Wang Mang, the king of writing, was the founder of a new dynasty in China history. Wang Mang was born at the end of the Western Han Dynasty and was a consort of the Wang family. In 9 AD, Wang Mang was born on behalf of the Han Dynasty, with a new title, which was established only after Jianyuan. Wang Mang carried out extensive social transformation. Among them, the land order and private order of the king to solve the problems of land and handmaiden are its core content. In 23 AD, in the fourth year of the Yellow Emperor, the rebels overthrew the new dynasty and Wang Mang was killed. He ruled from AD 9 to AD 23. After the death of Emperor Ai of the Han Dynasty, Wang Mang actually mastered the power of state affairs until the fourth autumn of the Emperor. Wang Mang reigned for 15 years and was in charge of the world for 20 years before and after, at the age of 69. The new dynasty has also become one of the shortest-lived dynasties in the history of China.
The consorts in the late Western Han Dynasty were the new founders. King of words Wang, nephew of Emperor Han Yuan. In his early years, he was diligent and knowledgeable, filial to his mother, caring for his widowed brother and son, and was famous for his virtue. When he became emperor, he was named the new capital Hou. At the time of the emperor's funeral, two consorts, Ding and Fu, assisted in the administration of state affairs, and Wang Mang was forced to leave and stayed at home. When Emperor Ai died, the king took Empress Dowager Tai as his courtier, made Wang Mang as Fu, made Emperor Ping and took charge of state affairs. So he eliminated dissidents, appointed Han imperial clan, descendants of heroes, senior officials of the DPRK and China, and widely planted party followers, which won the support of many people. After the death of Emperor Ping, he changed the 2-year-old boy to emperor and called himself the fake emperor in the name of Regent.
In the first year, Shunying was abolished, claiming to be the emperor, and the country name was changed to new. The founding year was the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China. Therefore, the system was reformed and ordered to be reformed: the land was changed to Wang Tian to limit the number of individuals; Handmaiden changed its name to private, and it is forbidden to buy or sell; Implement five grades and six grades, control and monopolize industry and commerce, and increase national tax revenue; Repeated changes in the monetary system have caused economic chaos, unemployment of farmers and enterprises, and waste of food and commodities; Restore the fifth rank, often change the official system and administrative divisions and so on. Due to the destruction of nobles and powerful people, the restructuring did not ease social contradictions, but intensified class contradictions; He also launched a war against the border ethnic minority regimes, with heavy taxes, excessive levies and harsh laws, and finally a nationwide peasant uprising broke out in A.D. 17. In 23 AD, the new dynasty collapsed under the attack of peasant rebels such as Chimei and Greenwood, and Wang Mang was also killed when the heroes of Greenwood invaded Chang 'an.
Although Wang Mang is a usurper, his actions are ten times and one hundred times stronger than those of the last emperor of the Western Han Dynasty, so there are many praises and praises for Wang Mang.
Wang Mang is from Yuancheng, Wei County. Nephew of the Han and Yuan emperors. When I was a child, my father, Wang Man, passed away, and soon his brother passed away. Wang Mang is filial to his mother and respects his sister-in-law. He lived a frugal life, read a lot of poems, made friends with wise men, and gained a wide reputation. Follwed is extremely obedient to his uncle Wang Feng who is in the position of fu. Wang Feng asked the king to take care of follwed.
Twenty-two years before Emperor Han became emperor, Wang Mang was appointed as Huangmenlang at first, and later promoted to a captain of the society. Corporal Wang Mang, honest and thrifty, often distributes his salary to the public and the poor, and even sells his carriage to help the poor, which is deeply loved by everyone. His uncle Wang Shang wrote that he was willing to give part of his fief to Wang Mang.
In the first year of eternity, he was appointed as the new capital Hou, riding a surname, Dr. Guanglu, and was appointed as the middle.
In the first year of Sui Dynasty, he became a fu after his uncle, at the age of 38. The following year, Emperor Han Chengdi died. After Emperor Ai of the Han Dynasty succeeded to the throne, Queen Ding's consorts gained power, and Wang Mang abdicated and lived in Xinye. In the meantime, the son killed the domestic slave, and Wang Mang forced his son to commit suicide, which was well received by the world.
Two years ago, Wang Mang returned to Beijing to live. Emperor Aidi died 1 year ago, leaving no children. Wang handed over the imperial seal, and Wang Mang was appointed as a fu, in charge of military orders and the imperial army, and established Emperor Han Ping, which won the support of the ruling and opposition parties. 1 year, Wang Mang accepted the title of An Hangong after repeated rejections and transferred his salary to more than 20,000 people. In 3 years, Wang Mang's daughter became a queen.
In the fourth year of Yuan Dynasty, Jia Jiazai was always above the princes. Vigorously promote the education of rites and music, get the support of Confucian scholars, and be added with nine tin. In 5 years, Wang Mang poisoned Emperor Han Ping and made a boy of one or two years old the Crown Prince. Empress Dowager Cixi ordered Wang Mang to replace the emperor and called him a fake emperor or photographer. Since Zhai Yi began to oppose Wang Mang in the second year of Ju, people have been persuading Wang Mang in various names.
In the early years, follwed proclaimed himself after accepting Junko's abdication, changed the name of the country to new, and changed Chang 'an to Chang 'an, which was the first year of People's Republic of China (PRC)'s establishment.
After he proclaimed himself emperor, he implemented the New Deal, changed the currency system, official system and official name for many times, restored the Jing Tian system in the name of Wang Tian system, nationalized salt, iron, wine, currency system and mountains and rivers, and constantly returned to the ritual pattern of the Western Zhou Dynasty. Because the policy is too circuitous and untrue, the people bear the brunt and constantly provoke the dissatisfaction of the nobles and civilians in the world. As a result, in Tianfeng four years, farmers all over the country revolted one after another, forming a large-scale rebellion of red eyebrows and green forests.
In the fourth year of Emperor Huang, Wang Mang held a crying ceremony in the southern suburbs, and the outlaw hero invaded Chang 'an. In the chaos, he was killed by businessman Du Wu, a junior official of a school was beheaded and hung in Wancheng, and the new dynasty perished.
Although Wang Mang was a usurper, what he did was ten times better than that of the last emperor of the Western Han Dynasty. As for his evaluation, it is still based on personal views.