Beijiang tributary of Lianjiang-Zhujiang River system is the largest tributary of Beijiang River in Zhujiang River system, located on the right bank of Beijiang River and originated from Lianzhou City (Lianxian County) in Guangdong Province. Its main stream is 275 kilometers long and its catchment area is 1.0 1.000 square kilometers. It flows through Lianzhou City (Lianxian County), Yangshan County and yingde city, and flows into Beijiang River in Jiangtouzui, Yingde County.
In Lianzhou (Lianxian), it is divided into two sections. The upper reaches are the Xing Zi River, also known as Xinjiang and Guishui. Originated in Sanmeishan, Lian County (a mill stone in Xingzixu, Lian County), it flows through the roadside, Xing Zi, Baoquan and other towns, and flows into the Northeast River in Fucheng. The river is 95 kilometers long and its catchment area is 1623 square kilometers. The downstream is Huangchuan, and Xing Zi is called Huangchuan after it joins the Northeast River via Datang Bay in the north of Lianzhou City. The domestic catchment area is 2664 square kilometers, accounting for 26.47% of the total water area 1006 1 square kilometer. The length of rivers in China is 12 1 km, accounting for 44% of Lianjiang's total length of 275 km. Lianjiang starts from Shuangxiting estuary in Lianzhou, flows through Huangchuan Three Gorges and reaches Tongguankou in Yangshan County, with a total length of 26 kilometers.
Yangshan county in Lianjiang runs through the abdomen of Yangshan county from northwest to southeast, with a length of 8 1km. Dongguan water enters the boundary of Yangshan County and flows to the southeast, passing through the boundary beach to Dali Gorge, Shanglang Shuikeng, Wenquan Beach, Huangniutan, Shiluotan, Xiaojiangkou, Nan 'an, Gouya, Pudou, Longya Gorge, Leigongkeng and Heleigongkeng, passing through Tongru Square in the county, passing through Tiechi Li Antang and passing through Fancun, Longshi and Leigongkeng.
In yingde city, Lianjiang River enters from the northwest of Yingde, with a flow of 80 kilometers and an average riverbed gradient of 0.77%. The rainwater collection and storage area is 2572.4 square kilometers, accounting for 45% of the total area of the county. The trunk flows through Qingkeng, Dawan, Zhangbei, Xiniu, Shihuipu, Shuibian, Lianjiang and other towns, and joins Beijiang River at the estuary.
There are 30 main tributaries in the whole river, with a catchment area of 100 square kilometers, of which Zishui 122 1 square kilometers is the largest tributary.
Baoquan River (Baoquan River) in Lianzhou City originates from Daojintang, flows through Yaoan Yao Township and Baoquan Town, and joins Xing Zi River in Wancun. This river is 59 kilometers long with a drainage area of 393 square kilometers.
Northeast River (Northeast Water) is also called Xixi, and it was formerly called Luxi or Lushui. Originated in Daluoling, it flows through Sanshui, Zhugang, Fengyang, Northeast, Xi 'an and other towns, and reaches the boundary point between Xing Zi River and Huangchuan River in Datang Bay, with a total length of 72 kilometers and a catchment area of 823 square kilometers.
The Guanshui in Yangshan County is also known as Ribushui and Ribujiang. It originated in Huang Lian Depression of Liannan County, flowed into Yangshan via Zhaigang of Liannan County, and flowed into Lianjiang via Libu to Dongguankou. It flows through Libu, Buffon and other towns, with a drainage area of 655 square kilometers, Yangshan County with a total length of 57 kilometers and Yangshan County with a total length of 23 kilometers. The drop in the county is 24 meters from Yilong Mountain to Dongguankou, with an average slope of 3.6‰. Its main tributary is Fucun Cave Water, which originates from Jigong Mountain at the junction of Yangshan and Liannan County, with a drainage area of 139 square kilometers, a river length of 20 kilometers, a total drop of 1094 meters and an average gradient of 18.5‰.
Qigong Water, also known as Qigong River, formerly known as Tongru Water, originated from Shiyanglou Mountain at the junction of Yangshan and Huaiji County. Its upstream is in An Baili Township, called Anbaili Water; The subsurface flow from the karst cave in Anbaili Lake to the exit of Niubiyan in Taiping is called Niubiyan underground river. NiuBiyan is called Qigong Water after its export, and it flows through Taiping, Qigong, Xinxu, du step, Shuikou and other towns, where it joins the river. The basin covers an area of 845 square kilometers, the length of the main stream is 6 1 km, the total drop is 966 meters, and the average riverbed gradient is 2.84%. The main tributaries are Shahe and Yushakeng.
Qinglianshui, also known as Lingbei River and Taojiang River in ancient times, is the largest tributary of Lianjiang River. Produced in the crater at the junction of Yangshan, Ruyuan and Yizhang counties in Hunan Province. After merging with Huanglongqiao water, it is called Weighing River, and after merging with Huangkuang water, it is called Qinglian water. It flows through the towns of fish scales, backs, plowshares, violets, etc. and joins Lianjiang at the end of Qinglian. The drainage area is 122 1 km2, the main stream is 85km long, and the drop is1852m, with an average gradient of 5.28‰.
Miaogongkeng, also known as Leigongkeng Water, originates from the red earth mountain at the junction of Yangshan County and Liannan County, flows out of Jiangge River, passes through pine forest and Xiaguanpi, flows into Lianjiang from Tianpanshui to Leigongkeng, and flows through Da Lang and Yang Yang towns, with a drainage area of 166 square kilometers, a river length of 29 kilometers and a total drop of 168. The population of the basin is 26,000, and the cultivated land is 25,000 mu.
Daping water, which originates from the water mountain in the county, flows into Yingde and is called Zhonggu water. It flows into the People's Bay River in Yonganping and then into Lianjiang. Yangshan County has a watershed area of 1 10 square kilometer, a river length of 22.2 kilometers, a total drop of 520 meters, and an average gradient of 17.6‰. The exploitable hydraulic resources are 5000 kilowatts.
There are six tributaries along the main stream of Yingde urban section, such as Boluo River, Tianxin River, Huangdong River, Zhutianhe River, Songqing River and Shuibian River, with abundant rainfall.
Datan River, also known as Dawan Water, has its upstream in Ruyuan. The upper reaches are Shigu Temple Water, the middle reaches are Yueping Water and the lower reaches are Yama Lake River. Mayi Rock, which originated at the northern foot of Tianjing Mountain in China, is1888m above sea level. From north to south, it flows through Santuo Village, flows into Yueping Water at the dam tail, flows through Ashebian and Daban underground rivers, flows into Luoyang Water at Yama Lake, flows through Gumushui, Luoyang and Dabu, and leaves Lan Village, about 4 kilometers south of Baimangping, and flows to Boluo Town, Yingde County. The rainwater collection area of the river is 99 1 km2, of which Ruyuan is 44 1 km2, the river length is 44km, the average riverbed gradient is 18.2‰, the natural drop is1330m, the available drop is 800m, and the average flow is 19.55. The Datan River is not navigable in Ruyuan.
Huangdongshui is commonly known as Dabu River. Sammo Zen, which originated in the south of Ruyuan County, passed through Dabu Yingming, went out to Chengtou, flowed to Yong 'anliao in Yingde County, and merged into Lianjiang. The rainwater collection area of the river is 394 square kilometers, including 59 square kilometers in Ruyuan County, and the river length is 16 kilometers. The average riverbed gradient is 57. 14‰, with a natural drop of 600 meters and an available drop of 387 meters. There are many canyons in the basin. In the lower reaches of the Tai Po River, Chengtou Waterfall is the largest waterfall in Guangdong with a drop of 220 meters. Huangdongshui is the main river in Dabu Town, with an average flow of 2.57 cubic meters per second, an annual runoff of 257 million cubic meters and a hydropower reserve of 7,600 kilowatts.
River Basin Overview Lianjiang River Basin is mostly mountainous, and the limestone mountainous area accounts for about 60% of the basin area, mainly distributed in 56 districts of Ruyuan, Lianxian, Liannan, Yangshan and Yingde counties, with a total area of about 6,350 square kilometers. There are caves and cracks, showing karst terrain. Above the county seat, the banks of Lianjiang River are low-lying and open; Below Lianxian County, except Dawan and great basin, rivers are all in high mountains and valleys. There are often terraces on both sides of the river, and the altitude is about 6 meters above the low water level. There are 30 tributaries in the whole river, and the catchment area exceeds 100 square kilometers, of which Zishui 122 1 square kilometers is the largest tributary.
The waters from Yangluan Town to qinglian town, about 12km southeast of Yangshan County, are called Lianjiang Gallery in Shuikou, Small Guilin. Guan Shanyue, a famous painter and calligrapher, once roamed here to collect scenery and admired its wonderful scenery, calling it "Shuikou Small Guilin", which is the highest scenic spot in Lianjiang. Because of its beautiful Lingnan landscape features, it was once the location shooting base of the best feature film "The Voice of the Country" in the 4th Golden Rooster Award, and it was also the first choice for photographers.
Hydrological characteristics The average annual rainfall in Lianjiang River Basin is between 1560- 1990 mm, which gradually increases from upstream to downstream and is unevenly distributed in the year. The rainfall in flood season (April-September) accounts for about 73% of the whole year. The annual runoff11600 million cubic meters, the annual distribution is similar to the rainfall trend, accounting for about 75%-80% in the flood season. Lianjiang flood is one of the main sources of flood in the main stream of Beijiang River. 1959 A large reservoir power station was built at the mouth of Lianjiang River, but it was stopped due to excessive inundation loss and insufficient funds.
Yingde city section, the maximum flood peak is 7068 cubic meters per second (1982); The average annual runoff is 65.438+0.034 billion cubic meters, and the minimum runoff is 22.5 cubic meters per second. The runoff in flood season is 8.404 billion cubic meters. It accounts for 8 1.3% of the annual runoff, and the river bed is relatively flat, which is prone to floods. The affected farmland is about 10.92 million mu, accounting for 43.3% of the flood-affected area in the county. The cultivated land area along the Yangtze River is 379,300 mu, accounting for 44.3% of the county's cultivated land area. The main stream is the main waterway connecting Lianxian, Yangshan, Shaoguan and Guangzhou.
Harnessing and developing Lianjiang River from Lian County to Lian Jiangkou is long 1, 8 1km, with steep slope and rapid flow, large and small shoals 1.39, shallow shoals and difficult navigation. Originally, only wooden sailboats of 10- 1.5 tons could be used. From 65438 to 0959, channelization construction was carried out in this section. A total of 65,438+065,438+0 channelized cascades have been built, mainly for shipping and comprehensive utilization, including Jackie Chan Shipyard, Tan Jie, Huangniu, Huangyan, Huajizui, Jiaojianbei, Qinglian, Shuangqing, Suoyitan, Huang Mao Gorge and Qiaoqiaoshi. The designed waterway can be used for mobile barges with a load of 100 tons, but the project is not perfect. The installed capacity of hydropower resources that can be developed in Lianjiang is about 410.8 million kilowatts. Except for the Tanling medium-sized hydropower station (installed capacity of 37,500 kilowatts) built upstream, the rest are mostly small hydropower resources.
In Yangshan County, Lianjiang has 57 rapids. From 1959 to 1972, the 1 1 channelized cascade projects were successively built, among which seven channelized cascade projects were built in Hanoi, including Jietan, Huangniutan, Huangyan Beach, Huajizui, Jiaojianpi, Qinglian and Qingshuang Beach. Dangerous beaches have been flooded and navigation has been greatly improved. From the original wooden sailboat that can only sail about 10 tons, it has been improved into a motor boat with navigable load 100 tons. By 1985, China's canal chemical project has built four hydropower stations with a total installed capacity of 2950 kilowatts, and 12 hydraulic pump stations with an irrigation area of 9585 mu.
Chakengkou, upstream of Miaogongkeng, a secondary tributary, has Chakeng Reservoir, a county key water conservancy project, which controls the rainwater storage area of 33.8 square kilometers and has a total storage capacity of 24.2 million cubic meters. It is a comprehensive water control project which is mainly based on regulating power generation, supplemented by irrigation, flood control and industrial water supply. Eight power stations have been built in the basin, with a total installed capacity of 7,625 kilowatts, of which the Lanhe Dam, the county backbone hydropower station, controls the rainwater collection area 108 square kilometers and the water head 192 meters, with a total installed capacity of 4,800 kilowatts. Using the tail water of Guanbei Power Station, 9000 mu of farmland can be irrigated, and 0.7 cubic meters of water can be supplied to the county nitrogen fertilizer plant every second. Chakeng Reservoir can also reduce the downstream flood area by 5,500 mu.
There are: medium-sized comprehensive utilization project Shaba reservoir, 5 reservoirs below Class II, and small irrigation diversion project below 1,000 mu 10 on the Daping River.
The secondary tributary, Qinglianshui, has high mountains and steep slopes in the upper reaches and a large rainwater collection area, which can develop hydropower resources of 80,000 kilowatts, accounting for half of the county. This basin is one of the main coal producing areas in this county, and it is also one of the main forestry harvesting areas. There are many precious plants and animals in the original forest area of Dibangqiao, which is listed as Nanling National Nature Reserve. Lingbeiwei to Qinglianwei, with a total length of 25 kilometers, can be navigable to 20-ton ships in wet season, mainly transporting coal. Caotiankeng irrigation medium-sized reservoir reaches 1 10,000 mu. In addition, there are 4 small (I) type reservoirs and 4 1 reservoir below small (II) type. Banlong Water Conservancy, a water diversion project, can irrigate thousands of acres of farmland.
There are 0/5 water diversion projects/kloc-and irrigation tributaries on Qigong 1000 mu, including 0/0000 mu of osmanthus project irrigation and 5,000 mu of Niubiyan, Baisha North and Huangchuan North projects irrigation. There are 35 small reservoirs, including Niudong Reservoir for comprehensive utilization and Dongshan Reservoir for drinking water in mountainous areas. The exploitable hydropower resources (including tributaries)12345kW, and the built power stations 17, with a total installed capacity of 5685kW. Navigation was possible before 1950s, but it was suspended in the early 1960s due to the construction of water conservancy facilities such as Huang Chuan Pi.
On the top of the tributary cave, there are two ten thousand mu water diversion projects, Dalong and Fengshan. Navigation was possible before the 1950s, but it was basically not suspended in the 1960s.