During the period of 1927, Chiang Kai-shek and Wang Ching-wei successively rebelled against the revolution and lost the first revolutionary civil war. In order to save the revolution,1July, 927, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held a meeting of the Standing Committee of the Provisional Political Bureau in Hankou, Hubei Province, and decided to hold an autumn harvest riot in the four provinces of Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi and Guangdong, where the power of * * was strong and the foundation of the workers' and peasants' movement was good, so as to completely solve the land problem of farmers. 1On August 7th, 927, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held an emergency meeting (August 7th meeting) in Hankou, which corrected Chen Duxiu's right capitulationist line and determined the general policy of armed resistance to the massacre of Kuomintang reactionaries and agrarian revolution. Mao Zedong put forward at the meeting that "you know, political power comes from the barrel of a gun". The meeting decided to send Mao Zedong to Hunan to reorganize the Hunan Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China and lead the autumn harvest uprising. 1On August 7th, 927, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to organize the autumn harvest uprising in the border area of Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi. 12 In August, the Guard Corps of the Second Army General Command of the Fourth Army of the National Revolutionary Army headed by Lu Deming and the Workers and Peasants Volunteers of Pingjiang arrived in xiushui county, and were unified into the First Division of the Workers and Peasants Revolutionary Army with Tongcheng and Chongyang Peasant Self-Defense Forces who arrived in Xiucheng in late August. Yu Sadu and Yu Benmin were appointed as the principal and deputy commanders, and there were 4 regiments, 1 and 4 regiments under their jurisdiction. Lu Deming is the commander-in-chief, whose headquarters is located in the county. The local party organizations in Xiushui actively cooperated with the development of armed forces and organized the masses to support the insurgents. He Changgong, the chief of staff of the division, and Yang Lisan, the adjutant, designed and manufactured the flag and armband of the first division of the First Army of the Workers and Peasants Revolutionary Army in Xiushui. "Autumn harvest season dusk cloud sorrow, thunderbolt riots". 1September 9, 927, the autumn harvest uprising that shocked the world first broke out in Xiushui, and the uprising troops raised the banner of righteousness in Xiushui county and advanced to Changsha. After Zhajin, he joined the 4th regiment of Qiu and conquered the bamboo skin factory occupied by the enemy. After the attack on Jin Ping, the birthday girl, was frustrated, he returned to Xiushui Taizhuang and sent troops to Wen Jia, Liuyang on orders from Mao Zedong. After joining the 2nd and 3rd regiments, he followed Mao Zedong on the road to Jinggangshan. After the August 7th meeting, Mao Zedong returned to Hunan as the Commissioner of the Central Committee. 1August, 927 18, the first meeting of the reorganized Hunan provincial party Committee was held in Dawu, Shenyang, a suburb of Changsha, to discuss and formulate the plan for the autumn harvest uprising, and set up the former enemy committee, with Mao Zedong as the secretary. 1At the beginning of September, 927, Mao Zedong held a military meeting in Zhangjiawan, Anyuan, Jiangxi Province to discuss the specific deployment of the autumn harvest uprising. The main force participating in the uprising consists of two parts: one part is the guard regiment of the former Second Army General Command of the Fourth Army of the National Revolutionary Army (composed of recruits from the Ye Ting Independent Regiment), the other part is the agricultural army in Pingjiang and Liuyang, Hunan, some farmers' armed forces in Nantong and Chongyang, and the workers' armed forces in Anyuan Coal Mine, Changsha. 1September 9, 927, the autumn harvest uprising broke out on the Hunan-Jiangxi border. The revolutionary army of workers and peasants attacked Changsha from Xiushui, Anyuan and Tonggu respectively, and successively occupied Liling, Liuyang County, Longmen Factory in Pingjiang, Baisha and Dongmen City in Liuyang. At that time, because the revolutionary situation was at a low tide, the enemy was strong and we were weak, the masses lacked combat experience, some commanders of the rebel army made mistakes in command, and the newly incorporated Fourth Regiment defected in the battle, which made the rebel army suffer serious setbacks. 1927 September 14, Mao Zedong held an emergency meeting in Shang Ping, Dongxiang, Liuyang, and decided to change the plan to attack Changsha, and ordered the remaining 1st, 3rd and 2nd regiments to quickly assemble in Wen Jia, Liuyang. /Kloc-On the evening of 0/9, a meeting of the former enemy committee was held in Wen Jia, and it was decided that the insurgents would leave Xiangdong and enter Jiangxi, and go south along the Luo Xiao Mountains to preserve the revolutionary forces. On the way south, the rebels were in a very difficult situation. In Luxi, Pingxiang County, Jiangxi Province, he was ambushed by the enemy, and the commander-in-chief Lu Deming died. 1On September 29th, 927, when the troops arrived at Sanwan Village, Yongxin County, Jiangxi Province, they were reorganized (i.e. Sanwan Reorganization): the original division was reduced to regiment; Establish a party branch in the company; Establish soldiers' committees at all levels, implement a democratic management system, and make officers and men politically equal. In June+10, 5438, the troops arrived in the middle of the mountain range, namely Jinggangshan area, and with the help of local armed forces Yuan and Yuan, the first rural revolutionary base area in China was founded.

Compared with the Nanchang uprising, the autumn harvest uprising has one of the most obvious characteristics:

1, not only the actions of the army, but also the participation of a large number of workers and peasants.

2. For the first time, the banner of the revolutionary army of workers and peasants was publicly displayed.

Although the initial goal of this uprising was to capture big cities, it was a decisive new starting point in the history of the people's revolution to change from attacking big cities to marching into the countryside in time after the uprising suffered serious setbacks. The uprising troops carried out guerrilla warfare in rural areas since childhood, which laid the foundation for the large-scale development of the Red Army of Workers and Peasants and the rural revolutionary base areas. Autumn Harvest Uprising and Jinggangshan Road are the starting points of Mao Zedong's thought of encircling cities from rural areas.

4. Adapted from Sanwan, the party branch was built on the company, which cast the soul of the people's army-always listen to the party's command.

1927 On September 9th, under the leadership of Mao Zedong, the first division headquarters and the first and fourth regiments of the First Army of the Revolutionary Army of Workers and Peasants held a famous autumn harvest uprising in Xiushui, and the first flag of the Revolutionary Army of Workers and Peasants fluttered in the wind.

1In August, 927, the former Second Army Guard Corps of the Fourth Army of the National Revolutionary Army led by our Party was instructed by the CPC Central Committee to participate in the Nanchang Uprising. On the way, I learned that the rebel army had retreated from Nanchang, so I went to Xiushui at the junction of Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi to stand by and watch.

At the same time, according to the spirit of the August 7th meeting of the Central Committee, the CPC Central Committee actively prepared for the autumn harvest riots in Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi and Guangdong provinces. At the end of August 65438 and the beginning of September 0927, the bronze (drum) guards stationed in Xiushui and the workers and peasants volunteers stationed in Pingjiang (Liuyang) actively prepared and waited for the opportunity to participate in the riots.

1927 One night in early September, the east wing of Xiushui Chamber of Commerce was brightly lit. On the spacious table of the Eight Immortals in the HQ office, HQ staff officer He Changgong, adjutant Yang Lisan and staff director Chan Sarah are making military flags. They repeatedly compared, deliberated, revised and demonstrated, and finally decided that the bottom of the flag was red, symbolizing the revolution, and the five-star representative of the central flag was China.

"The army is called the workers' and peasants' revolution, and the flag is a sickle and axe. Kuanglu (referring to Jiangxi) does not stay, but goes straight to Xiaoxiang (referring to Hunan). Landlords are oppressed and farmers are enemies. In the autumn harvest season, the clouds are sad and chaotic. " 1927 On September 9th, under the personal leadership of Mao Zedong, the Autumn Harvest Uprising broke out. The first division headquarters and the first and fourth regiments of the First Army of the Revolutionary Army of Workers and Peasants blew the revolutionary horn, and the first flag of the Revolutionary Army of Workers and Peasants flew high in Xiushui ancient city. The second and third corps also started riots in Anyuan and Tonggu. From then on, the raging fire of armed struggle quickly spread to the vast land of eastern Hunan and western Jiangxi, and a golden autumn catastrophe threatened the enemy on the border of Hunan and Jiangxi.