Changshan Archipelago is located between Shandong Peninsula and Liaodong Peninsula, near the gateway of Bohai Bay, and consists of 17 islands, including South Changshan Island and North Changshan Island. After the liberation of Shandong mainland, it retreated to the 2nd regiment of the Marine Corps of Changshan Islands, sabotaging fishery production and maritime traffic in an attempt to block the Bohai Bay. 1In August, 949, China * * * Shandong Military Region People's Army commanded the 72nd Division of the 24th Army, the artillery13rd Regiment and the 4th and 5th Garrison Brigade to fight for the liberation of Changshan Islands. 1 1 On the evening of Sunday, the 72nd Division, 4th Brigade and 5th Brigade of the Garrison set out from Liujiawang, Luanjiakou and Jiesongying in Penglai County respectively. /kloc-in the early morning of 0/2, the 4th and 5th Garrison Brigade captured the Big Xiaoheishan Island and Dazhushan Island on the two wings of Changshan Islands, and contained the * * * military ships anchored in the North and South Changshan Islands. With the cooperation of friends and neighbors, the 72nd Division approached Changshan Island in the north and south, quickly landed on the island under the cover of artillery fire, and launched a fierce battle with the defenders. In the morning, it captured the South Changshan Island and occupied the North Changshan Island in the afternoon. Later, mainly guarding the 5th Brigade, it developed attacks on Loki Island, the Great and Small Qin Islands and the North and South Imperial Islands. By the afternoon of 18, the remnants of the garrison abandoned the island and fled, and the battle was over. In this campaign, * * * Army 1400 people were wiped out. At this point, the whole territory of Shandong Province was liberated.
War background
The liberation of Changshan Island was the last time that Shandong Province fought against the enemy, and it was also the first time that our army crossed the sea. The people of Shandong Branch, Shandong Military Region and Shandong Province attached great importance to it and issued a series of important instructions and orders to win the victory. On July 1949 and 12, the Shandong Military Region made specific arrangements and sent the first deputy commander of the Shandong Military Region, Xu, the chief of staff and the secretary-general of the Political Department to Huangxian County to form the "Front Command of Changshan Island Campaign" and Xu was appointed as the commander. Subsequently, the front headquarters moved from Huangxian County to Sijiazhuang Village in the south of Penglai City. On the same day, the Beihai Special Service established the "Support Headquarters for the Liberation Front of Changshan Island in Beihai District", which is responsible for the support work such as replenishment, catering service, migrant workers, shipping, and prisoner collection. 18, Shandong people * * established the "Office before the Battle of Changshan Island", with Liu Zhongyi, deputy director of Jiaodong Administrative Office, as the director. The office consists of shipping, food, finance and weixian offices, and set up transfer stations in Liujiawang, Luanjiakou and Penglai counties of Penglai County.
On July 16, the front headquarters held a meeting of cadres at the division and battalion levels of the participating troops to analyze the situation of the enemy and ourselves and study and formulate operational plans. The meeting decided that the battle of Changshan Island would be carried out in two steps: the first step was to capture Changshan Island with two regiments and three artillery regiments of the 72nd Division of the 24th Army of the East China Field Army, and then occupy North Changshan Island; Guard two battalions and a company of mountain artillery mortars of the fourth brigade, and occupy the big and small Black Mountain Island and Miaodao; Two companies of the fifth brigade occupied Zhushan Island, relying on it to ensure the right-wing security of the main attack troops. The second step is to capture the five northern islands by relying on the occupied islands. Two battalions of the Sixth Artillery Corps were deployed around Penglai Pavilion, east to Maozhikou and west to Xizhuang to cover attack force's landing. Eight howitzers of the Fourth Garrison Brigade are deployed around Heifengtai in the west of Penglai, and three howitzers of the Fifth Garrison Brigade are deployed in Fengtai Mountain of Liujiawang, which is responsible for blocking the Pearl Gate, Miaodao Bay and the waters south of Zhushan Island and intercepting enemy ships. After the meeting, the participating troops immediately entered the position, and the artillery pulled the artillery to the old cypress mountain in the west of Penglai Pavilion, and the landing troops entered the training ground.
19, Shandong Military Region issued a political mobilization order for Changshan Island Campaign. The mobilization order pointed out: Changshan Island is the last isolated stronghold of the enemy in Shandong. The remnants of the enemy occupied the island, blocked the Bohai Bay, disrupted the maritime traffic in Northeast China and East China, plundered everywhere, and threatened our overseas trade. All officers and men, sailors and migrant workers are required to recognize the great significance of this campaign, resolutely carry out the orders of the Central Military Commission and the East China Military Region, carry forward the heroism of fighting alone, overcome difficulties, break the enemy blockade, completely eliminate the remnants of the enemy and liberate the Changshan Islands. On the 22nd, * * * Shandong Branch gave instructions to Jiaodong District Committee and Beihai District Committee on receiving the work of Changshan Island. The instructions pointed out: (1) Changshan Island is located at the gateway of the North Sea, and its military status is extremely important. After the recovery, we should strengthen the struggle against enemy agents; (2) Strengthening discipline education and stabilizing social order; (3) Mobilizing the masses, developing production and organizing fishery transportation; (4) The prefectural party committee should send some responsible comrades to guide the island.
On the 23rd, a meeting of cadres at or above the regiment level was held at the headquarters in front of the Shandong Military Region, and Xu, the first deputy commander of the Shandong Military Region, made a mobilization report on liberating Changshan Island. In his report, he pointed out that the liberation of Changshan Island, the final elimination of the remnants of the enemy in the north, and the liberation of all China with the cooperation of the Southern Army are foreseeable in the future. This is the first time for our army to cross the sea. With superior conditions, we can defeat enemy warships with sailboats. From 2/kloc-0 to 26th, the main forces participating in the battle of Changshan Island-27th Division of East China Field Army, 6th Artillery Regiment of Hua Ye, 4th and 5th Brigade of Jiaodong Military Region arrived in Penglai one after another, and were warmly welcomed by the party, government and army organs and the masses along the way. The 4th Brigade, 5th Brigade and 1st Army of Beihai Local Armed Forces in Jiaodong Military Region have been on standby in Penglai. At this point, the participating troops were assembled. After the participating troops arrived in Penglai, the vanguard troops and guides of Changshan Island were immediately incorporated into the battle sequence, and 146 fishing boats and 500 boatmen were put into pre-war training. In order to cooperate with the operation, Beihai Mission has set up a forward command, with Chen Ren, the Commissioner of Beihai Mission, as the commander and Song Youliang, the county magistrate of Penglai County, as the deputy commander. There are two branches, namely, the Supply and Democracy Movement, and three supply stations, namely, Liu Jiawang, Jujube JOE and Luanjiakou. In a short time, 53 steamboats, 889 wooden sailboats and more than 3,740 boatmen were mobilized from Yantai, Fushan, Huangxian and Penglai. Penglai people actively raised food and grass for the troops, taught soldiers to row boats, served as guides for the troops and fully supported the troops in their operations.
On 25th, Fushan County sent 135 migrant workers and 36 ships to Liujiawang, Penglai County, carrying * * * across the sea to attack Changshan Island. From July 26 to 28, Penglai was suddenly attacked by a strong typhoon, causing serious losses to warships and boatmen. 366 wooden boats and 53 motorboats were destroyed or missing, 33 boatmen were killed and 32 boatmen were injured, and the battle date was forced to be postponed. In early August, * * * Yantai Municipal Party Committee organized 88 steamboats and sailboats, including 5665438 sailors and 20 fishermen, led by 16 cadres to support the liberation of Changshan Island. Huangxian sent 200 stretchers, 2 carts18, 300 trolleys, 9 fishing boats/kloc-0, 65,438 migrant workers and 82 boatmen. Longkou sent 234 fishing boats and 836 boatmen to support the Battle of Changshan Island.