Also known as Xingyuan.

Gender: Female

Year: Ming Dynasty

Ethnic group: Han nationality

Date of birth and death: 1623— 1695.

Related events: Manchuria entered the customs.

Related people: Wu Sangui Li Zicheng

biography

Chen Yuanyuan (1623- 1695), whose real name is Xing, whose real name is Yuan and whose real name is Wan Fen. A native of Wujin (now Changzhou) in Jiangsu Province in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. Poor family, living in Suzhou as a prostitute. Wu Sangui was later accepted as a concubine. Li Zicheng's army occupied Peking and was captured. Wu Sangui led the Qing soldiers into the customs, returned to Sangui, and followed them to Yunnan. "San Francisco" chaos, hanged himself. He said that he became a monk for Nepal and died in Yunnan.

After the death of a generation of beauty Chen Yuanyuan, there were tombs in Yunnan, Shanghai and Suzhou, but there was no real evidence except the tomb in Kunming, Yunnan. Now, the tomb of Chen Yuanyuan, a famous woman in the late Ming Dynasty, which has been hidden in Majia Village, Shuiwei Town, Cengong County, Guizhou Province for more than 300 years, has been basically unveiled after a large number of investigations by experts and scholars in recent years. Our special correspondent went to Majia Village in May and September this year to reveal the historical truth discovered by a generation of beautiful women's cemeteries for the first time.

Worried about the involvement of nine big clansmen, Wu Sangui's descendants have lived in Guizhou for hundreds of years, but they still have taboos about "Mrs. Chen" Chen Yuanyuan.

Chen Yuanyuan's Tomb (Textual Research) was published on pages 834-835 of Cengong County Records and Cultural Relics and Places of Interest. Chen Yuanyuan, a famous prostitute in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, was buried 38 kilometers northeast of Sizhou City, now on the Lion Mountain in Majia Village, Shuiwei Town, at the southern end of Aoshan Temple. In addition, there is ... According to research, Chen Yuanyuan's tombstone has no direct name and is kept secret from the outside world ... Majia Village is called Majia, and all the actual residents are surnamed Wu, who has always claimed to be descendants of Wu Sangui. Now Wu has 65,438+10,000 descendants. During Yongzheng period, in order to protect Chen Yuanyuan's tomb, it was not rebuilt after the monument was erected. ..... According to the legend of Wu, Chen Yuanyuan lived in Tianan Temple (also known as Ping Xi 'an) in his later years ... He left an imperial umbrella, an imperial calligraphy, a broadsword, gold and silver, etc. At the same time, there are legends in Majiacun, such as Seven Needles Shouxie, Wu Qihua hiding in Damudong, Xiangzi's house, and Ma Bao escorting Chen Yuanyuan. "

Because there is no "literal name" on the tombstone, it is kept secret. So, how was the cemetery in Chen Yuanyuan discovered? How is it demonstrated?

In Majia Village, Cengong County, Guizhou Province, there is a place called Xiangzi Jiazhaitian. According to historical records, the origin of this place name came after Wu Sangui's father Wu Xiang. In addition, outsiders don't know that Chen Yuanyuan's cemetery is also hidden in the local area.

Recently, the reporter interviewed Huang Tousong, a local expert in ancient philology who discovered Chen Yuanyuan's tomb and a scholar in Sizhou (called Cengong in ancient times). He introduced that 1983, the Guizhou Provincial Bureau of Culture forwarded National Cultural Heritage Administration's notice on compiling "Records of Historical Places of Interest in China", requesting to collect anecdotes of celebrities, and the documents were sent to Wu Sangui, Zhang Sanfeng, Tian Yougong and Li Bai implicated in Sizhou. Huang Tousong, then Vice Minister of Propaganda Department, visited Majia Village for the first time, hoping to find the legendary cemetery in Chen Yuanyuan.

Unfortunately, many local descendants of Wu Sangui are unanimously opposed to making this history public. After many twists and turns, they didn't want to reveal where Chen Yuanyuan, whom they called "Mrs. Chen", was buried.

The reason for later generations is that "after the defeat of the ancestor Wu Sangui, he wanted to leave the Wu family roots. Later generations have lived here in seclusion for generations to avoid the collapse of the Nine Clans and escape and hide. People are not willing to' sell their ancestors'. "

Chen Yuanyuan's tomb is hidden in the countryside, and mysterious couplets reveal the identity of the princess. Chen Yuanyuan's descendants created the word "Nie".

In the process of searching, Huang Tousong and other investigators came across a strange couplet on the tombstone of a descendant of Wu Sangui in Majia Village: "Chang's surname has been passed down from generation to generation, and he has been hiding here for a hundred years." I don't know whether the word "Chang" is "Ruan" or "Yuan", so I can't understand it and I don't know what it means.

Perhaps the sincerity of Huang Tousong and others touched the descendants of the Wu family. After repeated work, Wu, an old descendant of Wu Sangui, relieved his ideological worries and told them that the word "Yu" was a simplification of the word "Yin", which was created by the literati of the State of Wu themselves and was not in the dictionary. It means that future generations are hiding here.

Finally, with the help of the descendants of the Wu family, the investigators found the grave of an unremarkable "Mrs. Chen" Chen Yuanyuan on the hill on the right side of the village.

It is an inconspicuous small stone tablet erected in the sixth year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty (1728). The foot of the monument has been buried by mud, and there is no herringbone on the monument cap, and there are stone pillars on the left. The stone pillar on the right is missing, so we have to build it with stone.

The monument is printed on the floor, so put the tomb of Nieshi in Wumen first. Filial piety: Wu Qihua. Wife: Tu. Filial piety: Shi Long, Shi Jie. Yang. Great-grandson: Dajing, Da Chun ... In the sixth year of Qing Yongzheng, Wu Shen rose to Hitachi in the Middle East. " The whole inscription is a traditional Chinese character, with only one simplified word "Nie".

Old Wu Man jon jonsson explained that the word "Qing" was not used in Su Xian Yan, indicating that she was a princess in the late Ming Dynasty. "From" stands for woman. The word "Wumen" implies that the old lady is from Suzhou, which is called Wumen in ancient times and can also be interpreted as the Wu family. "Nie" is a simplified word not used in Yongzheng period, which was created by the Wu family for concealment. Chen Yuanyuan's real name is Xing, followed by his foster mother's name is Chen. Xing has a right ear, Chen has a left ear, and "both ears" represent Xing and Chen, which means two words. In the traditional Chinese character "Shuang", there are two words "Jia", which is better, and the full moon and flowers fall, which is a metaphor for "Yuan Yuan". "Zuo" shows her lofty status. She is a woman in the ancestral hall. Eleven words add up to "Princess Chen Yuanyuan's Tomb in Suzhou in the Ming Dynasty".

Numerous evidences confirm Chen Yuanyuan's tomb. In memory of the general Ma Bao who escorted Chen Yuanyuan, this mansion was named Majia Village.

After visiting Chen Yuanyuan's tomb, opinions vary. However, after research and review, experts insist that Majiacun's statement is sufficient. Because the Wu family is worried about the extermination of the nine ethnic groups, it has not been able to keep any cultural relics so far, but this should be understandable.

Experts explain as follows: 1. Wu's secret biography has some truth in explaining the six-year inscription of Yongzheng.

Second, the descendants of Majiacun now have a population of more than 1 000. As early as before liberation, Wu had made it clear in society that he was a descendant of Wu Sangui. Before liberation, textbooks in the society and even in the Republic of China said that Wu Sangui was a traitor. Under the social pressure of being despised, some people dare to openly say that they are descendants of Wu Sangui, which must be out of a kind of affection; If you are not Wu Sangui's son, why should you take the blame? Today, under the rock, Yang turned out to be tracking down the descendants of Wu Sangui, but failed to find out and report it to the court. Up to now, Wu and Yang still have hatred and do not communicate with each other.

Third, according to Wu Yongpeng, the emissary of Changfang XI, Chen Yuanyuan and Wu Qihua were the love of Wu Sangui, and Ma Bao was secretly escorted from Hengyang to Damudong (the mountain behind Majiacun, at the foot of Aoshan Temple) for a period of time. Based on Aoshan Temple, Kangxi moved to the reeds in Majia Village in twenty-four years. It was named Majia Village to thank and commemorate Ma Bao's great kindness, so that future generations will never forget it. In fact, the whole village is surnamed Wu, and no one is surnamed Ma.

The couplet in Ma Bao's tomb, "Recovering the British ancestors as one's own ancestors and recovering the stone platform as one's own", illustrates the problem. The source statement mentioned here is inconsistent with some anecdotes of Chen Yuanyuan's later years recorded in history, but it is very consistent with Qing Jian compiled by Yin Luanzhang.

"Qing Jian" contains: "One, three belong to Xu Hu Zhu Guo. See the Qing army besieged. The situation in the country is becoming increasingly urgent. The plot needs to be clarified. Ma Bao blocked it. Don't listen. Zhi Gao San Gui. It's Mid-Autumn Festival. Three blood sides embraced Ge Ji. And took Chen Yuanyuan. Lin Xuan plays with the moon. Hearing the change, he shouted, I have to go. That is, I will never be revived by suffocation again. Sangui is dead. Ma Bao and other two generals were with him. Welcome Sun Sangui to Yunnan. To Hengzhou. Stand up. Change to Yuan Honghua. Start the funeral. Go back to Yunnan. "

Majiacun is located in a remote place, and future generations may not be able to read such books. And the background and route of Mrs. Chen's secret entry from Hengzhou are so consistent, which also shows the authenticity of Chen Yuanyuan's soul returning to Sizhou.

Fourth, the things described in the Secret Biography of Wu are different from local folk customs. The esoteric biography calls family history "Huangzi Book", while the locals call it "Genealogy", "Genealogy", "Genealogy" and "Tangji", which is quite different. There is also a secret "imperial umbrella", which has been kept by the Wu family for generations. Later, because the family was poor, it was destroyed when it was applied. Many people have seen it. Another gold cup and silver chopsticks was collected by relatives and friends of Wu Xx's family in Niu Shan, and sold after being stolen. Two broadswords, one 96kg and the other 80kg, with hydrangeas on the hilts, were sold as scrap iron at 1958, and many people know about it. The Wu man in Majiacun is tall and burly, similar to Wu Sangui. Some people say it's genetic.

Background story

Wu Sangui and Chen Yuanyuan.

Chen Yuanyuan was a legend in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. Wu Sangui, who was "furious", led the Shanhaiguan garrison to take refuge in the Qing army and helped establish the Qing Dynasty.

Wu Sangui's "beauty" is my concubine Chen Yuanyuan, because after she was plundered by Li Zicheng (or Liu Zongmin), Wu Sangui was angry and led the Qing soldiers into the customs, which changed the history of China. Chen Yuanyuan became a key figure in regime change.