There were three armies in ancient times, the upper army, the middle army and the lower army. Soldiers go out to appoint generals, so they will go up and down, that is, command them up and down, and there is no specific official position like the supreme general. So when you watch Zuo Zhuan, you will see more such words. Not surprising.
However, the collapse of rites and music was conquered by the princes after the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Not only did the governors overstep their authority, but the three armed forces were sometimes juxtaposed, and even the vassal's retainers-Han, Zhao and Wei of the State of Jin were obvious examples-joined the Sixth Army. Therefore, Zuo Jun naturally owns it. Then, the left will naturally have it. Historical Records Volume 43 Zhao Thirteen records: "Twenty-one years, attacking Zhongshan. Zhao Zhou is the right army, Xu Junwei, Zhang Wei, the son, and Wang will take it. " For example.
During the Warring States period, it was gradually formed, and even the position of General Zuo was gradually established.
After Qin destroyed the six countries and unified the whole country, it also followed.
In the Chu-Han dispute, Han won the world, and General Zuo was fixed as a military commander, but it was not often released.
By the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, after the heroic independent regime and even the title of viceroy appeared, the positions of general left and general right, which had always been simple, gradually fell behind or even disappeared.
The famous left general in history
The famous left general in history, thanks to the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, is naturally Liu Beihe. Liu Bei was the left general appointed by Emperor Gaozu. In addition, there are left generals Ma Chao and Cao Wei left generals Yu Jin, Zhang He and Guo Huai. Wang Ningzhi appointed by the Jin Dynasty and so on.
Liu Bei
Liu Bei (A.D./KOLOC-0/6/KOLOC-0/year July/KOLOC-0/6-June/KOLOC-0/0 year, 223 years) was born in Zhuoxian County (now Zhuozhou City, Baoding City, Hebei Province). During the Three Kingdoms period, the founding emperor of Shu and Han Dynasty, posthumous title Zhaolie, was also called the last year of the Eastern Han Dynasty by historians. According to the Records of the Three Kingdoms, Liu Bei is a descendant of Liu Sheng, the imperial clan of the Han Dynasty and the king of mountain scenery in Hanzhong. He is a humble and polite corporal, generous, ambitious, well-known and well-used. He was praised by the world for his kindness. He was a famous politician in the Three Kingdoms period. In 22 1 year, he proclaimed himself emperor in Chengdu, with the title of Han and Zhangwu. Known as Shu or Shu in history, he occupied Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Hanzhong in Shaanxi and part of Bailong River in Gansu. He died in Baidicheng in 223 AD. At the age of 63, posthumous title Zhaolie was buried in Huiling. There are many literary and artistic works about him in later generations. Wuhou Temple in Chengdu commemorates Zhaolie Temple.
Ma Chao
Ma Chao (176-222) was born in Meng Qi and Fufeng Maoling (now Xingping, Shaanxi). One of the heroes in the last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the descendant of General Han, was originally a general under the account of his father Ma Teng, who took part in the battles of breaking Suwu, attacking Han Sui and breaking. Marten went to Beijing, and Ma Chao commanded the troops to be divided into three assistants. After joining forces with Han Sui, he marched into Tongguan with Cao Cao and was defeated in Weinan. Later, Ma Chao led a group of people to unite Qiang and annex Longyou, and killed Wei Kang, the secretariat of Liangzhou, calling himself General Xi, Zhou Mu and Liangzhou Military Supervisor. Defeated by Yang Fu, an old minister of Weikang, he went to Zhang to attack Liangzhou. Liu Bei, who was forced to land in Chengdu, took part in the next debate. Liu Bei proclaimed himself king, and was named General Zuo. Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor, worshiped Ma Chao as a general in title of generals in ancient times, led Liangzhou as a shepherd, and made Li Tai as a township head. Ma Chao died the following year at the age of 47.
Yujin
Yu Jin (? -22 1 year), born in Wen Ze, Taishan, Ju Ping (now south of Taian, Shandong). Military commander of Wei in the Three Kingdoms period. Originally it was Bao Xin's Ministry, and later it was returned to Cao Cao. When Zhang Xiu rebelled, he crusaded against undisciplined Qingzhou soldiers. At the same time, he stuck to the camp to meet the enemy. So Cao Cao praised him as an ancient star. However, in the battle of Xiangfan in the 24th year of Jian 'an (2 19), Yu Jin surrendered after losing to Guan Yu, which led to the defeat of the Late Festival. After the fall of Guan Yu, Yujin was released from Jingzhou to Wu. In the second year (AD 22 1), Sun Quan was sent back to Wei and died in the same year. His name is, he has a son in Guangxi. In AD 2 16 (twenty-one year of Jian 'an), Yu was forbidden to move General Zuo and was given leave. There were 500 households in the city, whose son was named Liehou.
Zhang he
Z Ryan (? -23 1 year), the word yiyi, Hejian people. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhao 'an suppressed the Yellow turban insurrectionary, and later became the commander-in-chief of the rural Hanfu Army in Jizhou. 19 1 year, Yuan Shao took Jizhou, and Zhang He led the troops back to be a captain. Because of Gongsun Zan's meritorious service, he moved Ningguo to be a corps commander. Later, he surrendered to Cao Cao in the battle of Guandu. After that, Cao Cao attacked Wuhuan, defeated Ma Chao, surrendered to Zhang Lu, and repeatedly made meritorious military service. General Du Hu stayed in Hanzhong in the summer. In 2 15, he led the army to attack Brazil, and was defeated by Zhang Fei, the general of Shu. Later, he was appointed general. In 2 19, Liu Beijun confronted Xia in Dingjun Mountain. When Xia was killed and the whole army was wiped out, Zhang He took the lead and led the troops to retreat safely. Houtun Chencang.
After Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor, he was promoted to General Zuo, and was given the title of Hou. He was also ordered to attack Pinganhu from Cao Zhen, and then besieged Jiangling. In 228, as Cao Zhenxi rejected Zhuge Liang, he defeated the Shu army in Jieting and forced it to return to Hanzhong. I was promoted to general riding in the west because of my work. 23 1 year, led the troops to pursue the Shu army until the arrow was shot dead at the wooden door. Zhang Herong was famous for his good use of soldiers, good disposal and good use of terrain.
In 220 A.D. (the first year of Yankang), after Cao Pi ascended the throne as Wei, he appointed Zhang He as General Zuo and was appointed Duke of Duxiang.
wang ningzhi
Wang Ningzhi, whose name is Shu Ping, is the second son of the great calligrapher Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi's brother. He is good at cursive script and official script. He has served as Jiangzhou secretariat, Zuo general and Huiji literature and history. Xie Daowen's husband, Xie Yi's daughter and Xie An's younger brother. I am convinced that when Sun En attacked Huiji, he didn't listen to his subordinates' advice and was unprepared. After praying, he believed that he invited "ghost soldiers" to help him, so he was killed with other scholars.
Right general
The Warring States period already existed. Qin, because of this. Han doesn't often put it on. The gold-printed purple ribbon is second only to Shangqing. Positioning or stationing troops in the capital, or stationing troops at the border. After the end of the Han Dynasty, the titles of generals were varied, such as before, after, left and right, which were gradually abandoned. During the Eastern Han Dynasty and the Three Kingdoms period, they were very important officials.
The famous right general
During the Three Kingdoms period, Yu Jin, Huang Xu, Zhang Fei and others held this post. The great calligrapher Wang Xizhi also held this post, so he was also called Wang Youjun, but he didn't lead troops at that time.
Zhang Fei
Zhang Fei (? -22 1 year), the word Yide, was born in Zhuo Jun County, Youzhou (now Zhuozhou City, Baoding City, Hebei Province), and was a famous Shu and Han in the Three Kingdoms period. Liu Bei defeated Changbanpo, and Zhang Fei only rode it twenty times. According to the broken bridge, no one dared to go near Cao Jun. When Zhuge Liang and Zhao Yun swept through Xichuan, Yan Yan was put in Jiangzhou. In the battle of Hanzhong, Zhang He was defeated by the Party Canal, which made great contributions to Shu Han. He was appointed general, equipped with chariots and a captain, and was appointed Hou of Xixiang. Later, he was assassinated by Fan Qiang and Zhang Da. In the era of the late Lord, he was chased as "Huanhou".
Xu Huang
Huang Xu (? -227 years), the word, He Dongyang (now southeast of Hongdong, Shanxi). Cao Wei was a famous soldier in the Three Kingdoms period. Originally a captain riding under Yang Feng's account, Yang Feng took refuge in Cao Cao after being defeated by Cao Cao, and repeatedly made meritorious military service under Cao Cao, and participated in several major battles such as Guandu, Chibi, Guanzhong and Hanzhong. In the Battle of Fancheng, Huang Xu defeated Guan Yu as a reinforcement of Coss, and was praised as "the wind of Zhou Yafu" by Cao Cao because of his strict military management in this campaign. After Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor, he added Huang Xu as the right general and died in 227 AD, calling him Qiang Hou.
Wang Xizhi
Wang Xizhi (303-36 1 year, 32 1-379), Han nationality, was a famous calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and was known as the "book saint". Originally from Langya (now Linyi, Shandong), he moved to Huiji Yin Shan (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang) and lived in seclusion in Jinting County in his later years. Successive secretary, general Ningyuan, Jiangzhou secretariat, later literature and history records, right general.
Refer to Baidu Encyclopedia entries "General Left" and "General Right".