1978.10-1983.8, majoring in public health, Nanjing Medical University;

1983.8- 1987.8, Zhenjiang Health and Epidemic Prevention Station (now Center for Disease Control), as the section chief;

1987.9- 1990.7, Master of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University;

1990.7—— Up to now, working in the Department of Physiology of Nanjing Medical University;

1996.9- 1997.9, Department of Physiology and Biology, University of Oklahoma, USA.