In the prosperous Tang Dynasty, Kaiyuan and Tianbao (7 13-756) were prosperous times in the history of China. At that time, the northwest frontier was frequently attacked and defended, which became a major event in people's lives. Many poets come into contact with this theme from different angles. Many of these poets have experienced frontier life. They use poems to describe the scenery beyond the Great Wall, express the spiritual life of soldiers and express their complex and contradictory feelings, which are full of tragic, heroic and romantic feelings. Wang Changling is the best among frontier poets.
Appreciation of Reading Out of the Plug
Wang Changling
About the author:
Wang Changling (698-757) was a poet in the Tang Dynasty. The word Shao Bo was born in Jingzhao Wannian (now Xi, Shaanxi). In the fifteenth year of Kaiyuan, he was a scholar and was named Surabaya Wei. Later, he served as school book lang, Jiangning Ling and Long Biao, and was later called Wang Jiangning or Wang Longbiao. His poems are impassioned and profound, especially frontier poems that express the life of the army. He is especially good at five-character ancient poems and seven-character quatrains, among which seven-character quatrains have the highest achievements. Out of the Fortress and Join the Army are both famous masterpieces. There are nearly 180 poems today.
Original text:
Bright moon in Qin dynasty, bright moon in Han dynasty.
The Long March hasn't come back yet.
But Dragon City will fly in,
Don't teach Huma to climb the Yinshan Mountain.
Precautions:
Chu Sai: Military Songs in Ancient Yuefu. Plug refers to a dangerous place on the border.
Close: Close the plug.
But manufacturing: as long as.
Dragon City Flying General: Li Guang, a famous soldier in the Han Dynasty, was brave and good at fighting, and was called "Flying General" by Huns. Longcheng, that is, Lulongcheng, is the place where Li Guang stationed troops, in lulong county, Hebei Province today.
Don't teach: don't let, don't let.
Huma: The military strength of the Hu people here refers to the Xiongnu army. Hu, the ancient Han nationality's general name for the northern minorities.
Degree: Over.
Yinshan: the yinshan mountains, located in the south of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. During the Han Dynasty, Xiongnu often invaded the Central Plains.
Today's translation:
It is also the bright moon and border pass in Qin and Han Dynasties.
Wan Li's soldiers haven't returned yet.
As long as Li Guang, the flying general of the Han Dynasty, is still alive,
Never let the enemy cross the Yinshan Mountain.
Appreciate:
Unlike most frontier poems, which try to describe the difficulties and obstacles of war life, this poem focuses on showing contempt for the enemy, loyalty to the country, and a brave and fearless heroism. The first two sentences about the bright moon and the majestic Chengguan not only arouse people's memories of countless anti-aggression wars in history, but also witness the soldiers galloping in Wan Li and fighting bloody battles today. In the last two sentences, Li Guang, a famous soldier in the Han Dynasty, was used as a metaphor for the heroic soldiers who went out to defend the border in the Tang Dynasty, praising their determination and fighting spirit of bravely killing the enemy and dying for the country. This poem has a deep sense of history from ancient times to the present; The scene is vast and has a grand sense of space. Between the lines, full of patriotism and heroism.
Brief comments:
"The bright moon in Qin dynasty and the customs in Han dynasty" is an intertextual view, that is, the bright moon in Qin and Han dynasties shines on the customs in Qin and Han dynasties. Intertextuality is a common form of expression in China's classical poems. For example, "Mulan Poetry" said: "The male rabbit's feet are complicated and the female rabbit's eyes are blurred. When two rabbits walk beside the ground, can Ann tell whether I am a male or a female? " The poet wants to tell us that male rabbits and female rabbits are both "complicated feet" and "blurred eyes", and it is difficult to distinguish them. Poetry is short and pithy, so it is often expressed through intertextuality. "Those who didn't return from the Long March" refers to those feudal monarchs who were overjoyed and fought for a long time, so that many people were recruited to abandon their bodies in Wan Li and bid farewell to their relatives in their hometown. This is both a historical fact and a reality of the Tang Dynasty.
This poem has a broad vision, from Qin to Han, from Han to Tang, with a time span of more than a thousand years, a space span of Wan Li, and a bleak and vigorous weather. In lamenting the vicissitudes of history, it embodies the tragedy that the poet's time and space are eternal, his life is short, and he can't control his own destiny; In the contrast and reflection between history and reality, the poet's deep complaint is more full: endless wars have caused many conscripts to leave their homes and die in the frontier. "But make Longcheng fly, and don't teach Huma to cross the Yinshan Mountain." Therefore, the end of the poem sings a common wish of people from all ages: I hope that the generals guarding the border can be as brave and good at fighting as the flying general Li Guang, sympathize with the soldiers, defeat the invading enemies as soon as possible, and let the soldiers go home and reunite with their families. This minimal wish embodies the poet's rational reflection on history and reality, countless conscripts' longing for peace, missing their families and condemning those cowardly and incompetent generals. Sometimes "Qin and Han Dynasties" are used to refer to reality in Tang poetry, which is a euphemism and allegory for reality. The focus of this poem is still in the real society, and we can also understand the allusions in the poem from this angle. The language of poetry is simple and plain, and there is little carving. However, because this is a poetic language written by the poet's historical worries about the compassionate world, the whole poem is naturally free and easy, which makes people feel a natural tragic beauty. The whole poem system is short, but it is full of ancient and modern charm. Li Panlong in Ming Dynasty praised this poem as a masterpiece of Tang Dynasty.