In view of the progress of the third pillar of the old-age insurance, You Jun, Vice Minister of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, said that establishing a multi-level old-age insurance system is an important measure to actively cope with the aging population and promote the sustainable development of the old-age insurance system. International experience also shows that the multi-level pension system is more risk controllable and sustainable.

At present, among the three levels of China's endowment insurance system, as the first level of basic endowment insurance, the system is basically sound, and the two platforms of employee endowment insurance and urban and rural residents' endowment insurance have covered nearly one billion people. As the second level, the enterprise annuity and occupational annuity systems have been initially established and gradually improved, covering more than 58 million people at present. As the third level, the personal pension system has not yet been introduced. Indeed, the third level is still a short board in the whole endowment insurance system.

You Jun said that after full investigation and demonstration, drawing lessons from international experience and summing up some domestic pilot experiences, a preliminary idea has been formed. The general consideration is that the establishment of an individual pension system based on the account system, voluntary participation by individuals, financial and tax support from the state, and market-oriented investment and operation of funds is in full swing.

Focus 2

"We can ensure that pensions are paid in full and on time."

Last year, in response to the impact of the epidemic, China implemented measures to reduce the social security costs of enterprises. Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security also responded to whether this will affect the payment of pensions.

Zhang Jinan, Minister of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, said that last year, the social security fee was reduced or exempted by 1.54 trillion yuan, of which the bulk was endowment insurance, accounting for 1.33 trillion yuan, which played an important role in easing the pressure of enterprises' operation and stabilizing employment, but it also had a certain impact on endowment insurance, and a few provinces had greater pressure on pension payment.

The government has taken corresponding measures to ensure payment, including comprehensively starting the collection of pensions at the provincial level, strengthening the adjustment of central funds and establishing a regular dispatching mechanism, which not only ensures timely and full payment, but also continuously improves the level of pension payment.

Zhang Jinan gave five aspects of reality to illustrate. The current period can be balanced, and it is predicted that there will be a slight balance after the current balance of payments is balanced this year; History is accumulated. At present, China's accumulated pension balance is 4.7 trillion yuan. With financial subsidies, the central financial subsidies continued to increase, reaching more than 580 billion yuan last year; There are channels to maintain and increase the value, and the scale of investment and operation of the surplus pension has been continuously expanded, which has achieved the maintenance and increase of the value on the premise of ensuring the safety of the fund; Long-term reserves, the national social security strategic reserve fund reached 2.4 trillion. With the allocation of state-owned assets, the fund has been continuously enriched and expanded.

He said that on the basis of provincial overall planning, the research and implementation of national overall planning for pensions are being accelerated, which will further improve the anti-risk ability of pensions. "Please rest assured that we can guarantee that the pension will be paid in full and on time." Zhang Jinan said.

Focus 3

The specific reform plan for delaying retirement is under study.

The Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee explicitly implemented the gradual postponement of the legal retirement age, and the topic of delaying retirement immediately sparked a heated discussion. Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security responded to this yesterday.

You Jun said that the implementation of gradually delaying the statutory retirement age is a major decision made from the overall economic and social development of China. Internationally speaking, delaying retirement age is a common practice for countries all over the world to deal with population aging. In recent decades, most countries have raised the retirement age to varying degrees. At present, the retirement age of major economies in the world is generally over 65.

China's current statutory retirement age stipulates that male employees are 60 years old, female cadres are 55 years old and female employees are 50 years old. This regulation was determined in the early days of the founding of New China according to the average life expectancy, working conditions, employment methods and other factors at that time, which should be said to be in line with the situation at that time. After the reform and opening up, great changes have taken place in China's economy and society, and the problem of low overall retirement age is very prominent.

For example, the current legal retirement age does not match the average life expectancy. At the beginning of the founding of New China, the average life expectancy in China was about 40 years old, and it has increased to 77.3 years by 20 19. The average life expectancy of urban residents is higher, exceeding 80 years.

At the same time, it does not adapt to the change of population structure and the development trend of aging. By the end of 20 19, the proportion of people aged 60 and over in China will reach 18. 1%. It is estimated that during the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, China's elderly population will exceed 300 million, from mild aging to moderate aging. In addition, the current legal retirement age has not adapted to the changes in the relationship between supply and demand of labor in China, resulting in a waste of human resources.

You Jun said that at present, Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security is working with relevant departments to study specific reform programs. Planning should not only draw lessons from international practices and experiences, but also give full consideration to China's actual national conditions, cultural traditions and historical evolution. Because delaying retirement age involves the vital interests of the broad masses of workers, in the process of studying and formulating the plan, we will listen to opinions from all sides, fully absorb opinions and suggestions from all walks of life, gather social consensus, seek the greatest common denominator, and ensure the scientific, feasible and smooth implementation of the plan.