Wang Mian (1287 ~ 1359), a famous painter and poet in Yuan Dynasty, was called Shi, Fan Niuweng, Huiji Waishi, Plum Blossom House Owner, etc. Zhuji (now Zhejiang) people. He was born in poverty, herded cattle during the day, painted lotus flowers whenever he had time, studied under the ever-burning lamps of Buddhist temples at night, then studied Korean sexology, worked hard as a scholar, and traveled to metropolis (now Beijing). Tai Puhua recommended him to work in imperial academy, so he resigned. Retired to Jiulishan, sold paintings for a living, and died in the countryside. Painting ink plums, dense branches and leaves, full of business, vigorous and powerful, or taking rouge as boneless plums; He is also good at bamboo and stone. A flower-and-bird painter who created a new style of freehand brushwork of ink and plum in painting. Zi Zhang (one Su Yuan) was born in Shan Hao, Zhuji, Yuan Dynasty. I like studying since I was a child, herding cows during the day, sneaking into school to listen to students, returning at dusk, forgetting his cows and getting angry with Qin Lao. Mother is willing to listen to what she does, because she goes to a monk's temple every night and sits on the Buddha's leg, reading with the ever-burning lamp. Later, Han Xing, a scholar from Huiji, eventually became a Confucian scholar. But when I failed the exam again and again, I set the article on fire. Act differently from ordinary people, wearing a top hat, green hemp fiber, wooden teeth and a wood blade, singing loudly and going back and forth in the city. Or riding a scalper and reading with Chinese books, people regard it as madness. The writer Li Xiaoguang wants to be recommended as a government official. He declared: "I have fields to farm and books to read, so I can't stand in court every morning and evening for slavery!" " Then I went to Wu Dong, Huai and Chu, and visited famous mountains and rivers. I traveled to most places, and my old friend's secretary, Qing Taihua, recommended me to work in the library, so I resigned and went back to my hometown. He lived in seclusion in Jiuli Mountain, planted thousands of plums, and built three huts called "Plum Blossom House". He became the owner of the plum blossom house and made a living by selling paintings. He made a boat and named it "Duckweed Pavilion" and put it in Jianhu Lake. Also widely planted plum and bamboo, playing the piano and composing poems, drinking and whistling. Zhu Yuanzhang pacified five states, captured Yuezhou, stationed in Jiulishan, heard his name, searched for it, set up a shogunate, and granted him advice to join the army, but failed. In the 19th year of Hui Zong in Yuan Dynasty (1359), Zhu Yuanzhang sought the crown by official. Guan refused to become a monk and expanded his room into a Baiyun Temple. Melodic death metal Yu Lanting Zhang Tian Temple. ?

Wang Mian is famous for painting plums, especially mume plums. The plum blossoms he painted are simple, free and easy, and unique. His "Mo Mei Tu Juan" painted a horizontal branch of Mo Mei, with simple brushwork, beautiful branches and fresh and pleasing composition. With proper ink, flowers bloom, unfold and sprout clearly and freely, full of vitality. His pen is very strong, and crochet has created a unique frustration method. Although it is not colored, it can vividly depict the smiling branches of plum blossoms. It not only shows the natural charm of plum blossom, but also reflects the painter's thoughts and feelings of high standards and seeking defeat alone. Coupled with the author's well-known seven-character painting poem, poetry and painting complement each other, making this painting an immortal work.

Many of Wang Mian's poems sympathize with the sufferings of the people, condemn the powerful, despise fame and fortune, and describe rural seclusion, such as hurting pavilion households, women in the south of the Yangtze River, facing the scenery, electrodeless music, Mo Mei and the rhyme of sword songs. Poems of Zhu Zhai consists of three volumes and two sequels. He loved plum blossoms all his life, planted plum blossoms and Yongmei, attacked and painted plum blossoms, and was good at painting bamboo. Those who ask for help will follow them. There is nothing wrong with painting plum blossoms like Yang. Flowers are blooming, vegetation is vigorous and business is booming. Especially good at rouge as boneless body, unique style. It has a great influence on the masters of plum blossom painting in Ming Dynasty, such as Liu, Li, Wang and so on. The surviving paintings are The Three Gentlemen's Map and The Meme Map. Can manage printing, make printing with flower milk stone, and seal cutting is wonderful. There is a biography of Ming history.

Mo Mei? 6? 1 Wang Mian (yuan)

My Xiyan Lake Head Tree,

All the flowers are pale and inky.

Don't boast that the color is beautiful,

Just keep it fresh and full of Kun.

Translation:

My family painted plum trees near Xiyan Lake, with pale ink flowers. It doesn't need others to praise its beautiful color, as long as it leaves a fragrance full of dried Kun.

Notes on Important and Difficult Points: ① Mo Mei: Plum Blossom in Ink Painting. ② Xiyan Lake: a pool for washing pens and inkstones after writing and drawing. Wang Xizhi has a legend that "the middle school books in the pool are all black". This is the allusion used here. The poet has the same surname as Wang Xizhi, a calligrapher in Jin Dynasty, so he says "my home".

[Notes]

1. Momei: Plum blossom in ink painting.

2. Xiyan Lake: a pool for washing pens and inkstones after writing and drawing. Wang Xizhi has a legend that "the middle school books in the pool are all black". This is the allusion used here.

3. Light ink: In ink painting, there are several ink colors, such as light ink, thick ink and Jiao Mo. What is said here is that the plum blossoms are dotted with faint ink.

4. Fresh air: fragrant smell.

5. Gan Kun: Heaven and Earth.

[Brief analysis]

This is a poem. Mo Mei is the plum blossom of ink painting. Poets praise Mo Mei and Dont Ask For Help, just to leave a fragrance of virtue to the world. In fact, he used Mei as a metaphor to express his life attitude and noble sentiment.

The first two sentences, "The first tree in Xiyan Lake, my home, is full of pale ink marks", which directly describes Mo Mei. In the painting, the plum trees by the pond are in full bloom, and the plum blossoms are stained with a faint ink color. "West Wild Goose Lake" is the allusion of Wang Xizhi's "middle school books in the pool, and the water in the pool is all black". The poet has the same surname as Wang Xizhi, a calligrapher in Jin Dynasty, so he says "my home".

Three or four sentences praise Mo Mei's moral integrity. It is painted in light ink, and although its appearance is not exquisite, it has a beautiful, noble and dignified, secluded and detached inner temperament; It doesn't want to attract people, please people and get people's praise with bright colors. It just wants to send out a fragrance and let it stay between heaven and earth. These two sentences are the poet's self-portrayal. Wang Mian grew up in a poor family, herding cattle during the day and studying hard under the ever-burning lamps of Buddhist temples at night. Finally, he learned a lot. He is good at poetry and painting, and he is versatile. However, he tried every time and didn't want to curry favor with the powerful, so he decided to be rich and famous, and lived in seclusion in Jiulishan, East Zhejiang, drawing rice for a living. The phrase "don't be praised by lewdness, just stay dry for nothing" shows the poet's character of disdain, independence and self-appreciation.

This poem, titled Mo Mei, is intended to express one's ambition. The poet organically integrates painting style, poetic style and personality. Literally praising plum blossoms is actually appreciating the virtue of a person standing.

[Mo Mei] Plum blossoms only paint ink. [Pool head] Pool edge. [inkstone pool] A pond for washing brush and inkstone. [Light ink mark] Light black marks refer to the color of flowers. [Qingqi] An aromatic smell. "Qian Kun" refers to heaven and earth.

Poetic:

This picture is a tree next to my home. Every plum blossom has a faint black color, but no bright color. I don't need others to praise its beautiful color, as long as it can leave a faint fragrance between heaven and earth.