Lao She (1899 ~ 1966), aged 67, was originally named Shu Qingchun, and his surname was divided into two, Manchu, a Beijinger. 1899 was born in Xiaoyangquan Hutong (now Xiaoyangjia Hutong) in Xicheng, Beijing, a poor family in Manchu city. Modern famous writers and outstanding language masters are known as "people's artists". Manchu was a red flag man, and his father was a Manchu guard who was killed in the street fighting when Eight-Nation Alliance attacked Beijing. The pseudonym Lao She was originally used in the novel Lao Zhang's Philosophy. Other pen names include She Yu, Qian Qing, Yu Qian, Fei Wo and Hongse.

19 13 was admitted to Beijing Normal University. 19 18 graduated from Beijing normal university, and served as the principal of a primary school in the northern suburbs, giving advice to students. The ideological trend of democracy, science and personality liberation aroused by the May 4th New Culture Movement awakened him from the life creed of "running a primary school seriously, respectfully serving his mother, getting married and having children properly". The prosperity of the literary revolution made him "obsessed with new literature and art", thus starting a new starting point in his life and career. 1922 worked as a Chinese teacher in Nankai Middle School. In the same year, the first short story Jason Chung was published. From 65438 to 0924, he went to England and worked as a Chinese lecturer at Oriental College of London University. After teaching, I read a lot of foreign literary works and officially started my creative career. Three satirical novels describing the life of citizens, Lao Zhang's Philosophy, Zhao Ziyue and Ermayina, were published one after another. Since 1925, three novels have been written one after another: Lao Zhang's Philosophy vividly exposes the smoky educational circle; Zhao Ziyue's flogging edge points to the young students who praise the new school, but they are actually intoxicated; The protagonist of Two Horses is a Beijinger living in Britain. Ironically, it is still the abnormal mentality of "leaving the nest" cultivated in the soil of feudal small-scale production society. They all use crisp Beijing spoken language and humorous language to render the folk customs of Beijing, and through the analysis of the national psychology of conservatism and stealing peace, they express their worries about the fate of the motherland, showing their unique artistic personality and ideological perspective. After the three works were serialized in Novel Monthly, they attracted the attention of literary circles. 1926 Lao She joined the Literature Research Association. /kloc-in the summer of 0/929, he returned to China via Europe and Asia. During my stay in Singapore, I was inspired by the rising demand for national liberation and created a novella "Xiaopo's Birthday" reflecting the awakening of the oppressed nation. /kloc-returned to the motherland in 0/930, served as an associate professor at cheeloo university College of Literature in Jinan, and edited Qilu Monthly.

1925, Lao She's first novel, Lao Zhang's Philosophy, was published, which was based on Lao She's experience in Beijing education. The novel reveals the darkness and chaos in the field of education under the rule of Beiyang government, and shows humorous artistic style in art.

Camel Xiangzi takes the whereabouts of rickshaw driver Xiangzi in Beiping (present-day Beijing) as a clue, and shows people the picture of poor citizens at the bottom of Beijing living in the abyss of pain under the rule of warlords and darkness. From the story of Xiangzi's attempt to get rid of the tragic fate of life through personal struggle, he finally failed or even degenerated, warning people that it is impossible for urban poor peasants to turn over and become masters by personal struggle alone. Camel Xiangzi came out and was translated into more than ten languages, which had a great influence.

/kloc-in the summer of 0/934, he went to Qingdao Shandong University as a professor of China Literature Department. /kloc-in the summer of 0/936, I quit my teacher and specialized in literary creation. After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, he went to Wuhan and Chongqing to preside over the work of the All-China Anti-Japanese Federation of Literary and Art Circles, served as the executive director and general affairs team leader, and organized the publication of Anti-Japanese Literature and Art magazine. 1March, 946 He went to the United States to give lectures for one year at the invitation of the State Council. After the expiration, he stayed in the United States to write. 1949 ended and returned to Beijing. He used to be a member of the State Council Culture and Education Committee, a member of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference Standing Committee, a vice-chairman of China Federation of Literary and Art Circles, a vice-chairman of Chinese Writers Association and secretary of the Secretariat, a vice-chairman of China Folk Literature and Art Research Association, a member of Chinese Dramatists Association and China Music Association, and the chairman of Beijing Federation of Literary and Art Circles. 1966 was persecuted to death by the gang of four and committed suicide by jumping into the lake.

Lao She worked hard all his life and created a lot. In 1930s, he became one of the most successful writers, with novels such as Xiaopo's Birthday, Cat City, Divorce, Legend of Niu Tianci, Camel Xiangzi and short stories such as Fair. After the publication of Camel Xiangzi, it became famous in the literary world, describing the miserable life of people living in the lower classes, marking the formation of Lao She's realistic style and reaching the highest achievement of his novel creation. It is one of the best novels in the history of modern literature in China and has been translated into more than a dozen foreign languages. His works in the 1940s include: novel Cremation, Four Generations under One roof, novella My Life, collections of short stories Anemia and Crescent Moon, collections of popular literature and art, etc. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, his works mainly include novel Under the Red Flag, reportage Unknown Heights, prose collection Fuxing Ji, script Longxugou, Teahouse and so on. Lao She's literary creation lasted for 40 years, and his works mostly focused on the life of urbanites, with clear love and hate and a strong sense of justice. The characters are distinct and the details are true. He can master the language skillfully, and is good at accurately using Beijing dialect to express characters and describe events, so that his works have a strong local color and a strong flavor of life. Lao She won people's love with his satirical and humorous style. 195 1 year, Beijing Municipal People's Government awarded him the honorary title of "People's Artist".