Brief Introduction to the Ancient History of Korea: Founding of the People's Republic of China (37 BC-52 AD) According to the Records of the Three Kingdoms and the Heritage of the Three Kingdoms, in 37 BC, Zhu Meng, the prince of Fuyu, fled Fuyu, died in Fuyu and founded Koguryo. Some scholars believe that Koguryo was established as early as the 2nd century BC. ? Koguryo? As a geographical term of 1 13 BC, it appeared in Hanshu. According to most historical records, Koguryo was built in 37 BC or 1 century BC. It is speculated that Koguryo people may be composed of people who migrated to this area in the early days of its establishment and some redundant people. ? ?people？ At first, the word did not refer to a clear national entity. Koguryo was in a state of military confrontation with Fuyu for a long time at the beginning of its establishment. In order to contain the aggressive Koguryo regime in the growing period, the Central Plains and Fuyu often cooperated in attacking Koguryo militarily, and relevant records appeared from time to time in the Records of the Three Kingdoms and Hanshu.
Brief introduction of ancient Korean history: centralization and early expansion (53 -243 AD) During the reign of Taizu of Koguryo in the Three Kingdoms period, Koguryo rapidly expanded from several early tribal countries to the Hanjiang River basin. In 53 AD, Emperor Taizu of Goguryeo set five tribes scattered in Goguryeo as five provinces and centralized them. In 56, Taizu annexed Dongwo Residence. Later, it annexed part of Dongling. The expansion and centralization of Koguryo led to a direct armed conflict with the Han Dynasty.
A brief introduction to the history of ancient Korea: revival and further expansion (300-390 AD)
However, in just 70 years, Koguryo rebuilt Marukou and began to attack Liaodong. With the advance of Koguryo in Liaodong Peninsula, Koguryo entered and controlled most of the northern part of the Korean Peninsula from the northeast. It began to form a fierce military confrontation with Baekje and Silla, ancient Korean countries. World historians call this period in Korean history? Three Kingdoms era? .
Goguryeo's expansion is not smooth. In 342, Maruko was attacked by Qian Yan. In 37 1 year, Baekje near Xiaoguwang attacked Pyongyang, the largest city in Koguryo, and killed the former Koguryo king on the battlefield.
After Lin Wang, a small animal of Koguryo, succeeded to the throne, he began to strengthen the stability and unity of Koguryo. A new law has come out. In 372, Buddhism introduced from the Central Plains was established as the state religion, and national educational institutions were established according to the Central Plains system? Imperial college? . Little Beastmaster Lin also reformed Koguryo's army.
Brief introduction of ancient Korean history: heyday (39 1 year? 53 1 year) At the end of the 5th century, the territory of North Korea entered the heyday of the Three Kingdoms period from the succession of King Koguryo. According to the monument erected by the son of the good King Tai, Changshou King, it is good.
King Tai conquered 64 cities and 1400 villages in Fuyu in a battle with Fuyu. Later, King Tai Hao annexed Fuyu Kingdom and Mohong tribe in the north; Militarily, it has formed an absolute dominant position for Baekje; And forced Silla to yield in the wars between Silla and Baekje and between Kadai and Japan.
In 4 13, Koguryo Longevity King ascended the throne. Due to the confrontation between Baekje and Silla, in 427, Changshou Wang moved to Pyongyang to strengthen his control over Baekje and Silla. The longevity king continued the expansion policy of his father, King Tai Hao. At the end of the 5th century, the longevity king annexed some Fuyu, Mohong and Qidan tribes. Confrontation with the Northern Wei Dynasty; And keep control of Silla.
A Brief Introduction to the Ancient History of Korea: Internal Disputes (53 1 -55 1)
Koguryo reached its peak in the 6th century and began to decline gradually. After the assassination of Koguryo Anzang, his brother Wang Anyuan succeeded to the throne. During the reign of King Anyuan, the royal family disputes intensified. The two political groups fought for the right to inherit the throne. Finally, the eight-year-old Yangyuan Wang ascended the throne. But the power struggle is not over. The aides of the opposition began to form their own army and actually control their own territory. In 1950s, North Koguryo was attacked by nomadic people. However, the internal struggle of Koguryo continues.
A Brief Introduction to the Ancient History of Korea: Hanshui River Basin Lost (55 1 year). 55 1 year, Baekje and Silla jointly attacked Koguryo. Koguryo lost the rich and strategic Hanjiang River Basin in the central part of the Korean Peninsula. Baekje, the main soldier of Baekje Silla League, was almost exhausted in the war against Koguryo. In 553, Silla sent troops in the name of helping Baekje. However, the attack on Baekje was launched, and finally the whole Hanjiang River basin was included. King Baekje was angry at Silla's betrayal and attacked Silla the next year.
Luo retaliated, but Silla caught him and executed him. The war in the central part of the Korean peninsula has had a far-reaching impact on the pattern of the Korean peninsula. Silla's attack on Baekje made Baekje the weakest on the Korean peninsula. Silla occupied the Han River basin with a large population and wealth, which laid a good foundation for its future expansion. On the contrary, Koguryo's national strength has been greatly reduced because of the loss of the Hanjiang River Basin. In addition, Silla's territory reached the Yellow Sea after it acquired the Hanjiang River Basin, enabling it to directly trade with China and establish diplomacy. In this way, Silla no longer relied on Goguryeo, but directly communicated with China, and its alliance finally brought disastrous consequences to Goguryeo in the 7th century.
Brief introduction of ancient Korean history: Koguryo and the war in Sui Dynasty. In 589, the Sui Dynasty wiped out most of Chen and China, ending nearly 300 years of division since the end of the Western Jin Dynasty. In 598, Koguryo pre-emptively attacked western Liaoning, which triggered the first war between Koguryo and Sui. However, Goguryeo was still connected with the anti-Sui forces in various places, and began to realize that Goguryeo was a potential frontier disaster in the Central Plains. Sui-Li War broke out. In 6 12, sui million troops invaded Koguryo by land and water, and more than forty or fifty cities were broken all the way. Later, due to the improper command of the front-line generals of the Sui army, the 300,000 troops who crossed the river were almost wiped out. In 6 13 AD, Yang Di personally levied Koguryo, but it was cancelled due to the rebellion in Yang Xuangan. In June14, Yang Di personally levied Koguryo again because of many domestic disadvantages caused by years of war in Koguryo. In 6 15, Emperor Yang Di planned to attack Koguryo again. However, due to the intensification of civil strife in the Sui Dynasty, the plan to attack Koguryo was cancelled. The war against Koguryo in the Sui Dynasty sharply weakened the national strength of the Sui Dynasty and led to the rebellion at the end of the Sui Dynasty. 6 18 led to the demise of the sui dynasty.
Brief introduction of ancient Korean history: Tang and Koguryo War. At the end of the early Tang Dynasty, East Turkistan was basically eliminated, and Siyi was subdued. In the seventeenth year of Zhenguan (643), Silla sent envoys to North Korea, informing Baekje that it had captured more than forty cities in an attempt to cut off the access with Goguryeo from the Tang Dynasty. Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong, sent envoys to Koguryo to stop the war. However, Su Wen, the powerful minister of Koguryo and a branch of Molly, refused, so Emperor Taizong decided to send troops to invade Koguryo. In November of the following year, Sean, the minister of punishments, was appointed as the chief officer of Pingyang Road, and Li Ji, Prince James and Zuo Wei led the amphibious army into Koguryo. In February of 19th year, Emperor Taizong led the Sixth Army from Luoyang, and used personal expedition. Sean led the water army across the sea to Beishacheng and captured the prisoners. Li Jijun conquered Liaodong Town, an important town in Liaodong, and captured more than 20,000 people. In June, Tang Jun entered Anshicheng (Yingchengzi, southeast of Haicheng, Liaoning). The 1.5 million troops led by Gao Yanshou and Gao Huizhen in the north of Koguryo came to the rescue, and were defeated by Emperor Taizong, and the rest surrendered. In July, Tang Jun began to besiege Anshi City. Due to the desperate resistance of the defenders, Tang Jun was not conquered until September. It was near late autumn, and the grass was dry and frozen, so it was difficult for Shima to stay long. Emperor Taizong was forced to return to Korea on September 18, and failed to achieve the expected goal of occupying Koguryo. This time, Emperor Taizong conquered Goguryeo, captured ten cities such as Liaodong, captured more than 70,000 households, killed more than 40,000 Korean soldiers, killed thousands of people in Tang Jun, and lost seven or eight horses in ten horses. After Emperor Taizong's return to Korea, ministers suggested attacking pianshi who harassed Goguryeo, which made the Chinese people tired and delayed the farming season. In a few years, Koguryo will fall apart because of food shortage. Taizong adopted this suggestion. Later, Tang Jun adopted the strategy of harassing Goguryeo, as follows: In 647, Emperor Taizong ordered Niu Jinda and Li Ji to lead an army to invade North Korea by land and water, and pulled out Shicheng. King Goguryeo sent his son Gao Renwu to the Tang Dynasty to apologize; In six hundred and forty-eight, Xue Wanche, the general of Taiwei Right Wuwei, led 30,000 troops to cross the sea by boat, entered the Yalu River, and defeated Koguryo Army in Zhuobo City (now northeast of Dandong, Liaoning Province). In 655, because Goguryeo and Baekje invaded Silla, Silla sent messengers to Tang for help in the Spring and Autumn Period. Yingzhou satrap Cheng Mingzhen and satrap Su Lingbing were ordered to attack Koguryo. In 658, Cheng Mingzhen conquered Chifeng Town in Korea (about Haicheng, Liaoning Province) and beheaded 3,000 people. In 659 AD, Tang Youcheng and Xiang Xue defeated Koguryo Army in Hengshan Mountain (now Huabiao Mountain near Liaoyang, Liaoning Province). In 660 AD, Silla destroyed Baekje, and Koguryo lost its allies and fell into isolation. The following year, Emperor Gaozong ordered a massive attack on Goguryeo, sending 35 troops to go hand in hand with land and water. Sue defeated the Koguryo army in Bajiang, won many battles and entered Pyongyang. Li He, the son of Qi Qihe, defeated Gai Suwen and killed thirty thousand people. When Baekje's old general rebelled, the Soviet Union besieged Pyongyang for a long time. When withdrawing troops, General Zuo and Pang Xiaotai, the general manager of Woju Road, were defeated in wading, and Pang Xiaotai died. This is the last victory before Koguryo's demise. Because Su Wen, a beggar in Yuan Dynasty, failed to adopt a wise diplomatic strategy before his death, the combination of Tang Dynasty and Silla was bound to destroy Goguryeo quickly. Although Gai Suwen was able to control Koguryo's political situation with high pressure when he was alive, Koguryo was already in danger. When he died, Koguryo was not far from the fall.
Brief introduction to the ancient history of Korea: Koguryo died in 666 AD. After the reform of power, the prince and boy left the branch, but were forced to surrender to the Tang Dynasty by his second brother Nan Jian, causing civil strife in Koguryo. Seeing this, he sent Qi and Pang Tongshan to attack Koguryo and rescue the boy in the spring. Soon, Tang Gaozong took Li Ji as the general manager of Liaodong Road March, commanded various armies, and divided his troops to attack Koguryo. In the next year or so, good news spread frequently in various battlefields: Li Ji captured the new military town of Koguryo, and took advantage of the situation to capture all the nearby 16 cities; Xue defeated the Koguryo army in Jinshan, beheaded more than 50 thousand people, captured the three cities of Zhangzhou and Zhangzhou, and joined forces with the Spring Scouts. Li Ji and others captured Fuyu City and captured more than 10,000 people. More than 40 cities in Fuyu River have also been put to rest, and more than 30,000 people have been captured by Xue River, winning a great victory and capturing the big city. In the spring and summer of 668, Tang Jun joined forces and marched into Yalumen. Goguryeo sent troops to resist, and Tang Jun bravely attacked, defeated Goguryeo's army, pursued more than 200 miles, besieged the city and suffered humiliation, and other cities in Goguryeo either fled or surrendered. Tang Jun arrived at the gates of Pyongyang and surrounded Pyongyang for more than a month. Quan Nanjian still refused to defend behind closed doors and sent troops to fight many times, all of which were defeated. On September 12, Koguryo monk Bao Dexin opened the city gate, and Tang Jun rushed into the city, captured the public building, and Koguryo was completely pacified.
Revival movement
In 668, after the death of Koguryo, a large number of Koguryo adherents launched a movement to revive Koguryo and opposed the alliance between Tang and Silla. Tang Zeng tried many times to control this area, but all failed.
General Jian Moucen of Goguryeo first established An Sheng, a descendant of King Bao, as king in Baekje's hometown of Seoul, and tried to rebuild Goguryeo, which was supported by Silla King Famen. However, due to internal disputes, Jane was killed and AXA took refuge in Silla. Silla gave Ansheng a piece of land to set up a newspaper Germany. Silla has never given up its vigilance against Koguryo's adherents. Later, Silla Shen Wen died and was reported to the Germans. An Sheng gave it to the Silla royal family? Kim. Last name. Thousands of people were transferred to the south of Silla.
In 698, after Goguryeo's death, Qi Zhongxiang, the chief of Hou Ji, and his son Da established an earthquake country on both sides of the middle and lower reaches of Heilongjiang, and occupied part of Goguryeo's original land. After the death of the elephant, in 7 13, he accepted the policy of the Tang Dynasty and changed his name to Bohai State. Bohai Kingdom has been included in Korean history by mainstream Korean historians.
/kloc-at the beginning of the 0 th century, the bow family was Koguryo after Silla was established. The post-Koguryo kingdom inherited Koguryo. Wang Korea established by Silla people has no inheritance relationship with Koguryo (also known as Koguryo).
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