round.
Although Han Yu was exiled to the world many times, it showed his image of integrity. During his relegation, Han Yu also left many precious and rare works in the history of literature. The experience of being demoted also enriched Han Yu's life experience and experience, and also brought valuable wealth to Han Yu's future political career, so it was a blessing or a curse.
Appreciation of Chun Xue Han Yu's Poems
Chun Xue, written by Han Yu, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, is a seven-character quatrain, which comes from the whole Tang Dynasty. This poem is novel in conception and unique in association, which makes readers deeply interested.
The creation background of this poem is Yuanhe Decade. Han Yu is the editor of the Korean History Museum. He is in the north. He missed Chun Xue's early arrival in the south, so he wrote down his longing for spring. Maybe it's normal for northerners to have nowhere to look for flowers during the Spring Festival, but it's really a pity for Han Yu, who has traveled in Lingnan in the spring. It's a pity to lament that the spring in the north came late and the grass buds didn't come out until February.
"There is no fragrance in the New Year, and the grass shoots in early February." The first sentence is about people's anxiety about spring in the long cold winter. A word "Du" reveals this eagerness. In the second sentence, the best thing to ponder is the word "essence". It expresses the novelty, surprise and joy when people finally see the bud of "spring scenery" in anxious expectation, which is very vivid. The poem expresses the feeling that spring has come after all, although it is late.
"Snow is too late for spring, it is a flying flower on the courtyard tree." On the surface, there is snow without flowers. In fact, it means that snow can't wait more than people, and flying flowers through trees is spring scenery. In fact, this is the spring scenery that poets expect when there is no spring scenery in nature, which is full of strong romanticism.
Han Yu, what?
Generally speaking, in ancient times, some people took a "number" or "another name" in addition to their names. In ancient times, people's "names" were used as symbols to distinguish others from birth, while "characters" were their intention to show their virtue or hope, but there was a nickname besides names and characters, which was interpreted as a good name in Zhou Li, that is, those with virtue and prestige would take individual names for others to call.
It has been nicknamed since the Zhou Dynasty. For example, Lao Tzu's nickname is Hiroyuki. However, in the pre-Qin period, there were not many people who took numbers, and only those people were recorded in the history books (probably because many people did not record them for a long time). This situation lasted until before the Tang Dynasty, and only a few people knew it was Mr. Wuliu, another name of Tao Yuanming. However, since the Tang Dynasty, the number of people taking other names has risen sharply, which is related to the cultural development of the Tang Dynasty at the peak of feudal society. For example, Li Bai was nicknamed the violet laity, Lu Zhaoxi the wanderer, and Bai Juyi the Xiangshan laity.
However, Han Yu did not give himself a nickname before his death, at least in today's historical materials and literary works. It should be impossible for a man like Han Yu, who is famous, has made great contributions and has a wide range of disciples, to say that his nickname has not been handed down. It can be explained that he didn't take it. The greatest wealth left by Han Yu to future generations is that he initiated the ancient prose movement. In that gaudy but useless prose era, the ancient prose movement swept the whole earth like a fresh spring breeze, bringing new life to the originally silent world.
Han Yu widely accepted his disciples and passed on his literary creation thoughts from generation to generation. Han Yu died at home in the fourth year of Changqing (AD 824). Han Yu was chased by posthumous title after his death, so the world honored him as Han Wengong.
Appreciation of Han Yu's pictures
Han Yu was revered by later generations as the first of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties", and he was an outstanding writer, thinker and philosopher in the Tang Dynasty. Not everyone knows what Han Yu looks like. Here is a photo of Han Yu.
In this photo of Han Yu, we can see that Han Yu is wearing a tall hat. The pattern on the hat is very similar to Xiangyun's. His hair is combed and hidden in the hat, which is very clean. Han Yu in the picture has raised eyebrows slightly. His eyebrows are not very thick. On the contrary, in this photo of Han Yu, they look a little slim. His hat is buckled above his ears to support them. His ears are a little long, accounting for almost a third of his face.
His eyes are typical phoenix eyes, and the tail of his eyes is slender and rising; His nose is a bit like an aquiline nose, with slightly larger nostrils and a slightly bent nose. Compared with the nose, Han Yu's mouth is smaller. He has a slender moustache, not very thick, and his mouth looks a little small under the cover of his beard. In the picture, Han Yu's mouth is rising, which shows that he is in a good mood. He is dressed in a Tang suit, and the whole person shows the temperament of a scholar.
Han Yu was born in an official family, but his father died when he was three years old. Han Yu was raised by his own brother. Han Yu, a self-confessed orphan, studied hard since childhood and was able to write articles at the age of thirteen. Later, Han Yu took part in the imperial examination, became a scholar and started his career. He advocated the ancient prose movement and died in 824 at the age of 57.